Efficacy and mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on model rats of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome based on metabolomics / 中国中药杂志

This study investigated the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on myocardial metabolites in a rat model of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome and explored the therapeutic mechanism of blood circulation-promoting and blood stasis-removing therapy. SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group(14.04 g·kg~(-1)), and a trimetazidine group(5.4 mg·kg~(-1)). The sham operation group underwent thread insertion without ligation, while the other groups underwent coronary artery left anterior descending branch ligation to induce a model of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome. Three days after modeling, drug intervention was performed, and samples were taken after 14 days of intervention. General conditions were observed, and electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound indices were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining were used to observe tissue pathological morphology. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) in the serum. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quantitative exactive-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QE-MS) technology was used to screen differential metabolites in myocardial tissue and conduct metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction significantly improved the general condition of the model rats, reduced heart rate and ST segment elevation in the electrocardiogram, increased left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS), and decreased left ventricular internal diameter in diastole(LVIDd) and left ventricular internal diameter in systole(LVIDs). HE staining and Masson staining showed that Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction effectively alleviated myocardial tissue structural disorders, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen fiber deposition in the model rats. ELISA results showed that Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction effectively regulated serum TG and TC levels in the model rats. There were significant differences in the metabolic phenotypes of myocardial samples in each group. Fourteen differential metabolites were identified in the Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group, involving five metabolic pathways, including arginine and proline metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, ether lipid metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction improved cardiac function and myocardial structural damage in the rat model of coronary heart disease with heart blood stasis syndrome, and its biological mechanism involved the regulation of lipid metabolism, choline metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis pathways.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention of Ferroptosis Based on Yin-yang Theory： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Ferroptosis， a new type of iron-dependent programmed cell death， is related to multiple pathways such as glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4， iron metabolism， lipid metabolism， and iron autophagy， and plays an important part in the occurrence and development of many diseases， such as tumor， cerebral ischemia， and Parkinson's disease. Ferroptosis is a double-edged sword as it can eliminate pathological cells （such as tumor cells） but long-term ferroptosis may cause or aggravate other disorders related to abnormal lipid metabolism and iron metabolism. Regulating the balance between cell proliferation and ferroptosis may be an important target for drug intervention in diseases. The Yin-yang theory is one of the foundational principles of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， which is used to explain the physiological functions and pathological changes of human body and to guide the diagnosis and prevention of disease and health care. The balance of cell proliferation and programmed death is essentially the balance of Yin and Yang at the cellular level， which is governed and regulated by the law of balance. TCM intervenes in ferroptosis by promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells （damaging the excess） and inhibiting ferroptosis of other diseases （compensating the deficiency）， which is similar to the treatment principle of adjusting Yin and Yang. On this basis， this article aims to use the Yin-yang theory to clarify the relationship between TCM promoting ferroptosis and inhibiting ferroptosis， which is expected to lay a basis for the modern application of Yin-yang theory and provide new targets for TCM treatment.

Comparison between Ye Tianshi and Wu Jutong in treatment of summer-heat disease / 中国中药杂志

Through the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance platform system, with the help of medical records, Ye Tianshi and Wu Jutong's medication characteristics for summer heat sickness were analyzed, the laws of the two people's medication were summarized, and the similarities and differences between the two were explored to explore the relationship. As a result, it was found that both of them recognized the relationship between summer heat and wetness, and Wu Jutong believed that "wind" was also an important pathogenic factor. Both of the patients were treated with cold medicine and warm medicine. They used mostly bitter, sweet, pungent taste and lungs, spleen, stomach, and heart meridian are the main components; two are commonly used Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Talcum, Rehmanniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma and other drugs, Ye Tianshi use Scrophulariae Radix, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Coicis Semen and other drugs more, Wu Jutong use Gypsum Fibrosum, Sojae Semen Praeparatum, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba and other drugs more; at the same time, a combination of two high-frequency medicines used by two people has been excavated, and a new prescription has been deduced to provide a reference for further understanding and treatment of summer diseases.

Study on HPLC-fingerprint-based identification of dao-di herb and non dao-di herb of scutellariae radix / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the discrepancies between chemical constituents in Dao-di herb and non Dao-di herb of Huangqin (the root of Scutellaria baicalensis), study the impact of habitat and growth pattern (including cultivated and wild Huangqin) on chemical substances of Huangqin, and then provide evidence for the identification of Dao-di herb and quality evaluation of Huangqin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents in Huangqin collected from different habitats and under different growth patterns, were analyzed using HPLC fingerprint. The fingerprints obtained were then evaluated by hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis and components peak area pattern.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The fingerprints' chemical profiles of Dao-di herb and non Dao-di Huangqin had significant disparity. The fingerprints of modem Dao-di herb Huangqin samples originated from Chengde (Hebei Province) were significantly different from those from other habitats, though the fingerprints of the non Dao-di Huangqin collected from Chifeng (Inner Mongolia) and Chengde had high similarity to each other. The chemical characteristics of Huangqin samples collected from the habitats recorded in ancient herbals, such as Qingyang (Gansu Province), Yan'an (Shaanxi Province), Linyi (Shangdong Province), Changzhi and Jinzhong (Shanxi Province) were similar. The fingerprints of modern non Dao-di samples collected from Dingxi and Longnan (Gansu Province) and Shangluo (Shaanxi Province) had high similarity. In addition, the content of acteoside in wild Huangqin was higher than that in cultivated Huangqin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dao-di herb and non Dao-di herb of Huangqin could be distinguished using the developed HPLC fingerprints. The results obtained may provide evidence for the quality control and pharmcodynamical research of Dao-di herb and non Dao-di Huangqin.</p>

The endothelium injuries caused by homocysteine and treatmental effects of Tongxinluo powder / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe the effect of homocysteine (HCY) on the function of endothelium cell, and to discuss the possible mechanisms that Tongxinluo super powder affected.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into randomly the control group, the model group, the Tongxinluo group. The effect of Ach on isolated rat thoracic aorta in vitro was examined, the microcirculation was observed by microcirculation meter, the activity of SOD and GSH-PX and content of NO, MDA, ET, Ang II, TXA2, PGI2 was detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, the effect of Ach on isolated rat thoracic aorta in vitro weakened markablely (P < 0.01), the format and percentage that capillary dilated declined significantly (P < 0.05), after treatment with Tongxinluo powder, the effect of Ach on isolated rat thoracic aorta in vitro was improved obviously (p < 0.01), and the format and percentage that capillary dilated were increased compared with model group; comparing with the control group, the level of Ang II and ET, TXA2 in plasm increased obviously (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the content of PGI2 depressed manifestly (P < 0.05), at the same time, both content of NO and activity of SOD, (GSH-PX declined obviously (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). After treatment with Tongxinluo powder, the level of ET, AngII and TXA2 reduced significantly in different degree (P < 0.01), while the content of PGI2 appeared stepping up notably (P < 0.01), and both activity of SOD and NO level increased obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The high homocystein might cause the contracted and dilated function decreased, it might get involved in endothelium disfunction as a result of the massive free radicals production and diastolic-contract factors balance disorder induced by high homocystein. (2) Tongxinluo powder could improve the function of endothelium-dependment dilation induced by high homocystein, that associated with inhibitting the excessive production of free radicals, and improved function of endothelium.</p>