Immediate placement and loading of implants in anterior maxilla using an altered screw-retained implant fixed prosthesis.

This article describes the immediate placement and loading of implants in the aesthetic zone using an implant-retained, fixed prosthesis with a modified design. One section of the implant prosthesis has cemented crowns and the other section is the conventional screw-retained. This combined approach significantly offsets the unsuitable implant position, alignment or angulation, while ensuring the easy retrievability, repair and maintenance of the prosthesis at the same time.

Fixed rehabilitation of patient with aggressive periodontitis using zygoma implants.

Treatment of patients with aggressive periodontitis has always been a challenge to the clinician. Both young and old are known to be affected by this progressive destructive condition of the supporting dental structures. Although dental implants have been offered as a viable treatment alternative for such patients, additional procedures (like bone grafting) and delayed protocols have limited their usage. This case report describes the treatment of a young patient with aggressive periodontitis using a graftless implant solution. Zygoma implants in conjunction with conventional implants were used with immediate loading.

Oral Candida species in healthy and HIV-infected subjects in Chennai, South India

Objective: Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - infected individuals. As there is sparse data on the oral <I>Candida</I> species in HIV- infected individuals in India, we characterized <I>Candida</I> species from the oral cavity in two cohorts - with and without HIV infection and with presence or absence of clinical oral candidiasis, in Chennai, South India.<br>Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 147 consecutive study participants by the oral rinse technique. <I>Candidal</I> species were isolated by culturing specimens on Sabouraud‘s dextrose agar. The pure cultures so derived were speciated using the commercially available ID32C system, and the results were interpreted using APILAB plus software.<br>Results: In the HIV seropositive group, the most commonly isolated candida species was <I>C.albicans</I> (86%) followed by <I>C.tropicalis</I> (23%), <I>C.guilliermondi</I> (6%), <I>C.krusei</I> (5%) and others (4%). In the healthy cohort without clinical candidiasis, C.tropicalis was the most commonly isolated species.<br>Conclusion: There appears to be a marked variation in oral <I>Candida</I> species found in HIV-seropositive and seronegative individuals in India. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to identify oral Candida species in a South Indian population.

Areca nut use in rural Tamil Nadu: a growing threat.

BACKGROUND: Areca nut is the fourth main psychoactive substance in the world. In India, tobacco is added to the quid and the commercially manufactured nonperishable forms of betel quid (pan masala or gutkha) are on the rise in the market. OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of areca nut among the rural residents of Sriperambudur Taluk. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A community-based survey using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was conducted in 2 villages and their colonies, which were randomly selected out of 168 villages. Data was collected from 500 residents of the study population. The survey was conducted for a period of 2 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS version 10.0. RESULTS: The study participants were more likely to initiate areca nut use by 22 years of age. As many as 19.8% (n = 99) of the study participants chewed areca nut products, out of whom 11.2% (n = 56) indulged in chewing habit alone (areca nut products). Areca nut use was higher among male study subjects compared to females. The commercial forms of areca nut products (gutkha) were the most prevalent ones [47.5% (n = 47) of those who used areca nut] observed in the community. Compared to female participants, male participants were more likely to perceive areca nut use as the most harmful habit draining the community health and wealth. CONCLUSION: There seems to be an increase in the prevalence of areca nut use. The community also perceives it to be a harmful habit. Therefore, effective interventions should be targeted towards the high-risk subpopulation of the community to decrease the prevalence of areca nut use in rural Tamil Nadu.