Prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension among Urban and Rural School Going Children.

This school based cross sectional study was done to estimate the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among apparently healthy school children in urban and rural Mysore. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 2.9% and 2.8% in urban children and 2.8% and 2% in rural children with no statistically significant difference between them.

Prevalence of Prediabetes in School-Going Children.

school children in Mysore city. Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Children aged 5-10 years from three schools in Mysore city were included. Study was done over a period of 1 year during 2006-2007. Participants: 726 children (59.8% males). Main Outcome: Prevalence of prediabetes. Prediabetes was defined as fasting blood sugar level between 100-125 mg/dL. Results: The prevalence of prediabetes was 3.7%. No statistically significant association was observed with major risk factors of diabetes. Conclusions: Efforts must be made to recognize type 2 diabetes in the asymptomatic prediabetes state.

Comparative Study of Dot Enzyme Immunoassay (Typhidot-M) and Widal Test in the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever.

We compared the sensitivity and specificity of Typhidot-M and Widal test with blood culture (gold standard) for diagnosing typhoid fever in 105 children aged 1-15 years admitted with clinical suspicion of typhoid fever. Of the 105 cases, blood culture was positive for S.typhi in 41 (39%) children, Widal test was positive in 48 (45.7%) and Typhidot-M was positive in 78 (74.3%) cases. Sensitivity and specificity of Typhidot-M was 92.6% and 37.5% while sensitivity and specificity of Widal test was 34.1% and 42.8%, respectively. In children with fever of less than 7 days duration, Typhidot-M was positive in 97%, compared to 24.2% by Widal test. Typhidot-M is a simple and sensitive test for early diagnosis of typhoid fever in children.