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1.
Rev. biol. trop ; 66(2): 799-813, abr.-jun. 2018. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-977346

RESUMO

Abstract Tropical forests have undergone extensive transformation because of increasing tourism development, in addition to historic clearing for agricultural and cattle grazing activities. Altogether, these activities have had an important effect on bird diversity, reducing the habitat available to many species. In this study, the role of tropical forest remnants located between different land use types was evaluated for species diversity, composition, and distribution of the bird community at Akumal region in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Point counts were used to quantify the avifauna by habitat, and Shannon´s and Simpson´s diversity index were used to determine bird diversity. Additionally, bird species were classified according to seasonality and trophic guild by type of habitat. A total of 160 species and 50 families was recorded, of which 100 species were permanent residents, 47 winter visitors and 11 transients. Mature tropical forest and tropical forest remnants had higher species richness than those of modified environments. This study supports the importance of tropical forest remnants as shelters for bird species in landscapes with tourism developments, and the relevance of these remnants to maintaining high bird diversity. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 799-813. Epub 2018 June 01.


Resumen Los bosques tropicales han sufrido una transformación extensa debido al aumento de los desarrollos turísticos, además de la compensación histórica de las actividades agrícolas y de pastoreo del ganado. En conjunto, estas actividades han tenido un efecto importante en la diversidad de aves, reduciendo el hábitat disponible para muchas especies. En este estudio, se evaluó el papel de los remanentes de bosque tropical para la diversidad de especies y composición de la comunidad de aves ubicados en diferentes tipos de uso de suelo en la región de Akumal en Quintana Roo, México. Se utilizaron puntos de conteo para caracterizar la avifauna por hábitat, y se utilizó el índice de diversidad de Shannon y Simpson para determinar la diversidad de aves. Además, las especies de aves se clasificaron según la estacionalidad y el gremio alimenticio. Se registraron 160 especies, distribuidas entre 50 familias; 100 especies fueron residentes permanentes, 47 visitantes de invierno y 11 transitorias. El bosque tropical maduro y remanentes de bosque tropical tuvieron una mayor riqueza de especies y valores de diversidad que los ambientes modificados. La composición de las especies de aves de los remanentes de bosque tropical fue similar a la del bosque tropical maduro, pero mayor que los ambientes modificados. Este estudio demuestra la importancia de los remanentes forestales tropicales como refugios y corredores biológicos en paisajes con desarrollos turísticos, y la relevancia de estos remanentes en el mantenimiento de una alta diversidad de aves.


Assuntos
Animais , Aves , Florestas , Gestão Ambiental , Refúgio de Vida Selvagem , Turismo , México
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 58(1): 511-528, mar. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-637839

RESUMO

Bird biodiversity in natural and modified habitats in a landscape of the Central Depression of Chiapas, Mexico. In many parts of the neotropics, the original habitats are rapidly changing because of excessive logging, agriculture and livestock activity, with an often negative impact on bird communities. I present an analysis of the diversity and richness of birds in a fragmented landscape of the Central Chiapas Depression. Fieldwork was conducted from February 2003 to January 2004. Using point counts, a total of 35 families and 225 bird species were registered (164 residents and 61 migratory); 3% are abundant and 30% rare. Diversity, species richness and number of individuals were significantly higher in tropical deciduous forest (H´=3.41, 178 species ANOVA p<0.0001), which also had the greatest number of species restricted to a single vegetation type (39 species). The incorporation and maintenance of natural and modified habitats are necessary for the survival and reproduction of many birds species in the study area. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (1): 511-528. Epub 2010 March 01.


Se presenta un análisis de la diversidad y riqueza de aves en un paisaje fragmentado en la Depresión Central de Chiapas. El trabajo de campo se realizó de febrero de 2003 a enero de 2004. Se utilizó el método de conteo por puntos, registrando un total 35 familias y 225 especies de aves. Del total de especies registradas 164 son residentes y 61migratorias. El 3% de las especies son abundantes y el 30% son raras. Se presentaron diferencias significativas en la diversidad, riqueza de especies y número de individuos entre los hábitats de estudio (ANOVA p<0.0001). La diversidad y riqueza de especies fue significativamente mayor en el bosque tropical caducifolio (H´=3.41, 178 especies), presentando también el mayor número de especies exclusivas (39). La incorporación y mantenimiento de hábitats naturales y modificados son necesarios para la supervivencia y reproducción de muchas especies de aves en el área de estudio.


Assuntos
Animais , Biodiversidade , Aves/classificação , Ecossistema , Aves/fisiologia , México , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional
3.
Rev. biol. trop ; 55(1): 287-299, Mar. 2007. mapas, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-501473

RESUMO

Knowledge of the composition of the bird community in Alto Balsas (southwestern Puebla, Central Mexico) is needed for management programs aiming at protection and conservation of bird species and their habitats I studied sites with tropical deciduous forest. Data were obtained during 1666 hours of field work in 238 days from March 1998 to September 2000. Six permanent transect (3.5 km long and 100 m wide; 30 to 40 ha in each transect) were used to determine species richness in the study sites. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated for each site and Sorensen's index was used to assess similarity between sites. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for differences between sites in species richness and diversity values. A total of 128 species were recorded, Tepexco (n=75, H' = 3.76) and Puente Márquez (n=61, H' = 3.62) were the sites that showed the greatest specific richness and diversity. However, species richness and diversity seasonally patterns were similar among sites (ANOVA p > 0.05), with highest diversity during the rainy season. Most species were resident; 42 were migrants. The avifauna was represented by 30 species associated with tropical deciduous forest and 12 from open habitats or heavily altered habitats. Insectivores were the best represented trophic category, followed by carnivores and omnivores.


Assuntos
Animais , Aves/classificação , Biodiversidade , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional , Ecossistema , Estações do Ano , México
4.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 6(2): 0-0, 2006. graf, mapas, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-447607

RESUMO

Con el fin de comparar la composición de las comunidades de aves y su posible interrelación, se realizaron muestreos mensuales entre Enero-Diciembre de 2002 en la Reserva de la Biosfera Montes Azules (REBIMA) y áreas adyacentes, Chiapas, México. Los datos fueron generados durante 48 días de observaciones de campo en un área de 60 ha por sitio. Se registraron 133 especies que representan el 36 por ciento de las especies de aves reportadas para la REBIMA. La mayor riqueza de especies de aves fue registrada en el sitio 1 (sitio con selva intacta ubicado en la REBIMA, 113 spp). El sitio 1 mostró una mayor similitud con el sitio 4 (sitio con el 50 por ciento de vegetación original, IS = 0,89). El 80 por ciento de las especies fueron residentes y el gremio mejor representado fue el de las especies insectívoras (47 spp). Los sitios presentaron los mismos gremios alimenticios con diferencias en su riqueza y abundancia de especies. Algunas especies de aves parecen responder de forma diferente al grado de fragmentación y transformación del hábitat, por lo que se presenta una variación en la riqueza y en la composición de las comunidades de aves en los diferentes sitios. Sin embargo, a pesar del limitado esfuerzo de muestreo, la riqueza avifaunística registrada en este estudio demostró que los hábitats secundarios juegan un papel importante en la persistencia de las especies de aves en ecosistemas tropicales.


In order to compare the bird communities' composition and their possible relationships, I sampled monthly from January to December 2002 in the Biosphere Reserve Montes Azules (REBIMA) and adjacent areas, Chiapas, Mexico. Data were obtained during 48 days of fieldwork in an area of 60 ha by site. I recorded 133 species, which represent 36 percent of the total number of species reported for the REBIMA. Highest species richness was found in the site 1 (well preserved forest with 113 spp). High similarity between the sites 1 and 4 were found (this last with 50 percent original vegetation, IS = 0.89). Approximately 80 percent of the species were residents; and insectivores were the best represented trophic guild (47 spp). All feeding guilds were represented in all sites showing differences in species richness and abundance. Variation in the richness and composition of bird communities among different sizes was due to the fact that some species may demonstrate a different response to the degree of forest fragmentation and habitat transformation. However, in spite of limited sampling efforts, the bird richness suggests that secondary habitats play an important role in the persistence of species in tropical ecosystems.


Assuntos
Ecologia/classificação , Ecologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Fauna/análise , Fauna/classificação , Flora/análise , Flora/efeitos adversos
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