Objective evaluation of otolithic end organs in sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the function of the otolithic end organs and their input pathways in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty cases of unilateral SSHL were enrolled as the observing group from May, 2011 to May, 2012. Thirty age- and gender-matched normal subjects were recruited as the control group. Both patients and normal subjects underwent conventional air-conducted ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) in bilateral ears. The results were compared between the affected ears, the contralateral ears and the normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, oVEMP was elicited in 16 affected ears (40.0%), 23 contralateral ears (57.5%) and 43 normal ears (71.7%). cVEMP could be elicited in 25 affected ears (62.5%), 30 contralateral ears (75.0%) and 49 normal ears (81.7%) respectively. Significant statistical significance could be found in the oVEMP response rate between the affected ears and the normal ears (χ(2) = 9.949, P = 0.002) and in the cVEMP response rate between the affected ears and the normal ears (χ(2) = 4.582, P = 0.032). Significant statistical difference could not be found in all oVEMP and cVEMP parameters (threshold, N1 latency, P1 latency, latency interval and amplitude) among groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The otolithic vestibular end organs and their input pathways could be damaged in SSHL patients. Such damages could be monitored objectively by cVEMP and oVEMP examinations.</p>

Characteristics of the air-conducted ocular evoked myogenic potential in the young normal Chinese subjects / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the characteristics of the air-conducted ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) in the young normal Chinese subjects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty five normal subjects were recruited for conventional examinations of oVEMP. The subjects were 19 - 45 years of age [(24.3 ± 5.6) years], 12 males and 13 females. 500 Hz air-conducted tone burst was employed for examination. The threshold of oVEMP in each ear was examined; patterns of these waves were observed and the normal ranges of the oVEMP waves responded to 100 dBnHL were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All subjects were elicited with normal oVEMP N1-P1 waves in both ears. The response rate in these subjects was 100%. The threshold of oVEMP examination was (86.6 ± 3.6) dBnHL (x(-) ± s), latency N1 (10.1 ± 0.4) ms, latency P1 (14.7 ± 1.2) ms, interval N1-P1 (4.5 ± 1.0) ms, amplitude (7.9 ± 4.4) µV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Air-conducted oVEMP is a kind of vestibular-ocular reflex respond to intensive sound generated by otolithic vestibular end organs. It is stable in the young normal subjects with minor variabilities.</p>

Colonic sac duct for first-stage repair of colon anastomotic leakage in miniature pigs / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy, safety and reliability of colonic sac duct for first-stage repair of colorectal anastomotic leakage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An animal model of colon anastomotic leakage was established in 30 Tibet miniature pigs, which were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (n=15). Colon anastomotic leakage in the treatment group was repaired using the colonic sac duct, while the control group received conventional surgical repair. At 7, 14, and 21 days after the surgery, the healing of the anastomotic leakage was evaluated by examining the bursting pressure, tissue microvessel density and hydroxyproline content at the anastomosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using the colonic sac duct, the anastomotic leakage was successfully repaired without death of the pigs or the occurrence of intestinal stenosis or necrosis. At 7 and 14 days after the surgery, the bursting pressure, hydroxyproline contents, and microvessel density in the treatment groups were higher than those in the control group, but such difference was not found at 21 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Colonic sac duct allows effective repair of colon anastomotic leakage, and is especially useful for leakage lasting for 48-72 h complicated by severe abdominal infection.</p>

Theory of local inflammatory infiltration and irritation in the pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the deep pathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The temporal bone slides of 12 ears with retraction pocket were histopathologically studied under microscope, especially focusing on the location of retraction pocket and inflammatory pathology in the local middle ear cavity next to retraction pockets. The temporal bone slides of 11 ears with acquired cholesteatoma were histopathologically observed and 33 cases diagnosed as acquired cholesteatoma were clinically observed observed in the local middle ear cavity next to the part without retraction pocket of eardrum. The results of pathological observation of the temporal bone slides with acquired cholesteatoma and clinical observation during operation for acquired cholesteatoma show that cholesteatoma invade mainly and occupied the ossicular chain eara of the middle ear cleft.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the pathological process of otitis media, the intractable pathological changes in the ossicular chain area can inward adhere posterosuperior quadrant or pars flaccida of the eardrum to form retraction pocket and permanently infiltrate the external squamous epithelial layer of retraction pocket to excessively proliferate and keratinize, leading to formation of acquired cholesteatoma.</p>

The relationship between TNF-? and chronic otitis media / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To observe the expression and localiz at ion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) of granulation tissue and chole steatoma in chronic otitis media, and explore its relationship with chronic otit is media. Methods The expression of TNF-? was observe d by immunohistochemical method in cholesteatoma, granulation tissue and normal external ear canal skin in 42 cases with chronic otitis media. Results The level of TNF-? in the group of the sample s including cholesteatoma and granulation tissue increased significantly (P