Socio-demographic risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus

The objective of the study was to report the socio demographic risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]. This study was conducted in the Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar. In this study 103 GDM and 97 healthy pregnant women [HPW] were registered in Khyber Teaching Hospital [KTH], Peshawar, Pakistan. Women with gestational diabetes were diagnosed with 75mg Oral Glucose Tolerance Test [OGTT]. Data was collected through questionnaire which had information about sociodemographic risk factors. Maternal age, BMI and parity of GDM were significantly higher at P < 0.05 as compared to HPW. Previous history of gestational diabetes and family history of diabetes of GDM women were also significantly higher at P < 0.001 as compared the control group. Socioecnomic status, education level and occupations of GDM and HPW were not significantly different. Maternal age, BMI, parity, previous history of gestational diabetes and family history of diabetes are the high risk factors of GDM. Socioeconomic status does not affect the prevalence of GDM

Effect of gestational diabetes on blood sugar, liver and renal function tests

Type 2 diabetes adversely affects the liver and kidney function tests. This study was conducted to determine that either the liver and kidney functions are disturbed in the patients having gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]. One hundred and three women with GDM, and 97 healthy pregnant women [HPW] in their third trimester were registered in the Obs/Gyn Unit of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar in the time period Apr-Sep 2012. Blood sugar level, glycosylated haemoglobin status HbA1c, haemoglobin concentration, platelet count, liver function tests including alanine amino transferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and bilirubin, renal function tests including urea and creatinine were determined. Blood glucose level and HbA1c of GDM was significantly higher [p<0.001] than HPW. Fasting and random blood glucose and HbA1c of GDM and HPW were 110.90 +/- 9.10 vs 84.68 +/- 7.01 mg/dl, 148.53 +/- 7.21 vs 124.42 +/- 9.46 mg/dl and 6.49 +/- 1.20 vs 4.99 +/- 0.55 respectively. Haemoglobin percentage, platelet count, ALT, ALP, serum bilirubin and urea were not significantly different among the two groups. However, mean serum creatinine [0.82 +/- 0.32 mg/dl] in GDM was significantly higher [p<0.05] than in HPW [0.74 +/- 0.15 mg/dl]. In gestational diabetes the LFTs may not be disturbed, however serum creatinine value is increased.