RESUMO
Objective To systematically evaluate the prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in pT1 stage bladder urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Methods The clinical and patholog-ical data of 105 patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation and transurethral resec-tion of bladder tumor (TURBT) were retrospectively analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the presence of LVI in tumor tissues. All patients were divided into LVI-negative group and LVI-positive group according to LVI. The relationship between LVI and clinicopathological features and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate was analyzed. Patients with relapse were divided into TURBT group and radi-cal cystectomy (RC) group according to the surgical method, and the effects of the methods on CSS were compared. Results There are 57 patients (27.6％) had LVI. In the LVI-negative group, the 5-year CSS was 84.9％, while that in the LVI-positive group was 58.4％, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that tumor multiple appearance, tumor size, recurrence and LVI were significantly correlated with CSS (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size and LVI had significant effects on CSS (all P<0.05). In the relapsed pa-tients with LVI-positive, RC had a higher CSS than TURBT (P=0.042). In the relapsed patients with LVI-negative, the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant (P=0.692). Conclusions LVI is an important prognostic factor in pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Patients with LVI and tumor size>3 cm have a higher risk of death. Patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation, espe-cially those with LVI, should be treated with RC as soon as possible.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of bladder hemangio-ma. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with bladder hemangioma were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in com-bination with relevant literature. Results Ten patients were treated with partial cystectomy,and two patients treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT). All patients were diagnosed as the bladder hemangioma by postoperative pathology. Patients were followed up from 4 months to 6 years. There were no recurrence and metastasis in all cases. Conclu-sion Bladder hemangioma is a rare benign tumor, which can be preliminarily diagnosed by combinating with medical imag-ing. The final diagnosis depends on the pathological examination. Treatment options should rely on the factual situations. The partial cystectomy is the first choice for the treatment of bladder hemangioma. The prognosis is good.