Progress of immunotherapy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders / 中华全科医师杂志

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease in central nervous system,mainly involving the optic nerves and spinal cord.NMOSD is a relapsing disease with severe residual disability,therefore,prevention of attacks is critical for the preservation of visual and neurologic function.The conventional immunosuppressants,including prednisone,azathioprine,mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate,can be used to prevent relapse of NMOSD.And immunotherapeutics such as rituximab,tocilizumab and eculizumab are increasingly used in recent years.This review summarizes the current status and the future strategies in treatment of NMOSD based on the progress of NMOSD pathogenesis.

Single-leg Static Postural Balance in Individuals with or Without Unilateral Functional Ankle Instability / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To explore the static postural balance in individuals with or without functional ankle instability (FAI)by identifying and quantifying the spatial characteristics of center of pressure (COP),as well as rambling and trembling trajectory properties.Methods Twelve FAI patients was selected into the FAI group,while another 14 healthy students were chosen into the control group.The single-leg standing test with and without vision was conducted on the unstable side of the FAI group and the non-dominant side of the control group 3 trials with each trial lasting 30 s.The displacement of COP and the time and frequency domain of rambling and trembling were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the displacement of COP with opened eyes(P＞0.05).The area and the anterior-posterior length of COP of the FAI group were larger than those of the control group with eyes closed (P＜0.05).For the rambling and trembling trajectory,no significant differences were found in all the time domains between the two groups with eyes open or closed(P＞0.05),except the mean sway amplitude(MSA)(P＜0.05).Moreover,the mean square root and standard deviation of MSA of the FAI group were significantly bigger than the control group(P＜ 0.05).Significant differences were found in the MSA frequency between open and closed eyes(P＞0.05),but not between the FAI and control groups(P＜0.05).Conclusions The FAI patients are weaker than healthy people not only in the peripheral control,but also in the central control of the static postural balance.Therefore,injuries in the central neural system must also be considered when analyzing the reason for FAI.The imbalance of the FAI patients can be avoided by opening eyes.

Study on the expression of ABCA1,PPAR,SREBP,ADPN and LXR α in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of the expression of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1),peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPARγ) and sterol regulato-ry element binding protein (SREBP),adiponectin (ADPN) and liver X recepto α(LXRα) in type 2 diabetic pa-tients.Methods 71 patients with type 2 diabetes received in the hospital from June 2015 to June 2017 were se-lected as the observation group,and 60 healthy persons who underwent the health assessment from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected as the control group.Peripheral venous blood was collected from patients with an empty stomach in the morning,serum was isolated and serum human ADPN content were measured by radio-immunoassay.The levels of serum ABCA1,PPAR γ,SREBP and LXR α were measured by Enzyme linked im-munosorbent assay.Results The serum levels of ABCA1 and ADPN in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while serum PPARγ SREBP and LXRα levels were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05);the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of ABCA 1+ PPARγ+ SREBP+ ADPN + LXRα were higher than those of single detection of ABCA1,PPARγ,SREBP,ADPN and LXRα.Conclusion The levels of ABCA1 and ADPN decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes,while the levels of PPAR γ,SREBP and LXR α was increased.The five joint diagnosis of ABCA1+ PPAR γ+SREBP+ADPN+LXR α has high sensitivity and specificity.It was of important clinical value and worth further application.

In vivo distribution of luciferase gene-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells infused through different approaches / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Most bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are infused intravenously and have very low efficiency of homing to the bone marrow. However, cel infusion via the femoral approach is little reported. OBJECTIVE:To explore the distribution of luciferase gene modified red fluorescent protein transgenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in vivo through different infusion routes. METHODS:Luciferase gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s at different gradients (5×106, 1×106, 1×105, 1×104) were seeded or injected into the in vitro pore plate or free femurs to observe the fluorescence imaging and select the best concentration of cel s. Luciferase gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s at the best cel concentration were injected into the mice via the femur and the tail vein, respectively. The distribution of fluorescence and cel number in the mice were explored by using bioluminescence, pathological examination, flow cytometry and quantitative PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Ex vivo fluorescence intensity of luciferase gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s was positively correlated with the cel concentration;fluorescent cel s in vivo appeared in the femur first and then quickly spread to the lungs in the femur group, while fluorescent cel s in the tail vein group spread to the lungs quickly after cel infusion. Fluorescent cel s could be seen in the spleen, liver and other organs 24 hours later in the two groups. The distribution and migration of cel s in mice could be observed successful y by bioluminescence;5 minutes after cel infusion, the lungs of mice in the two groups began to emit fluorescence that could spread to the liver, spleen and other tissues 24 hours later, and the fluorescence intensity reached its peak after 15 minutes. The distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in mice had no significant difference between the femur group and the tail vein group. To conclude, cel injection through the bone marrow cavity and tail vein fails to promote the homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s to the bone marrow.

Design and Application of Intelligent Follow-up Visit Management System of Hospitals / 医学信息学杂志

Taking the First Hospital Affiliated to Traditional Chinese Medicine University of Guangzhou as an example,the paper puts forward to establish the hospital's intelligent Short Message Service (SMS) follow-up visit system based on the analysis of research conditions and existing problems of domestic and overseas follow-up visit system,introduces the follow-up visit registration process and functional modules,and summarizes the application efficiency.This system can greatly improve the follow-up visit efficiency,reduce the rate of loss to follow-up visit,and immediately update information of patients.

Analysis on professor Gao Zhongying herbal administration experience for chronic atrophic gastritis by using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To explore the medication rules of Professor Gao Zhongying in treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis on basis of his curative prescriptions.Method Prof.Gao Zhongying clinic medical records were used as data resource.Database was built by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (Version 2.5).The core combination and assocical rules among the drugs were confirmed by frequency analysis and assocical rules analysis methods.Results We collected 60 clinical formulas including 83 kinds of Chinese herbs.The bighest frequency used simply drugs were Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Trichosanthis radix,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum and so on.The most frequency drug combination were Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Trichosanthis radix,Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Trichosanthis radix,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Curcumae Rhizoma and so on.The drug association rules of drug combination were 447 items.Conclusions The medication rules embodied the thoughts of Professor Gao Zhongying of replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen and regulating the stomach to moisten dryness was the main method in treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis and deficiency of spleen and dryness of stomach,which was the key pathogenesis in occurrence and development of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Effects of Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsule on neuronal damage in cortex of cerebral ;hypo-perfusion rats / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the influence of Xiaoshuan enteric-coated Capsule (XSECC) on neuronal damage in cortex of cerebral hypo-perfusion rats. Methods Rats were divided into a sham group (12), a model group (17), a XSECC large dose group (15), a medium dose group (15) and a low dose group (15) by a random number table. The cerebral hypo-perfusion model was produced by permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation (2VO). The mixed suspension of XSECC was given orally to rats in the XSECC large dose group (420 mg/kg), the medium dose group (140 mg/kg) and the low dose group (47 mg/kg) once each day for 40 days from the beginning of two hour after ischemia. The expressions of NeuN and Caspase-3 were observed by immunofluorescence staining at 40 days after ischemia. The content of GSH-PX,SOD and MDA were measured by biochemical assay. Results Compared to the model group, the expressions of NeuN (8 716.86 ± 2 539.93, 9 549.31 ± 1 663.26 vs. 7 297.05 ± 1 932.49) were significantly increased in the XSECC large dose group and the medium dose group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);The content of GSH-PX (7.37 ± 1.08 U/mg, 7.77 ± 3.26 U/mg vs. 3.67 ± 2.52 U/mg) was increased in the XSECC large dose group and the medium dose group(P<0.05); The expressions of Caspase-3 (11.65 ± 2.68, 14.05 ± 4.55, 12.60 ± 4.56 vs. 16.80 ± 5.41) were obviously decreased in the XSECC large dose group, the medium dose group and the low dose group, compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);The content of MDA (1.44 ± 0.40 nmol/mg, 1.96 ± 1.13 nmol/mg, 2.12 ± 1.19 nmol/mg vs. 3.19 ± 0.98 nmol/mg )was decreased in the XSECC large dose group, the medium dose group and the low dose group when compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);The content of SOD (555.61 ± 92.45 U/mg, 607.90 ± 228.45 U/mg, 515.98 ± 184.01 U/mg vs. 348.12 ± 108.84 U/mg) was increased in the XSECC large dose group, the medium dose group and the low dose group when compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion XSECC could protect injured neurons, which is related to the improvement of free radical metabolism.

The correlation between the labial (buccal)bone thickness and alveolar crest height in maxillary anterior teeth and premolar zone / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the labial(buccal)bone thickness at alveolar crest zone and alveolar crest height of the maxil-lary anterior teeth and premolars of young adults with normal occlusion.Methods:The alveolar bone of the anterior teeth and premo-lars of 67 eligible Han national young volunteers was scanned by CBCT.Then the facial bone thickness and the distance between the facial alveolar crest and Cemento-enamel Junction(CEJ)of the anterior teeth and premolars were measured and analyzed after recon-struction.Results:The distance between labial (buccal)crest and labial (buccal)CEJ of the maxillary first premolars was the lar-gest(P <0.05);there was a negative correlation between the labial(buccal)crest height and the facial alveolar bone thickness at 2 mm from CEJ toward root derection[(P <0.05),0.6 <|r|<0.8].Conclusion:The labial (buccal)crest of the first premolars was higher than that of other teeth in maxillary aesthetic zone.At alveolar crest zone,when the labial (buccal)bone was thinner,the dis-tance between labial (buccal)crest and labial (buccal)CEJ was larger,and the implant aesthetic risk is higher.

Comparative research between hormone replacement therapy and self-prescribed Anshen pills for menopausal syndrome / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effects of self-prescribed Anshen pills in the treatment of female patients with menopausal syndrome . Methods From August 2012 to September 2014, 100 female patients with menopausal syndrome in Tianjin Beichen District Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into control group (50 cases) and observation group (50 cases).The control group received tibolone orally, and the observation group received self-prescribed Anshen pills orally.All treated for 3 months.Modified Kupperman score, self-rating anxiety scale ( SAS) score, self-rating depression scale (SDS) score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score, menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL) score, the main clinical symptoms and hormone levels in serum were compared; the adverse reactions were recorded.Results Compared with control group post-treatment, hot flashes and perspiration, insominia improved greatly in observation group.The serum levels of luteinizing hormone ( LH ) in observation group was (28.04 ±3.37)IU/L, which was higher than (24.48 ±6.63)IU/L in control group.PSQI score in observation group was (6.57 ±1.23), which was lower than (8.18 ±1.70) in control group.The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was 4.0%, which was lower than 18.0% in control group, and there were significant differences between two groups ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Self-prescribed Anshen pills is effective and safe for menopausal syndrome.

Mesenchymal stem cells-stents complex in repair of meniscus injury in knee joint / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Meniscus injury is a common disease, whose curative effect is not obvious. The clinical application of tissue engineering technology is gradual y rising, and mesenchymal stem cells-stents complex is expected to be used for the treatment of meniscus injury. OBJECTIVE:To review the application process of mesenchymal stem cells-stents complex in meniscus injury, in order to provide reference for further study and clinical practice. METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed database, VIP database, Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure between 1980 and 2013 was performed to search related articles on mesenchymal stem cells-stents complex in meniscus injury. The key words were“mesenchymal stem cell, meniscus injury, tissue engineering, scaffold, stent”in English and“mesenchymal stem cell, meniscus injury, tissue engineering”in Chinese. For the articles in the same field, we preferred the ones published recently or in authorize journals. Meta-analysis and repetitive studies were excluded. 282 articles were included, and final y 59 articles were included according to inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nowadays, numerous experiments showed that mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into chondrocytes both in vivo or vitro. Mesenchymal stem cells-stents complex could be effective to meniscus injury. Although this technique is stil in exploratory stage, it has promising application prospects in treatment of meniscus injury, because it is characterized by convenience to col ect samples, vitality and no antigenicity.

Effect of Qiju Runmu Tie on Experimental Dry Eye Syndrome in Rats / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to observe the improvement of Qiju Runmu Tie (QRT) on experimental dry eye syndrome in rats. The fourth day after the bleomycin hydrochloride (8 g·mL-1) was injected into the intraorbital lacrimal gland (0.06 mL) and extraorbital lacrimal gland (0.12 mL), QRT of large, medium, and small dosage (0.276 g·mL-1, 0.138 g·mL-1, 0.069 g·mL-1) was applied on rat's eyes continuously for 10 days, once a day, 1 hour every time. Rats in the control group and model group were applied with a patch containing distilled water in the same operation. The tear secretions, time of tear film break-up and pathological changes of lacrimal gland were observed from the eleventh day to the thirteenth day after injection. The results showed that compared with the control group, bleomycin hydrochloride can induce atrophy of lacrimal gland, hyperplasia and decrease bubbly mucus in the acinar lumina, significant reduce of tear secretion, and significant shorten the time of tear film break-up. Compared with the model group, QRT can significantly increase the amount of tear secretion (P <0.05), extend the tear film break-up time (P < 0.01). And the medium dosage of QRT can obviously reduce lacrimal gland tissue injury. It was concluded that external application of QRT can improve symptoms of experi-mental dry eye syndrome in rats.

One-legged standing with eyes closed in physical fitness testing / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:One-legged standing with eyes closed is a method to test the muscle strength and the ability of body balance, it is considered to be an important quality indicator for evaluation of adults and elderly balancing capability in our country. A lot of works have been done in many provinces and cities, but there is a lack of in-depth studies. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of one-legged standing with eyes closed, to analyze its problem used in the physical fitness test and to prospect the future direction of the related researches. METHODS:A computer-based search on CNKI database and Elsevier database was undertaken to identify the article of balance capacity. The key words were“eyes closed and single legged standing, balance ability, physical fitness test”. Total y articles were searched and checked primarily, and those meeting the criteria were looked up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The standard of one-legged standing with eyes closed for the male is higher than that for the female. Some elderly just stand for a short time in the test, and thus it is difficult to distinguish the balance ability. Elderly balance is significantly lower than that in young people. The same test method for adults and elderly people is employed, but whether it is scientific or not should be further studied. Various indicators in the test of one-legged standing with eyes closed have low correlation. For the above reasons, further studies should be made before the test of one-legged standing with eyes closed becomes a valuable measurement of the balance ability in the national physique.

Static balance ability of functional ankle instability patients / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:At present, the study to balance ability of functional ankle instability patients is less. The balance ability deficiency may also be one of the important reasons for ankle repeated injury, so the research can effectively reduce the damage probability. OBJECTIVE:To explore the static balance ability characteristics of functional ankle instability patients. METHODS:Ten male subjects with unilateral functional ankle instability were enrol ed as the experimental group in the study, and other 10 healthy match-paired subjects were served as the control group. Their static balance ability was measured under double feet standing and single foot standing using win-pod system, the double feet testing lasted for 30 seconds and the single foot testing lasted for 10 seconds. Evaluation parameters of balance ability were obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:During double feet testing, there were no significant differences in balance ability parameters between the experimental group and the control group whether eyes be opened or closed (P>0.05), but the index values of double feet testing were obviously less than those of single foot testing. So we concluded that in the double feet standing, there was no significant difference in the static balance ability between functional ankle instability patients and normal persons. Moreover, the static balance ability of double feet was better than that of single feet. In the single foot standing of the affected foot, the static balance ability of functional ankle instability patients was slightly worse than that of the normal persons, especial y with eyes closed. Comparison of the average swing between the X-axis and Y-axis found that in the process of maintaining balance posture, the swing direction of the body center of gravity was mainly in the anteroposterior direction.

Test-retest reliability of muscle force sense of the ankle joint under different target torque / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: There was no uniform criterion for muscle force sense test of the sagittal plane of the ankle joint.OBJECTIVE: To explore the test-retest reliability of the ankle muscle force sense (MFS) under different target force.METHODS: The target force of the muscle was 25%, 50% and 75% maximal voluntary isometric contraction to measure MFS.Consistency degree of the repeated measures was evaluated by intra-class correlation (ICC) and standard error of measurement(SEM).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Interclass correlation coefficients of variable errors and absolute errors in MFS were more than0.75, and SEM of them were lower. ICCs of constant error of them were less than 0.75, and SEMs of them were greater. Thetest-retest reliability for variable errors and absolute errors of MFS was better when the target force was smaller.

Influence of Xiaokekang on Renal Function in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the changes of glyeemia, urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic nephropathy rats and treating effects of Xiaokekang. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) was abdominally administered and was feeded by high lipid diet to establish diabetic nephropathy model in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: model group, Xiaokekang treatment group and normal group. Changes in glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen were measured at the 8th, 12th and 16th week after STZ injection. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured at the 16th weeks after STZ injection. Results: Glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine were higher at the 8th, 12th and 16th week compared with normal group. Serum creatinine was higher at the 12th and 16th week, and glycosylated hemoglobin was also highter than that of the normal group. Xiaokekang reduced these changes. Conclusion: Xiaokekang can reduce glycemia, serum lipids and protect renal function.

Influential factors of dynamic characteristics of the ankle joint / 中国组织工程研究

Thirty-four articles about the biomechanical characters of ankle joint dated between January 1989 and October 2007 weresearched in Medline and Elsevier SDOS databases to analyze and review the influential factors for dynamic characters of the anklejoint. The kinetics characters of the ankle joint include: The absolute value of the kinetics character of female is smaller than that ofthe male. However, there are few differences or even no differences between them for the relative value of the kinetics character. Thekinetics characters of the ankle joint become weak as the aging of adults. Foot length and instep height have great impact on thekinetics character of the ankle joint. The kinetics characters of the anklebone will change with its angular velocity. Thesuper-isometric concentric-eccentric contraction shows the best effect in strength training on the ankle joint. There are many factorsthat influence the dynamic characters of the ankle joint, and partial conclusions are still uncertain.

Hospital Infections in Patients after Neck Dissection and Nursing Intervention / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors and nursing protective measures controlling hospital infection in patients after neck dissection. METHODS The data of 116 patients after neck dissection from Aug 2000 to Aug 2005 were collected, and the hospital infection condition was analyzed in comparison with non-infection group. RESULTS Hospital infection rate was 18.97% (22/116) and case-time rate was 21.55%(25/116). Of 25 occasions in hospital infections, 48% were infection of operative incision and 24% were infection of respiratory tract. The risk factors for hospital infection in patients with neck dissection might be associated with patient's duration of hospitalization, history of chronic disease , age and invasive operation. CONCLUSIONS There is a high hospital infection incidence rate in patients after neck dissection , it is necessary to monitor high risk patients.

Comparison of the Content of Polysaccharide in the Body and in the Root of Pseudostellaria Heterophylla / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To compare the polysaccharide content of pseudostellaria heterophylla which produced in various areas and in different parts of them. Methods The polysaccharide content of pseudostellaria heterophylla was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Results The polysaccharide content of pseudostellaria heterophylla produced in Fujian is the highest, Jiangsu and Guizhou are second-class. The polysaccharide content has some disparity in the bodies and in the roots of pseudostellaria heterophylla. Conclusions The polysaccharide content in the bodies differs 1.96% with that in the roots. This experiment provides theory foundation for scientific preparation of pseudostellaria heterophylla.