RESUMO
Although most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients can achieve complete remission (CR) induced by standardized chemotherapy, but the relapse rate after remission remains high. The key reason is its high heterogeneity in cytogenetics and molecular biology. There are evidences show that minimal residual disease (MRD) is closely associated with disease recurrence, so that, finding specific genetic and molecular biological changes as new targets for MRD detection has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this review the intrinsic relationship between relapse of AML and MRD detection of specific molecular events, the application of these new targets in MRD detection and their targeted therapies according to the latest guidelines, so as to achieve the optimal treatment in CR phase.