RESUMO
Background: Adolescence refers to the developmental period between childhood and adulthood, and the WHO defines adolescents as individuals between the ages of 10-19 years. They make up about 20% of the world population. Rapid development and urbanization of KSA has resulted in changes in nutritional and diet patterns that have affected the BMI of children and adolescents and led to nutritional transition. The objective of this study was to evaluate and estimate the weight status and prevalence of underweight in school-aged male and female adolescents in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia using the BMI
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that has been conducted among school adolescents of both sexes, aged 12-18 years during the academic year 2015-2016 over a period of 9 months [October 1[st], 2015 to June 30[th], 2016]. Information obtained through an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire. Body mass index [BMI] was calculated as per the formula BMI = weight [kg] / height [m2]. Age and sex-specific BMI percentiles were computed based on the Centre for Disease Control [CDC]/National Centre for Health Statistics growth curves
Results: In the studied participants [n = 849], the male-female ratio was [48.1%:51.9%]. About half [50.4%] of the studied adolescents had normal BMI, 25.7% were underweight [below the 5th percentile], 18.1% were overweight and only 5.8% were obese [above 95[th] percentile]
In Conclusion; nutritional status among adolescents is not so well. Yet more work is needed to identify the more influential factors which can improve the nutritional status among adolescents in Arar beside nutritional education programs to the mothers and/or care givers
RESUMO
Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is one of the most common chronic diseases. It can cause a lot of complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Patients with DM are at risk of having acute attacks of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis as well as hypoglycemia. Diabetic ketoacidosis management is accomplished by the administration of intravenous infusion of regular insulin. Intravenous insulin infusion requires ICU admission in most of institutions, which will increase the hospitals cost [infusion pumps, IV access, nurses]. Accordingly, we have done a literature study to determine whether intermittent subcutaneous use of these rapid-acting analogs might be as effective as intravenous insulin infusions in treating uncomplicated diabetic ketoacidosis
Objective: In this study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of using short acting insulin in the management of mild to moderate DKA
Methods: PubMed database was used for articles selection, and the following keys were used in the mesh ["Insulin Lispro"[Mesh]] AND ["Diabetic Ketoacidosis/drug therapy"[Mesh] OR "Diabetic Ketoacidosis/therapy"[Mesh]] A total of 13 articles were found, with further restriction by PubMed filters, and reviewing the articles titles and abstracts the final results were 5 articles
Conclusion: Subcutaneous [S/C] Aspart insulin every 2 hours can be as safe and effective as SC Lispro insulin every one hour and as continuous IV insulin infusion in the treatment of mild to moderate uncomplicated cases of DKA. There was no significant statistical difference among the 3 approaches regarding the efficacy, and the mean duration of the treatment period. SC aspart insulin every 2 hours is more economical and fairer type intervention