RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders. It is fifth in ranking as a leading cause of death worldwide and is responsible for almost 3 million deaths annually. Chronic hyperglycemia and related metabolic derangements are mainly associated with secondary damage in multiple organ systems, especially kidneys, eyes, nerves and blood vessels. Pulmonary functions in diabetes mellitus have been studied frequently in many countries other than India, while in our country, there are few studies concerning these abnormalities and their relationship with the disease. OBJECTIVES:To determine and compare the lung function test between type 2 diabetic patients with normoglycemic control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational cross sectional study. This study was carried out in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital in Department of Physiology and Department of Medicine. A total number of 215 subjects were included in this study . Among them, 106 subjects who suffered from type 2 diabetes mellitus for >5 year duration were included in Group A (study group) and 109 normoglycemic subjects were included in Group B – (control group). The spirometer parameters (FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEV1/FVC) of participants of both groups were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: We have found that all of the spirometric parameters, except FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly lower in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients than the control group. FEV1/FVC ratio was lower in study group than control group, but the reduction in study group was not statistically significant (Pvalue >0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study is revealing that, type 2 diabetes mellitus, being a systemic disease, also affects lungs and causes restrictive type of ventilatory changes on long duration hyperglycemia.
RESUMO
Indian women of reproductive age groups commonly suffer from hypothyroidism which may be due to iodine or non iodine deficiency causes. This study was undertaken with a view to ascertain the leading cause of hypothyroidism in women of reproductive age group residing in the sub-Himalayan plain areas of Darjeeling district of West Bengal. Serum TSH, T4, T3 and Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) levels were measured in 101 non pregnant women. Our results reveal that among 37.62% (n=38) of bio-chemically established hypothyroid women; majority 76.32% (n=29) are suffering from iodine deficiency and the rest 23.68% (n=9) have Hypothyroidism due to other causes. Moreover, iodine deficiency persists among 57.42% (n=58) of the women in our study. We conclude that iodine deficiency disorders are still a major problem in this region and hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency is more prevalent than the non iodine deficiency causes. Hence lacunae in the iodine supplementation process needs to be reviewed.