Quality of developmental screening of 3-12-month infants through comparing with screening by Bayley infant neurodevelopmental screener II

Monitoring development in infancy results in early detection of developmental delay, and early intervention can prevent sever complications of developmental disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine quality of developmental screening of 3- 12 months infants referred to Tehran Health Centers, through comparing with screening by Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener II [BINS II]. This was a cross- sectional study. 155 infants of 3-12 months old, recourse to Tehran Health Centers, screened developmentally with BINS II and its results was compared with results of routine clinical examination of Tehran Health Centers. Kappa agreement between results of BINS II and results of routine developmental screening of Tehran Health Centers' clinical examination of 3- 12- month old infants was poor [0.18]. Routine clinical examination in Tehran Health Centers, in compare with applying standard screening tools, cannot screen all infants at risk of developmental delay and ignores many of them which should be considered either for follow up or for receiving early intervention services

Parent's learning strategies: a qualitative study on parents of preterm infants

This study aimed to understand the learning strategies of parents of preterm infants, hospitalized in NICU. This study was performed by qualitative research approach. Twelve participants including nine parents whose infants were admitted in NICU, two nurses and one physician, all selected by purposive sampling method were interviewed by a female expert occupational therapist. Data were gathered by semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed by inductive content analysis approach. Three subcategories emerged from data analysis expressed learning strategies of parents of preterm infants hospitalized in NICU. These subcategories were: Asking question, Getting help, Learning caring skills. Preterm infants' parents stated that they do not have enough ability and knowledge for managing their feelings and needs. So, they seek for resources of help and apply some special strategies for playing parental roles correctly

Prevalence of flat foot: comparison between male and female primary school students

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of flat foot in a population of 7-12 year old students and to investigate the relationship between flat foot and age and sex. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 945 students [460 girls and 485 boys] were examined. The presence of flatfoot and the degree of its severity according to Tachdjian's system of grading for flatfoot was assessed. The data showed that the overall prevalence of flat foot was 74% out of which 23% were mild, 34% were moderate and 17% were severe. The prevalence of flat foot in girl and boy students were 75.2% and 72.6% respectively, but this difference was not significant. Moreover, no significant relationship was observed between the prevalence of flat foot and age. This study showed that flat foot is a common problem among primary school students and should be addressed by responsible organizations