Analysis of clinical pathological characteristics and pattern changes of 2643 gastric polyps in the past 15 years / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics and pattern changes of gastric polyps in the past 15 years.Methods From 1998 to 2012,the cases of gastric polyps diagnosed by gastroscopy were collected.Data of gender,age,location,number,size,Yamata type,pathological type,Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection were retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed by Chi square test.Results Among 62 975 cases received gastroscopy,gastric polyps were detected in 2 643 patients and the gastric polyps detection rate was 4.20％,which of female (5.91％,1 790/30 269) was higher than that of male (2.61％,853/32 706).And patients aged ≥60 years old has a high prevalence of gastric polyps; the detection rate was 6.39％(1 124/17 590).The positive rate of H.pylori infection in patients detected with gastric polyp was 12.70％ (321/2 527).Gastric body (40.41％,1 068/2 643) and fundus (26.79％,708/2 643) were two predilection sites of gastric polyps.About 69.05％(1 825/2 643) patients' polyps were solitary,74.76％(1 976/2 643) patients' polyps were less than 0.5 cm in diameter and mainly were Yamata type Ⅰ (30.68％,811/2 643) or type Ⅱ (54.41％,1 438/2 643).The common pathological types were hyperplastic polyps (43.80％,1 109/2 532),inflammatory polyps (34.24％,867/2 532),fundic-gland polyps (19.55％,495/2 532) and adenomatous polyps (2.41％,61/2 532).The detection rate of polyps gradually increased in the past 15 years.Between 1998 to 2002,2003 to 2007,2008 to 2012,the average of 5-year detection rates were 1.11％,2.50％ and 6.49％,respectively.However,the proportion of pathological types didn't change significantly.Conclusions The detection rate of gastric polyps gradually increased year by year,and elderly woman is at high risk.Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps ware the most common types.

Application of functional quantum dots in cancer diagnosis and therapy: a review / 生物工程学报

Quantum dots (QDs) are nanometer-sized luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Their unique optical properties, such as high brightness, long-term stability, simultaneous detection of multiple signals and tunable emission spectra, make them appealing as potential diagnostic and therapeutic systems in oncology. Preparing the functional QDs by modifying bio-molecules such as antibody will have potential value for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This paper summarized the recent progress of promising application of QDs in cancer diagnosis and therapy, from identifying molecular targets, to drug delivery and therapy; from limitations of toxicity issues related to QDs in living organisms to multifunctional design and development. Finally, the promising applications of QDs are also discussed.

Endoscopic pyloromyotomy in congenital hypertrophic pyioric stenosis / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the short-term effect and safety of endoscopic pyloromyotomy for congenital hypertrophic pyioric stenosis(CHPS).Methods Twelve infants,including 8 boys and 4 girls,mean age(57.5±14.4)days,who were diagnosed as CHPS,underwent endoscopic pyloromyotomy by using an ultra-thin gastroscope.Incisions were made from the duodenal to the antral side of the pylorus by an endoscopic electrosurgical sphincterome or a needle knife.Results These 12 patients underwent 13 endoscopic operations.Vomiting ceased in 1-10 days in 11 cases,of which one patient's vomiting was recurrent 35 days after the first procedure,which was improved 10 days later after another endoscopic operations.Another one did not stop vomiting because of cytomegalovirus hepatitis,whose symptoms were relieved after secondary treatment.No complications were observed except for minor melena in one case after the therapy.Conclusion Endoscopicall pyloromyotomy in CHPS is effective and safe in short-term follow-up.

Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To assess the clinical significance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis and preoperative staging of gastric cancer. Methods EUS was carried out in 22 patients inclu-ding 17 gastric cancer patients and 5 patients in suspicion. Helical CT scanning was performed in all of the patients and fine needle aspiration biopsies ( FNAB) were administrated to 5 suspicious patients. Compared the results of operation and pathology with those of tumor staging by estimating the depth of tumor invasion ( T) , local lymph node metastasis ( N) and metastasis to neighboring or remote organs ( M) in order to esti-mate the accuracy of diagnosis and TNM staging. The sensitivity and specificity of tumor-node-metastasis staging of gastric cancer by EUS were compared with those of the spiral CT according to the final histopatho-logical results. Results In 5 suspicious patients specimens were successfully obtained by FNAB under the guide of EUS with the pathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in 4 cases and signet ring cell carcinoma, 1 case. All patients underwent radical gastrectomy except one in T1N0M0, staging was treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). The sensitivity and specificity of EUS in T, N, and M stage were 84.9% and 74. 2% , 92. 1% and 77. 1% , 63. 4% and 87. 5% respectively; whereas those of CT in T, N, and M stage were 27. 3% and 75% , 31.5% and 100% , 50% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity of EUS in T and N staging were higher than those of CT with significant statistical difference (P