Developmental Hypothyroidism Influences the Development of the Entorhinal-Dentate Gyrus Pathway of Rat Offspring

Background@#Developmental hypothyroidism impairs learning and memory in offspring, which depend on extensive neuronal circuits in the entorhinal cortex, together with the hippocampus and neocortex. The entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway is the main entrance of memory circuits. We investigated whether developmental hypothyroidism impaired the morphological development of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway. @*Methods@#We examined the structure and function of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway in response to developmental hypothyroidism induced using 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole. @*Results@#1,1´-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3´,3´-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate tract tracing indicated that entorhinal axons showed delayed growth in reaching the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus at postnatal days 2 and 4 in hypothyroid conditions. The proportion of fibers in the outer molecular layer was significantly smaller in the hypothyroid group than in the euthyroid group at postnatal day 4. At postnatal day 10, the pathway showed a layer-specific distribution in the outer molecular layer, similar to the euthyroid group. However, the projected area of entorhinal axons was smaller in the hypothyroid group than in the euthyroid group. An electrophysiological examination showed that hypothyroidism impaired the long-term potentiation of the perforant and the cornu ammonis 3–cornu ammonis 1 pathways. Many repulsive axon guidance molecules were involved in the formation of the entorhinaldentate gyrus pathway. The hypothyroid group had higher levels of erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte ligand A3 and semaphorin 3A than the euthyroid group. @*Conclusion@#We demonstrated that developmental hypothyroidism might influence the development of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway, contributing to impaired long-term potentiation. These findings improve our understanding of neural mechanisms for memory function.

An FT 3/FT 4 ratio greater than 0.4 is helpful in differentiating Graves′ disease from subacute thyroiditis / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To search for the clinical indicators in differentiating Graves′ disease from subacute thyroiditis (SAT).Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on thyroid function measurement of 265 cases of newly diagnosed Graves′ disease, 76 cases of SAT with thyrotoxicosis, 100 cases of non-toxic thyroid nodules, 105 cases of autoimmune thyroid diseases with normal thyroid function, and 151 cases of outpatients with normal thyroid function and without thyroid diseases.Results:Free triiodothyronine(FT 3)/free thyroxine(FT 4) ratio of Graves′ disease patients was significantly higher than that of SAT patients with thyrotoxicosis (0.65±0.29 vs 0.32±0.75, P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve) analysis of FT 3/FT 4 ratio between Graves′ disease group and SAT group showed that FT 3/FT 4 ratio greater than 0.4 with a sensitivity of 98.11% and a specificity of 83.81% for diagnosis of Graves′ disease. Conclusion:FT 3/FT 4 ratio greater than 0.4 is helpful for differentiating Graves′ disease from subacute thyroiditis with thyrotoxicosis.

Advances in the research on application of KL-6 in the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease / 解放军医学杂志

Interstitial lung disease represents a group of diffuse pulmonary diseases that mainly affects pulmonary mesenchyme and alveolar spaces,resulting in loss of alveolar-capillary functions.It is also a common complication or an important factor that influences the prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis,dermatomyositis,systemic sclerosis.Searching for the biomarkers for the early diagnosis of the disease and/or indicative of the activity of the condition has been a subject of active investigations.KL-6,expressed on type Ⅱ pneumocytes,is seen as the most promising biomarker for the diagnosis of the disease.This review summarizes the recent researches about the use of KL-6 in the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease.

One case of a thyrotropin-secreting microadenoma and resistance to thyroid hormone with P453T mutation in TRβgene / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

[Summary] We investigated a 12-year-old girl with elevated serum FT3 , FT4 , and TSH levels. The sequence of thyroid hormone receptorβ( TRβ) exons revealed a CCT→ACT transition mutation at nucleotide 453 site within exon10,whichresultedinthesubstitutionofcytosinetoadenosinein(P453T). Pituitarymagneticresonanceimage showed a pituitary micoradenoma. The patient underwent transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy. Pathological results exhibited positive TSH-β, GH, prolactin, ACTH, and α-HCG staining for the tumor. This is the first case report with thyroid hormone resistance syndrome and thyrotropin-secreting adenoma.

Therapeutic Observation of Triple Needling plus Warm Needling for Chronic Pelvic Inflammation / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of triple needling plus warm needling in treating chronic pelvic inflammation due to cold and damp stagnation.Method Sixty patients with chronic pelvic inflammation due to cold and damp stagnation were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 in each group. The control group was intervened by ordinary acupuncture, while the treatment group was by triple needling and warm needling in addition to the ordinary acupuncture method. The symptom and sign scores were evaluated before and after intervention, and the clinical efficacies were compared. Result The symptom and sign scores were changed significantly after intervention in both groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). After intervention, the symptom and sign score in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 80.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Triple needling plus warm needling is an effective method in treating chronic pelvic inflammation.

Professor LAI Xinsheng's treatment experience of infertility by Tongyuan needling technique / 中国针灸

Professor LAI Xinsheng's treatment experience of infertility mainly by Tongyuan needling technique for both females and males is summarized. Tongyuan needling technique is a treatment method of leading qi to its primordial location mainly through viscera back-shu points that can dredge the governor vessel and tonify the spirit and conception vessel points in abdomen and abdominal front-mu points, and according to state of illness acupoints for opening the 4 gates or five shu points are combined; reinforcing and reducing manipulations of acupuncture are applied for reference. With the method of listing cases, professor LAI Xinsheng's Tongyuan needling technique is detailedly introduced in different aspects, such as the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome infertility and male infertility and improving the success rate of test-tube baby, and the manipulation of Tongyuan needling technique is summarized, indicating that Tongyuan needling technique is worth vigorously prompting in clinical treatment of infertility.

Change in heme oxygenase-1 level in cerebrospinal fluid and serum and its correlation with the rating scale in patients with mild cognitive impairment / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the change in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) level in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and serum in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),and the correlation between HO-1 and the rating scale,to provide a new marker for the diagnosis of MCI.Methods The HO-1 levels in CSF and serum in 45 MCI patients (MCI group) and 85 normal cases (control group) were analyzed with sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).MMSE and MoCA scores were evaluated.Results The level of HO-1 was higher in MCI group than in control group both in CSF [(631.38±32.17)vs(480.75±17.98)ng/ L,P＜0.05],and in serum [(612.52±111.48)vs.(384.16±56.86)ng/ L,P＜0.05].The MCI and normal people HO-1 level had no significant difference between CSF group and serum group (P＞0.05).In MCI group,the levels of serum and CSF HO-1 had a positive correlation with MMSE scores (P＜0.05),but had no obvious correlation with MoCA scores (P＞0.05).In the normal group,the level of HO-1 was negatively related with MMSE scores in serum and CSF,and with MoCA scores in CSF (P＜0.05),but no obvious correlation in serum (P＞0.05).The levels of serum and CSF HO-1 had no obvious correlation with age in both groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions HO-1 concentration in both CSF and serum is significantly higher in MCI group than in normal group,and positively related with MMSE score.Thus the increase of HO-1concentration in both CSF and/or serum might be a new marker for the diagnosis of MCI.

Virion Proteomics of Large DNA Viruses / 中国病毒学·英文版

Large DNA viruses normally have complex structures with many of protein components derived from both viral and host origins. The development in proteomics, especially mass spectrometry identification techniques provide powerful tools for analyzing large viruses. In this review, we have summarized the recent achievements on proteomic studies of large DNA viruses, such as herpesvirus, poxvirus, nimavirus and baculoviruse. The proteomics of baculovirus occlusion-derived virions (ODV) were emphasized. Different mass spectrometry techniques used on ,carious baculoviruses were introduced, and the identified structurally associated proteins of baculoviruses are summarized.