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Background: Respiratory tract lesions are commonest for which patients attend the chest clinics. The lesions may be inflammatory or neoplastic. Materials and methods: 594 patients attending to chest clinics and admitted in Government General and Chest Hospital Hyderabad during the period of 2 years from September 2006 to August 2008 were included. All of the patients with clear cut evidence of tuberculosis and pneumonia were excluded from the study. Results: Majority of patients were in the age group of 41-60 years. Youngest patient was 20 years. Males were 443 (74.57%) and females were 151 (25.43%). Commonest presentation was cough with expectoration 567 (94.45%) followed by fever 101 (17.0%), chest pain 84 (14.14%), hemoptysis 57 (9.59%), Shortness of breath 51 (8.58%) and weight loss 34 (5.72%). Conclusion: In the present study even though malignancy was proved with positive cytologic examination by identifying the malignant nature of the cells, the typing of cell was difficult in some cases, but was excellent with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.
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Introduction: For medical students, second year is crucial, as they enter the clinical postings for the first time and are taught about the pathogenesis of disease, which will enable the students understand medicine with better concept. It is an agreed fact that regular reviewing of teaching learning methods of the teachers is necessary for improvement. Hence to find out the perception regarding the didactic lecture method being followed, the present study was conducted using feedback in form of questionnaire from students. Materials and methods: 197 II year MBBS students appearing for their Part II final university exams were asked to fill up the structured pre-validated feedback questionnaire regarding the didactic lecture method of teaching being followed at pathology department. Questionnaire included set of questions on T/L methods and on the changes recommended. Descriptive statistics were used in the form of frequency distribution and percentages were used to analyze the data. Results: Study showed female preponderance. Majority of the students found the subject to be interesting and agreed that knowledge about pathology helps in clinical posting. 35.53% of the students found general pathology to be difficult subject. Students were satisfied with clinical correlation, content and explanation given to clarify the subject during the lectures. Most of the students agreed that they were encouraged to asked questions and give answers during lectures, and were satisfied with the delivery and pace of lecture. Readability, usefulness and innovative methods S. S. S. Quadri, Shyamala Srujana, S Mahesh, B. Bheeshma. Undergraduate medical students’ feedback and perceptions on teaching learning methodology in Pathology at Government Medical College. IAIM, 2016; 3(7): 28-35. Page 29 during lecture presentation were found to be satisfactory. 56.33% of students agreed that didactic lecture is a very effective teaching learning method. Majority of the students felt the strong need for introduction of integrated teaching, case based and group discussion. Conclusion: Taking feedbacks from the students is one of the accepted and reliable methods of assessment. Majority of the students were satisfied with the present teaching learning method. Introduction of integrated teaching and case based and group based discussion was favored by majority of the students.
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Background: Perimenopausal bleeding is one of the commonest conditions for which patients come to the gynecological outpatient department. The prevalence increases with age peaking just before menopause. Anovulatory cycles causing excessive, uncontrolled and prolonged bleeding, irrespective of the etiology, are the commonest cause for such bleeding in the perimenopausal women. Perimenopause is 2-8 years proceeding and 1 year after menopause. It occurs in women between the ages of 40 to 50 years. Aim: To evaluate the histomorphological profile of Endometrial Biopsies of 200 women with perimenopausal bleeding coming to the Gynaecological outpatient Department Gandhi Hospital, from January to December, 2015. Materials and methods: Endometrial curettings were obtained from 200 women clinically diagnosed to have perimenopausal bleeding. The curettings were fixed in 10% formalin, which were then processed. The slides were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and their histomorphological pattern was noted. Results: Out of a total of 387 cases with dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), 200 cases had perimenopausal bleeding. Most of the patients were between 46 to 50 years of age. The most important cause of perimenopausal bleeding was proliferative endometrium seen in 85 cases, followed by secretory endometrium in 49 cases. We had 36 cases of fibroids, 16 cases of simple hyperplasia, 5 cases of endometrial polyps, 4 cases of complex hyperplasia without atypia, 3 cases of complex hyperplasia with atypia and 2 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Conclusion: Perimenopausal bleeding is common between the ages of 40 to 50 years, with a peak in the ages between 46 to 50 years. Though the commonest histomorphological profile of the endometrial curettings obtained from such patients was proliferative phase, there were cases of hyperplasia’s both simple and complex with atypia. There were 2 cases of endometrial carcinomas.
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Background: The evaluation of data of prevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections (TTIS) among blood donors permits an assessment of infections in donor population and consequently the safety of collected donations. It also gives an idea of the epidemiology of these infections in the community. Aim: To find out the seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections, namely HIV, HBV and HCV, among voluntary and replacement donors, coming to the Department of Transfusion Medicine at Gandhi Hospital. Materials and methods: Total of 16,872 units of blood were collected from voluntary and replacement donors during the study period from January 2014 to December 2015. All blood samples were screened for (HIV) Human Immuno deficiency Virus, (HBV) Hepatitis B Virus and (HCV) Hepatitis C Virus. Results: out of the total of 16,872 units of blood donors, replacement donors were (91.6%) more compared to voluntary donors (8.4%). The seroprevalence of TTI was 1.85% in total donors. The seroprevalence of HIV was 0.18% in total donors. No voluntary donor was found to be reactive for HIV. The seroprevalence for HbsAg was more in replacement donors (1.58%) as compared to voluntary donors (0.04%). The seroprevalence of HCV was 0.10% and no voluntary donors were reactive. Conclusion: The prevalence of TTI was more in replacement donors when compared to voluntary donors. Hence, more emphasis should be given to motivation of voluntary donors.
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Background: Hemoglobinopathies are genetically acquired diseases. When present in new-born and in children they need to be treated and can be life threatening many a times. In the adults they can be asymptomatic and can manifest as disease during stress. They may present with other signs and symptoms not related to hemoglobinopathies. Aim: To perform Hemoglobin (Hb) Electrophoresis to detect Hemoglobinopathies in patients not presenting with hematological problems coming to the Medical OPD at Gandhi Hospital. Materials and methods: 3 ml Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) whole blood was collected from cubital fossa from patients and Hb Electrophoresis was carried out on BIORAD - D10 Results: Hb Electrophoresis of a total of 464 patients were carried out over a period of six months (July to December 2015) and14 cases of Sickle Cell Trait, 16 cases of Thalassemia Trait, 1 case of Hb E trait , 1 case of sickle cell disease and 1 case of sickle cell disease with low Hb A2 levels were identified. Conclusion: Hemoglobinopathies can present themselves in the adults without symptoms related to red blood cell disorders. So when Patients present themselves with other symptoms and are not being relieved of their complaints by the conventional treatment, Hb Electrophoresis can help in identifying the hemoglobinopathies, especially when the Hb is normal or near normal for that age and sex of the patient.