RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Current study has been designed to evaluate the chemical composition of essential and fixed oils from stem and leaves of Perovskia abrotanoides and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these oils. RESULTS: GC-MS analysis of essential oil identified 19 compounds with (E)-9-dodecenal being the major component in stem and hexadecanoic acid in leaves. In contrast, GC-MS analysis of fixed oil showed 40 constituents with α-amyrin the major component in stem and α-copaene in leaves. The antioxidant activity showed the highest value of 76.7% in essential oil from leaves in comparison with fixed oil from stem (45.9%) through inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system. The antimicrobial assay tested on different microorganisms (e.g. E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus, Nitrospira, S. epidermis, A. niger, A. flavus and C. albicans) showed the higher inhibition zone at essential oil from leaves (15.2 mm on B. cereus) as compared to fixed oil from stem (8.34 mm onS. aureus) and leaves (11.2 mm on S. aureus). CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed the fact that essential oil analyzed from Perovskia abrotanoides stem and leaves could be a promising source of natural products with potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, as compared to fixed oil.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Lamiaceae/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Caules de Planta/química , Alcanos/análise , Alcanos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Aspergillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus cereus/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Éteres Metílicos/análise , Éteres Metílicos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/química , Ácido Oleanólico/análise , Ácido Oleanólico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Oleanólico/farmacologia , Ácido Palmítico/análise , Ácido Palmítico/farmacologia , Triterpenos Pentacíclicos/análise , Triterpenos Pentacíclicos/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/química , Substâncias Redutoras/análise , Sesquiterpenos/análise , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Esteáricos/análise , Ácidos Esteáricos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Cholecystectomy is one of the most familiar and commonly performed elective operation in general surgery. However, bile duct injury is a rare but one of the worst complications of this procedure. Although infrequent in expert hands, it is usually encountered when comparatively inexperienced surgeons are operating. These injuries present at variable time after the primary surgery. The prompt recognition and active management affects the morbidity and mortality associated with it. We evaluated the data of the hospital to find out the nature of injuries inflicted to extra hepatic bile duct and its management. This is a study of 20 cases of iatrogenic bile duct injury managed at the Department of Surgery Unit 1, PIMS. The study includes cases that had undergone cholecystectomy, open or laparoscopic in previous 11 years and sustained injury to the biliary tree and were managed accordingly. Patients with hepatobiliary malignancy were excluded. Twenty cases were found to have various types of bile duct injuries. All patients were females, and their average age was 35 years. In four cases the injury occurred during surgery at our hospital, while remaining 16 cases were referred from other hospitals. All the patients were explored and managed accordingly. They had uneventful recovery and had good outcome at 6 months. Although the fact is that, the sooner an injury is recognized and treated, the better is the outcome. However, in this study the duration of injury had no effect on final outcome