Impacto da má oclusão e do tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes / Impact of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances on oral health-related quality of life of children and adolescents

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da má oclusão na QVRSB de crianças e adolescentes que estavam em tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo, e os fatores associados. Métodos: foi selecionada uma amostra de 161 indivíduos entre 10 e 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, em tratamento na clínica de Especialização em Ortodontia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. As crianças/adolescentes responderam à versão brasileira do Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child-OIDP), que é subdividido em 8 domínios que avaliam os impactos que as condições bucais podem ter sobre a execução de atividades diárias; os pais/responsáveis responderam a um formulário socioeconômico; e o pesquisador coletou informações da ficha clínica e dos modelos ortodônticos dos participantes, como tipo de aparelho, má oclusão (Dental Aesthetic Index - DAI), extração de pré-molares por indicação ortodôntica e tempo de tratamento. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e multivariadas através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Resultados: As variáveis que apresentaram um valor de p < 0,20 foram má oclusão/DAI (p = 0,032) e escolaridade dos pais (p = 0,184) e foram incorporados na regressão logística (p < 0,05). No modelo multivariado final, observou-se que indivíduos com má oclusão ausente/leve (DAI ≤ 25) possuíam 2,05 (95%IC = 1,05­4,00) menos chances de apresentar impacto na QVRSB quando comparadas com aqueles com má oclusão mais grave (DAI ≥ 26). Conclusão: A gravidade da má oclusão foi um importante fator de impacto na QVRSB de indivíduos jovens sob tratamento ortodôntico. (AU)

Objective: This study sought to investigate the impact of malocclusion on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of children and adolescents who are presently undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, as well as associated factors. Methods: A sample of 161 individuals between 10 and 18 years of age, from both sexes, was selected for treatment at the Orthodontic Clinic of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Children/adolescents answered the Brazilian version of the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child-OIDP), which is subdivided into 8 domains that assess the impacts of oral conditions on daily activities; parents/guardians answered a socioeconomic questionnaire; and the researcher collected information on clinical records and orthodontic plaster casts of the participants, such as the type of appliance, malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index - DAI), extraction of premolars due to orthodontic recommendation, and treatment time. Bivariate and multiple analyzes were performed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Results: Variables that presented a p-value < 0.20 represented malocclusion/DAI (p = 0.032) and parental schooling (p = 0.184); these variables were incorporated into the logistic regression (p < 0.05). In the final multiple model, individuals with mild malocclusion (DAI ≤ 25) were 2.05 (95%CI = 1.05­4.00) less likely to have an impact on OHRQoL compared to those with more severe malocclusion (DAI ≥ 26). Conclusion: The severity of malocclusion was an important impact factor in the OHRQoL of young individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment. (AU)

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure questionnaire in Brazil

Abstract: The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the condition-specific instrument Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure (IFAM), assessing its validity and reliability for use among Brazilian children/adolescents. The IFAM was translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted, and pilot-tested. The Brazilian version of the IFAM (B-IFAM) was tested on 161 10-to-18-year-old children/adolescents. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α) and test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was conducted using Pearson correlation among the overall and subscales of the B-IFAM. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparisons of B-IFAM's means and SD with children's/adolescents' sex (Student t-test). Internal consistency was 0.89 for overall score and 0.55-0.86 for subscales. ICC for test-retest reliability was 0.81 for overall score and 0.55-0.78 for subscales. The overall score of the B-IFAM presented large correlation coefficients with most subscales (r = 0.52-0.74), supporting construct validity. Discriminant validity demonstrated statistically significant difference in the overall score, aesthetics, and physical impact subscales among female and male children's/adolescents' (p < 0.05). In the conclusion, the B-IFAM overall score and some subscales demonstrated adequate psychometric properties regarding reliability and validity. The study achieved a specific-condition instrument feasible for use on Brazilian children/adolescents who wear fixed orthodontic appliances.