Air management techniques in dental office in post COVID era: A Literature Review / Técnicas de gerenciamento de ar em consultório odontológico na era pós COVID

The neoteric coronavirus outburst has jeopardised the health care system globally. As a result, practising dentistry has severe constraints due to production of aerosols and splatter in a large quantity. Air management gains foremost importance in reducing the transmission of SARS-COV-2 in a dental operatory. A variety of air filtration techniques have been put forth to optimize the air quality by removing the pollutants and pathogens. Amidst the blowing wave of information accessible online and on social media, it is puzzling to identify dependable research data and guidance to equip the operatory to minimize the risk of disease by aerosol, droplet and contact transmission. This paper presents comprehensive review on the different air purification technologies, their mechanism and utility in reducing viral load with the aim of providing information in regards to setting up a dental operatory with reduced risk of disease transmission in the post COVID-19 era (AU).

A explosão neotérica de coronavírus colocou em risco o sistema de saúde global. Como um dos resultados, a prática odontológica passou a ter restrições severas devido à sua grande produção de aerossóis e respingos. O gerenciamento de ar ganhou uma importância ainda maior na redução da transmissão do SARS-COV-2 em um procedimento odontológico. Uma variedade de técnicas de filtração de ar tem sido colocada para otimizar a qualidade do ar através da remoção de poluentes e patógenos. Em meio à onda de informações disponíveis online e na mídia social, é difícil identificar dados de pesquisas confiáveis e orientações para equipar os operadores a minimizarem os riscos de doenças transmissíveis por aerossóis, gotículas e contato. Este artigo apresenta uma compreensível revisão das diferentes tecnologias de purificação de ar, seus mecanismos e utilidades na redução da carga viral com o objetivo de prover informação quanto à prática odontológica com redução de riscos de transmissão de doenças na era pós COVID-19 (AU)

Appraisal of Awareness and Attitude of School Teachers towards Emergency Management of Dental Trauma and Tooth Avulsion Replantation

Health education is an essential aspect for prevention of oral health problems in school children. Dental trauma can result in damaging the tooth, periodontal ligaments, and sometimes even alveolar bone and gingiva. These traumatic injuries to the anterior teeth in young children are tragic but are an ignored problem. They can result in aesthetic and functional problem with possible impact on child’s quality of life as anterior teeth are essential for phonetics, mastication, integrity of supporting tissue and also mental and psychological wellbeing of children. This dental emergency can be best handled by the school teachers and the staff members when it happens in a school. So, the study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of the school teachers regarding the emergency management of dental trauma and sensitize them on the subject. METHODSThis is a pre- and post-test study performed using self - designed questionnaire provided to the school-teachers of Wardha district. RESULTSKnowledge of 98 % teachers increased after the activity whereas knowledge of 2 % of school teachers was the same as earlier. CONCLUSIONSSensitization of the school teachers improved their awareness and attitude to manage the dental trauma and avulsion injury of teeth in school.

Probiotic Bacteriotherapy and Its Oral Health Perspective.

As health professionals, we prescribe wide range of chemotherapeutics to the patients to control or to prevent the disease. When there is excessive use of antibiotics, it leads to imbalance between the beneficial and harmful microorganisms, making our body more susceptible to infections. Probiotics are living microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. They are living microorganisms added to food which beneficially affect the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance. Intestine’s microbial colonization is determined by the maternal intestinal flora and surroundings. Oral cavity is a complex ecosystem which has rich and diverse microbiota. The change in environment may be due to illness, debility, behaviour, diet or medications. So, an obvious fact is that changes in this ecology may give rise to dental diseases. A slight change in environment promotes the potential pathogens gain competitive advantage under appropriate conditions. Then, the pathogens increase in great numbers to predispose a site to disease. In order to cure the disease, probiotic approach, may be used. In probiotic method, whole bacteria replacement therapy is given which may be very effective in eliminating the dangerous pathogens from the oral cavity. Different probiotics are provided in products such as in medicines, beverages, milk-based foods, dietary supplements, etc. This review highlights the effectiveness of probiotics in improving the oral health.

A Comparative Evaluation between Propolis and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars.

Pulpotomy is defined as the complete removal of coronal portion of dental pulp followed by placement of a suitable dressing or medicament that will promote healing and preserve the vitality of the tooth.1 This treatment helps to maintain the primary tooth in the arch and to fulfil its function in primary and mixed dentition period.2 Since its introduction by Sweet (1932), Formocresol (FC) has been a popular pulpotomy medicament in the primary dentition for the past 80 years.3 However, it has many disadvantages like cytotoxicity, pulpal inflammation and necrosis, systemic disturbances, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential and immunologic responses.4METHODS40 carious primary molars selected from 32 children aged between 4-9 years were included in the study. The selected teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A: 20 primary molars to be pulpotomised with MTA. Group B: 20 primary molars were treated with 15% Propolis tincture. The children were recalled at 3, 6- and 12-months interval for clinical and radiographical evaluation.RESULTSThere was also absence of periapical radiolucency in propolis group at 3 months whereas in the MTA group periapical radiolucency was present in 1 (5.6%) tooth at 3 months. There was absence of sinus/ fistula in MTA group, while one (5.9%) tooth developed sinus/ fistula in propolis group at 6 months. There was also absence of sinus/ fistula in MTA group, while two (11.1%) teeth developed sinus/ fistula in propolis group at 12 months. At 12 months success rate was higher in MTA group (6 months- 100% and 12 months – 94.4%) as compared to Propolis (6 months- 88.2% and 12 months – 88.9%).CONCLUSIONSClinical outcome of Propolis is comparable to that of MTA at both 6 and 12 months follow up period. Hence, Propolis seems to be a promising and a reliable medicament for pulpotomy.