Quality evaluation of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle based on HPLC fingerprint and multi-component quantitative analysis by QAMS / 中草药

Objective: To establish the quality control method for high-quality Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle (GRRPM) in Xinshenghua Granules (XG). Methods: The HPLC fingerprint analysis method for high-quality GRRPM was developed. The method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determining the six active constituents (liquiritin, isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritigenin, liquiritin apioside, and isoliquiritin apioside) was developed and evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results with external standard method. Results: The fingerprints of GRRPM were established by HPLC from 30 batches. Fourteen peaks were acquired as common fingerprint peaks and seven peaks among them were identified with chemical reference. The relative retention time of common peaks and the peak area ratio of some common peaks were used to differentiate high-quality products from general products as indicators for fingerprint evaluation. With liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid as internal standards, QAMS was developed and the mean relative correlation factors (RCFs) of isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, liquiritin apioside, and isoliquiritin apioside were 0.502, 0.578, 0.252, and 0.257, respectively. The specifications of high-quality GRRPM were established for XG. Conclusion: These methods could be used for quality control of high-quality GRRPM of XG.

Stage I testis teratoma in adults: treatment options and recurrence factors / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical outcomes of stage I testis teratoma, including pure teratoma, and to provide information on the treatment options for this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 27 cases of orchiectomy for stage I testis teratoma, excluding epidermoid cyst, and investigated its recurrence associated with treatment methods and clinicopathological factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four of the 27 cases relapsed, all in the orchiectomy group and confined to the retroperitoneal region, 3 with and the other 1 without risk factors, but with no death. No recurrence was found in those treated by orchiectomy followed by chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide and platinum (BEP). The total rate of recurrence was 15.8%. No severe side effects were observed in the 9 patients undergoing adjuvant BEP chemotherapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Risk factors may increase the recurrence rate of stage I testis teratoma, while postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy can reduce it, including that of pure teratoma, though surveillance policy remains the most popular option after orchiectomy.</p>

Effect of history of open nephrolithotomy on percutaneous nephrolithotomy / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of previous open nephrolithotomy on the technical features, outcomes and morbidities of subsequent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods Ninety-eight patients who underwent PCNL from January 2006 to January 2011 were selected in this study. The 34 patients of them who had previous open nephrolithotomy on the same kidney were assigned as group A, and the other 64 patients who had no previous open surgery as group B. The data of operation time, blood transfusion quantity, residual stones rate, hospitalization time and time of tube evulsion were collected and compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the group A and B with respect to the mean operative time [(84.0±24.6) min vs. (94.0±22.7) min, t=1.372, P=0.177], hospitalization time [(6.5±1.1)days vs. (6.3±1.8)days, t=0.49, P=0.261], blood transfusion quantity [(82.9±10.6) ml vs. (85.0±11.8) ml, t=0.415, P=0.682], kidney and colostomy channels [single channel(70.6% vs. 75.0%), double channel (29.4% vs. 25.0%), χ2 =0.22, P=0.638] and residual stones rate (5% vs. 3%,χ2=0.42, P=0.282). Conclusions When PCNL is performed after previous open nephrolithotomy, there is no difference in success rate and morbidities.