Manifestación oral de la sífilis / Oral manifestation of syphilis

Introduction: syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease with an annual incidence of 12 million people worldwide. In Brazil, there are increasing rates of infant mortality and incidence due to this disease. Objective: to report a case of primary syphilis with manifestation in the mouth. Case report: patient 50-years-old, male, homosexual with a complaint of an asymptomatic lesion on the lower left lip for about 2 months. In the intraoral physical examination, it was observed ulcerated lesion, with white-yellowish pseudomembrane, non-suppurative with hardened, elevated and badly-delimited edges measuring approximately 3 cm on the lower left lip. An incisional biopsy of the lesion was carried out and it was prescribed high doses of prednisolone, but without success. During follow-up, erythematous lesions target-shaped appeared in the palmar region and the resulting histopathological report showed ulcerated lichenoid cheilitis. Hematological exams confirmed positive for syphilis in the VDRL test. The treatment was penicillin G benzathine for 3 weeks. Conclusions: in the present case, the syphilitic lesion has clinical characteristics common to other diseases. Thus, dentists should know their clinical manifestations, that would aid in early diagnosis and treatment(AU)

Introducción: La sífilis es una enfermedad de transmisión sexual con una incidencia anual de 12 millones de personas en el mundo. En Brasil, hay crecientes tasas de incidencia y mortalidad infantil por esa enfermedad. Objetivo: Describir un caso de sífilis primaria con manifestación en cavidad oral. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 50 años de edad, homosexual, con queja de lesión sin dolor en el labio inferior izquierdo que había comenzado aproximadamente dos meses antes de asistir a la consulta. En la inspección clínica intraoral se observó lesión ulcerada, que medía aproximadamente 3 cm en el labio inferior izquierdo, con seudomembrana blanco-amarillenta, no supurativa, con bordes indurados, elevados y mal delimitados. Se tomó una biopsia de la lesión y se prescribieron altas dosis de prednisolona, pero sin éxito. Durante el seguimiento, lesiones eritematosas en "tiro al blanco" aparecieron en la región palmar y el estudio histopatológico reveló queilitis liquenoide ulcerada. Los exámenes hematológicos confirmaron positividad para sífilis en la prueba VDRL. El tratamiento fue penicilina G benzatínica por tres semanas. Conclusiones: En el presente caso la lesión sifilítica tenía características clínicas comunes a otras enfermedades. Por lo tanto, los dentistas deben conocer sus manifestaciones clínicas, que ayudarían en el diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos(AU)

Fluoxetine effects on periodontogenesis: histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses in rats

Abstract Reports have indicated that serotonin plays an important role in cell migration and differentiation during the organogenesis of several tissues, including the oral types. Administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drugs during pregnancy could affect the delivery of serotonin to embryonic tissues altering its development. Objective This study aimed to assess the effects of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on the formation of the periodontal ligament during pregnancy and lactation in rat pups. Material and Methods Twelve pregnant rats of Wistar lineage were divided into four study groups. In the control group, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was administered orally, throughout the entire period of the 21 days of pregnancy (CG group) and in the CGL group, it was administrated during pregnancy and lactation (from day 1 of pregnancy to the 21st day after birth). Fluoxetine was administered orally at the dose of 20 mg/kg in a group treated during pregnancy only (FG group), and during pregnancy and lactation (FGL group). Histometrical, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of the maxillary first molar periodontium region of the 24 rat pups was made under light microscopy, and periodontal ligament collagen was qualitatively evaluated under a polarizing light microscope. Results The quantity of fibroblasts (p=0.006), osteoblasts (p=0.027) and cementoblasts (p=0.001) was reduced in pups from the rats that received fluoxetine during pregnancy and lactation. No alterations were seen in the collagen fibers. Conclusion These findings suggest that periodontal tissue may be sensitive to fluoxetine, and its interference in reducing periodontal cells depends on exposure time during lactation.

Morphological aspects of dentin-pulp complex development in the offspring of rats treated with fluoxetine during pregnancy

Aim: To evaluate the morphological aspects of coronal dentinogenesis in the first molars of 1- and 5-day-old rats whose mothers were treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride during pregnancy. Methods: Twelve pregnant Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: group C (control), group FL (fluoxetine administered at 10 mg/kg bodyweight), and group FX (fluoxetine administered at 20 mg/kg bodyweight). Saline (0.9%) solution or fluoxetine hydrochloride was administered subcutaneously for the first 21 days of pregnancy. Subsequently, the offspring of these animals was subdivided into subgroups according to age of tooth germ development to be studied: 1 and 5 days of life. C1 and C5 (control group 1 and 5 days of age); FL1 and FL5 (groups treated with 10 mg/kg fluoxetine at 1 and 5 days of age); FX5 and FX1 (groups treated with 20 mg/ kg fluoxetine at 1 and 5 days of age). Results: No structural changes in the dentin-pulp complex of rats whose mothers were treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride were observed at either dose.Conclusions: Fluoxetine, at the doses administered during pregnancy in this study, did not alter the morphological development of the coronal dentin-pulp complex in their offspring.

Efeitos da utilização do cloridrato de fluoxetina sobre o desenvolvimento de tecidos mineralizados de ratos: revisão sistemática / Effects of the use of fluoxetine hydrochloride on the development of mineralized tissues in rats: a systematic review

Introdução: O Cloridrato de Fluoxetina é o antidepressivomais utilizado na prática clínica em todo o mundo, capaz deinibir de forma potente e seletiva a recaptação de serotonina.Muitos efeitos colaterais dos inibidores seletivos darecaptacão da serotonina são descritos na literatura, maspouco se sabe sobre seus possíveis efeitos em tecidosmineralizados de ratos. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisãosistemática foi verificar se existe correlação entre tratamentofarmacológico com a utilização da fluoxetina sobre odesenvolvimento de tecidos mineralizados de ratos. Materiale Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico dosúltimos 15 anos nas bases de dados BBO, LILACS, SciELO,PUBMED/MEDLINE e ISI WEB OF KNOWLEDGE, utilizando osdescritores: Fluoxetina e Osso (Fluoxetine and Bone) eFluoxetina e Dente (Fluoxetine and Tooth). Resultados: Foramencontrados 66 trabalhos citados, mas apenas 26 associavama fluoxetina com tecidos mineralizados, destes apenas 12artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão para estarevisão. Conclusão: Através do presente estudo verificouseque o cloridrato de fluoxetina foi capaz de inibir ocrescimento e o desenvolvimento dos tecidos mineralizadosde ratos, bem como alterar a diferenciação de seus elementoscelulares por interferir no metabolismo neuroendócrino daserotonina.

Introduction: Fluoxetine hydrochloride is the most widelyprescribed antidepressant in clinical practice worldwide. Itinhibits potently and selectively the re-uptake of serotonin.Many collateral effects of selective serotonin reuptakeinhibitors were evaluated in previous studies, but their effectson mineralized tissues in rats have not been established yet.Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to assessthe effect of pharmacological treatment using fluoxetine onthe development of mineralized tissues in rats. Methods:Searches were made corresponding to the last 15 years inthe databases BBO, LILACS, SciELO, PUBMED/MEDLINE andISI WEB OF KNOWLEDGE, using the descriptors: Fluoxetineand Bone; Fluoxetine and Tooth. Results: From a total of 66studies found, 26 were associated with fluoxetine onmineralized tissues, of which only 12 articles met the inclusioncriteria for this review. Conclusion: In this study, it wasobserved that fluoxetine hydrochloride was able to promotechanges in growth and development of mineralized tissues(such as bone and teeth) in rats by modifying theneuroendocrine metabolism of serotonin.