Government Provides Vigorous Supports to the Improvement of Health Care in Qinghai Province, China / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Qinghai province is located in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, and is an underdeveloped province of inland China. Chinese government gives high priority to the improvement of the wellbeing of Qinghai people, and have provided great supports in aspects of policy, funding, and professional resource to the development of health care and medical system in Qinghai. Great progress has been made, and wellness of residents in Qinghai has been significantly improved. This article reviews the strategies and measures from central and provincial government in improving health care of Qinghai province under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

Irreducible Elbow Dislocation Associated with Hill-Sachs-like Lesion over the Capitellum

Irreducible dislocation of the elbow is an uncommon event. We present the case of a posterolateral elbow dislocation after a fall injury in a 67-year-old woman. A closed reduction performed in the emergency department was unsuccessful since the limited passive range of motion resulted in difficulty to perform longitudinal traction and flexion. Computed tomography images showed that the posterolateral aspect of the capitellum was impacted by the tip of the coronoid process, thus appearing similar to the Hill-Sachs lesion in the humeral head. Subsequent open reduction of the elbow revealed the dislocation to be irreducible since the tip of the coronoid process had wedged into a triangular Hill-Sachs-like lesion in the capitellum. The joint was reduced by providing distal traction on the forearm, and main fragments were disengaged using digital pressure. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient reported no dislocations, and had an acceptable range of motion. Thus, we propose that to avoid iatrogenic injury to the joint or other nearby structures, irreducible dislocations should not be subjected to repeated manipulation.

Novel patchouli alcohol ternary solid dispersion pellets prepared by poloxamers

The present study investigates the possibility of using poloxamers as solubility and dissolution rate enhancing agents of poorly water soluble bioactive constituent patchouli alcohol [PA] that can be used for the preparation of immediate release pellets formulation. Two commercially available grades poloxamer 188 [P 188] and poloxamer 407 [P 407] were selected, and solid dispersions [SDs] containing different weight ratio of PA and poloxamers, and the combination of P 188 and P 407 as dispersing carriers of ternary solid dispersions [tSDs] were prepared by a low temperature melting method and solidified rapidly by dropping into the 10-15 °C condensing agent atoleine. Both PA/P 188 and PA/P 407 binary solid dispersions [bSDs] could remarkably promote the dissolution rate of PA, increasing approximately 16 times in bSDs with poloxamers in comparison with pure PA within 180 min. P188 contributed to a faster dissolution rate than P 407, however, P 407 had a better solubility. It is interesting to note that the incorporation of P 188 in PA/P 407 bSD pellets could strongly enhance the dissolution rate of PA. DSC and FTIR were used to explore the characteristics of PA-SD pellets. The enhancement of dissolution from the SDs may be attributed partly to the reduction in particle size in PA crystalline due to the formation of eutectic system with poloxamers. Moreover, a simple, accurate in-vitro dissolution test method for volatility drug was established, and the process of PA-SD pellets preparation was simple, rapid, cost effective, uncomplicated and potentially scalable

Effect of high mobility group box protein 1 on the Kupffer cells of rats with severe burn and the role of receptor for advanced glycation end products in the process / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by Kupffer cell (KC) of rats with severe burn and the role of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the process.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Model of 30% TBSA full-thickness burn was reproduced in 32 SD rats through immersing the back in 98°C water for 12 s. KC (32 samples) was isolated from rat liver 24 h after injury and inoculated in 24-well plate in the concentration of 1×10(6) cell per well. (1) Cells were divided into control group (cultured with 1 mL PBS) and HMGB1 group (stimulated with 100 ng/mL HMGB1 in the volume of 1 mL) according to the random number table, with 8 samples in each group. At post culture hour (PCH) 48, the expression of RAGE (denoted as grey value ratio) was detected with Western blotting. (2) Another portion of cells were divided into control group (cultured with 1 mL PBS), HMGB1 group (treated with 100 ng/mL HMGB1 in the volume of 1 mL), HMGB1 + anti-RAGE antibody group (treated with 100 ng/mL HMGB1 in the volume of 1 mL after being pre-incubated with 20 µg/mL anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody in the volume of 1 mL for 2 hours), HMGB1 + recombinant rat RAGE/Fc chimera (rrRAGE/Fc) group (treated with the mixture of 100 ng/mL HMGB1 in the volume of 0.5 mL and 5 µg/mL rrRAGE/Fc in the volume of 0.5 mL which were pre-incubated for 2 hours) according to the random number table, with 8 samples in each group. At PCH 48, the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in supernatant were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β (denoted as grey value ratio) were determined with Northern blotting. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, t test, and LSD test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The expression of RAGE in HMGB1 group (1.036 ± 0.101) was significantly higher than that of control group at PCH 48 (0.191 ± 0.024, t = -23.158, P = 0.000). (2) In HMGB1 group, HMGB1 + anti-RAGE antibody group, and HMGB1 + rrRAGE/Fc group, the contents of TNF-α in supernatant were respectively (10.59 ± 1.39), (9.91 ± 1.68), (11.51 ± 2.27) ng/mL; the contents of IL-1β in supernatant were respectively (2.49 ± 0.33), (2.08 ± 0.32), (2.42 ± 0.42) ng/mL; the mRNA levels of TNF-α in cells were respectively 0.311 ± 0.009, 0.301 ± 0.047, 0.326 ± 0.016; the mRNA levels of IL-1β in cells were respectively 0.237 ± 0.021, 0.244 ± 0.041, 0.245 ± 0.013. There were no statistically significant differences in the above indexes among these three groups (with P values all above 0.05). Their levels were all significantly higher than those of control group [with contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in supernatant respectively (2.69 ± 0.14), (0.43 ± 0.05) ng/mL, and mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in cells respectively 0.140 ± 0.022, 0.077 ± 0.005, P values all below 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HMGB1 can induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β from the KC in rats with severe burn. However, RAGE does not play a predominant role in this process.</p>

The Clinical and Biochemical Features of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated by Subclinical Hypothyroidism / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the effects of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on blood glucose and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) . Methods A total of 973 T2DM patients were recruited, and the clinical data, biochemical and thyroid function parameters were measured. One hundred and forty eight T2DM patients were diagnosed as SCH (SCH group) and 152 euthyroid patients were selected as control group (NSCH group) . Results (1) The prevalence of SCH in type 2 diabetes was 15.3% (148/973) . (2) Compared with the NSCH group, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was significantly higher in SCH group (54.1%vs 35.5%,<0.01) as well as hypertension (64.9%vs 52%, <0.05) . There was no significant difference in HbA1c control and prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia between two groups. Conclusion SCH may have some adverse effects on blood pressure and BMI in T2DM.

Occult Interpositional Rotator Cuff - an Extremely Rare Case of Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tear

Traumatic interposition of a rotator cuff tendon in the glenohumeral joint without recognizable glenohumeral dislocation is an unusual complication after shoulder trauma. Here we report the clinical and imaging presentations of a 17-year-old man with trapped rotator cuff tendons in the glenohumeral joint after a bicycle accident. The possible trauma mechanism is also discussed.

Effect of acupoint sticking of "Hua yutie" on VEGF expression in rats of focal cerebral ischemia / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of acupoint sticking of "Hua yutie" in improving ischemic stroke.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, a model group, an acupoint sticking group, an acupuncture group, a Nimodipine group and a normal group. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used for preparation of focal cerebral ischemic rat model. After modeling, any treatment was not given to the model group; for the acupoint sticking group, "Hua yutie" was applied at "Dazhui" (GV 14) ,"Qihai" (CV 6) and "Mingmen" (GV 4); for the acupuncture group, acupuncture was given at the same acupoints as those in the acupoint sticking group; the Nimodipine group received intragastric administration of Nimodipine. And the normal group did not receive any treatment. Their infarction volume, the cerebral water content, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the protein level were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The infarction volume coincided with the dominative scope of the middle cerebral artery of the electric coagulation. There were significant differences in the cerebral water content as the various treatment groups compared with that of the model group (all P<0.05). The VEGF positive cell number and the protein level around the infarction area in the acupoint sticking group were increased as compared with those in the model group (P<0.01), with no significant difference as compared with the Nimodipine group and the acupuncture group (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupoint sticking of "Hua yutie" alleviates the cerebral damage after ischemia possibly through enhancing the expression and protein level of VEGF.</p>

Effect compound decoction on notoginsenosides in Panax notoginseng / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of compound decoction on notoginsenosides in Panax notoginseng.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Notoginsenoside R1, Rg1, Re, Rb1 and pH were used as the parameters to investigate the changes on the content of notoginsenosides in different compound extractions by heating for two hours and their correlation with pH.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>When the pH values of solution of P. notoginseng with Fructus ligustri, P. notoginseng with Eupolyphaga seu steleophaga, P. notoginseng with Pheretima asiatica, and Zhitangjiang Fang (free of Hirudo) were rept higher than 5.7, the reserved rate (RR) of notoginsenside were higher than 90%; When the pH values of decoetion of P. notoginseng with Salvia miltiorrhiza, P. notoginseng with Paeonia lactiflora, P. notoginseng with Platycodon grandiflorum, P. notoginseng with Arctium lappa were kept 4.5-5.5, their RR of notoginsenside were 60% - 85%; When the pH values of the decotction of P. notoginseng with Hirudo nipponica was decreased to 3.4, its RR of of notoginsenside was 38.4%; When the pH values of Zhitangjiang Fang extraction was regulated by 0.1% NaOH solution to pH 6. 3, and the RR of notoginsenside increased to 97%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pH of other Chinese herbal medicines extraction with P. notoginseng compound is a critical effect on the stability and yields of notoginsensides.</p>

Changes of dehydroandrographolide's contents of andrographis tablet in the process of production / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To recognize changes in the contents of ingredients of Andrographis Tablet in the process of production.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Adopting TLCS, TLC, HPLC to detect effective contents of ingredients which are produced in every stage of process of Andrographis Table's production.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Handling with the fresh Herba Andrographis according to current pharmacopeoia's technology, it showed that only dehyandrographolide can be detected. It indicated that the main factor that leads to chemical change is the heating process in the process of production.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Avoiding heating treatment or reducing heating treatment time is the main factor to protect the effective ingredients.</p>