Stratospheric ozone in the perspectives of exploratory data analysis for Pakistan atmospheric regions

In order to study physical behavior of Stratospheric ozone in Pakistan's atmospheric regions [PARs], the Exploratory Data Analysis [EDA] is performed. Using this analysis Probabilistic and mean deviation models are developed to study the ozone layer depletion for Pakistan Atmospheric Regions. These models provided a comprehensive description of the underlying process. The information attained from these forecasts by analyzing these models, can be further employed to vary possible parameters and variables in the physical system to achieve an optimal performance. Such an approach is well explained within the likelihood of computational analysis. The models presented in this paper along with their physical interpretations are very useful for public and private sector organizations

Advanced maternal grandmother age and maternal age as risk factors for down syndrome in a group of Jordanian families

To study whether advanced maternal age and maternal grandmother age are associated with increased risk of Down syndrome siblings in a group of Jordanian families. This study was conducted on 127 confirmed Down syndrome cases with the age range of 18 weeks gestation to 15 years old, which were referred between the period of 2005-2008 for cytogenetic analysis at the Cytogentics section, Princess Iman Research and Laboratory Sciences Center/King Hussein Medical Center. Maternal and grandmaternal mother ages were obtained directly from the study group when the samples were collected from siblings. The maternal age ranged between 19-45 years while the maternal grandmother's age ranged between 15-49 years. One hundred healthy families were randomly recruited from the hospital staff as a control group. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. One hundred seventeen down syndrome cases had free trisomy 21,7 with translocation, 2 mosaic and one with double aneuploidy [47,XXY, +21]. Fifteen cases were diagnosed prenatally while 112 were diagnosed postnatally. The effect of maternal age and maternal grandmother age were found to be significant using logistic regression statistics [P = 0.001; OR= 2.816; 95% CI, 1.48-5.33] for the mother's age and [P = 0.001; OR= 2.902; 95%CI, 1.521-5.53] for the grandmother's age. Advanced maternal and maternal grandmother ages are risk factors for Down syndrome. More studies and investigations are needed for better understanding of the biological factors responsible for the proper meiotic segregation of germ cells during the fetal development of the embryo in advanced maternal and grandmother's age

CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma in leukemic phase: a case report

Patients with Ki [CD3O] positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma occasionally have rare circulating lymphoma cells. This report describes a case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma with prominent leukemic phase. A 61 years old man presented with widespread anaplastic large cell lymphoma involving lymph nodes, skin, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. His white blood count was 241.500/mm with 82% lymphoma cells. The circulating neoplastic cells were large and had irregular nuclei, multiple small nucleoli, and multiple clear cytoplasmic vacuoles. This case illustrates that anaplastic large cell lymphoma may have a marked leukemic phase of large anaplastic cells

Post-laminectomy failed back. Review of Literature and management

Out of 66 patients with previous laminectomy, 26 with post laminectomy failed back syndrome were included in this study. Five had severe low back pain, ten had low back pain with claudicating pain in legs and 11 had low back pain and radicular pain in legs. It was concluded that patients in whom treatment for back pain had failed were frequently severely disabled and represented enormous cost. The study demonstrated that operative correction of failed back syndrome can result in a decrease in symptoms and can restore patients in a functional lifestyle in reasonable percentage. Also, outcome of repeated surgery of lumbar spine was not related to number of previous operations but to nature of these operations

Anesthetic management of diabetic patients undergoing major surgery using glucose insulin potassium infusion a study of thirty cases

Thirty diabetic patients undergoing major elective surgery were studied to assess the effectiveness of a regimen of glucose - insulin - potassium infusion at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Out of the 30 patients studied, 25 were non insulin dependent and 5 insulin dependent. During surgery 24 out of 30 patients [80%] had acceptable glycaemic control i.e. mean blood glucose levels in the range of 90-216 mg/100 ml with neither clinical nor biochemical evidence of hypoglycemia or hyperglycaemia. Post operatively, the mean blood glucose level on the day of operation was acceptable in 19 patients [63.33%]. During this study, no patient had clinical or biochemical hypoglycemia, neither was there any incidence of serious morbidity or mortality attributable to problems with diabetic control. Glucose insulin potassium infusion was found to be satisfactory for managing diabetics during major surgery