Síndrome de Cogan típico: a propósito de un caso / Typical Cogan’s syndrome: report of a case

Introducción: El síndrome de Cogan es una entidad poco frecuente, de origen autoinmune.Se caracteriza por queratitis intersticial no sifilítica asociada a síntomasaudiovestibulares similares al síndrome de Ménière. Los primeros síntomas ocularesincluyen enrojecimiento y fotofobia, a los que se puede agregar conjuntivitis o uveítis.Objetivo: Presentar un caso de síndrome de Cogan típico y describir las principalescaracterísticas de la entidad.Caso clínico: Varón, 32 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos. Consulta por cuadro de cuatrodías de evolución caracterizado por dolor ocular e inyección conjuntival. Diagnosticadoen un comienzo con sinusitis y conjuntivitis aguda y se maneja como tal. Alpersistir sintomatología se hospitaliza a la semana evidenciándose fiebre, inyecciónconjuntival bilateral y a los pocos días hipoacusia. Los exámenes de laboratorio destacanleucocitosis, trombocitosis, PCR, VHS e IgA elevadas. Autoanticuerpos y estudiopara VIH y VHC negativos, TAC de cerebro y cavidades paranasales normales. Evaluadopor oftalmología y otorrinolaringología, describiéndose hiperemia conjuntival yquemosis, e hipoacusia neurosensorial de probable origen autoinmune, respectivamente.Evaluado por reumatología, se plantea síndrome de Cogan típico. Se indicaprednisona 1 mg/kg/día, metilprednisolona por dos días y metotrexato semanal, conbuena respuesta. Evoluciona con disminución de cefalea, de compromiso ocular ehipoacusia, afebril, dándose de alta con prednisona y metotrexato. Control al mesdel alta, paciente asintomático, se mantiene tratamiento. Control en oftalmología20 días después, objetivándose leve edema corneal, por lo que se indica tratamientotópico...

Background: Cogan’s syndrome is a rare entity of autoimmune origin. It is characterizedby non-syphilitic interstitial keratitis associated with audiovestibular symptomssimilar to Meniere’s syndrome. Early symptoms include eye redness and photophobia,which can be added conjunctivitis or uveitis.Objective: To report a case of typical Cogan’s syndrome and describe the main featuresof the entity.Case report: Male, 32, no morbid history. Consults for story of 4 days of evolutioncharacterized by eye pain and conjunctival injection. Initially diagnosed with sinusitisand acute conjunctivitis and handled as such. By persisting symptoms is hospitalizeda week later demonstrating fever, bilateral conjunctival injection and in a few dayshearing loss. Laboratory tests include leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and elevatedPCR, VHS and IgA. Autoantibodies, HIV and HCV study were negative, brain and sinusesCT normal. Reviewed by ophthalmology and otolaryngology, describing conjunctivalhyperemia and chemosis, and sensorineural hearing loss of probable autoimmuneorigin, respectively. Evaluated by rheumatology, typical Cogan’s syndrome arises. It isindicated prednisone 1 mg/kg/day, methylprednisolone for 2 days and weekly methotrexate,with good response. Evolves with decreased in headache, eye commitmentand hearing loss, afebrile, was discharged with prednisone and methotrexate. Controla month after discharge, asymptomatic, treatment is maintained. Control 20 days laterin ophthalmology, objectifying mild corneal edema, so topical treatment indicated...

Artritis seronegativas: reexamen del diagnóstico inicial y pronóstico al cabo de 10 años / Seronegative arthritis: diagnosis and prognostic reassessment after 10 years

Seronegative arthritides are a heterogeneous group of diseases that includes rheumatoid arthritis with negative rheumatoid factor. Between 1980 and 1984 we studied 38 patients with seronegative arthritis. Thirty of these patients were reassessed in 1994 after 9 or 20 years of evolution. Seventeen patients had a diagnosis of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis; this diagnosis was maintained in 12, changed to seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in 3, to psoriatic arthritis in 1 and connective tissue disease in 1. Thirteen patients had a diagnosis of undifferentiated arthritis; in 1994 the diagnosis was maintained in 3, 7 patients were diagnosed as having a sppondyloarthropathy, 2 as having a reactive arthritis and 1 as having a connective tissue disease. In 1994, nine patients fulfilled the 1991 criteria for spondyloarthritis and 6 of these did so on admission. Six of 12 patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis had an active disease or used antiinflammatory drugs and 64 percent had erosions on hand X ray examination. These figures are in contrast with the enigm evolution classically attributed to this disease and agree with recent reports. The usefulness of classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis in the initial assessment of patients with seronegative arthritis is emphasized