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1.
Acta ortop. mex ; 35(5): 394-398, sep.-oct. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1393797

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: Las fracturas supracondíleas de húmero constituyen el segundo tipo de fracturas más frecuente en niños. Objetivo: Describir los resultados del tratamiento, los pacientes según edad, sexo, complicaciones y resultados finales. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en pacientes con fracturas supracondíleas de húmero durante los años 2018-2019. Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: Las fracturas fueron más frecuentes en el sexo masculino (69.6%) y en el grupo de edad de seis a 10 años para ambos sexos. 60.8% de las fracturas se trataron con reducción más fijación interna con agujas de Kirschner, en el grupo con fijación interna predominan las tipo IV y en el grupo que no necesitó fijación interna predominó el tipo I, la complicación más frecuente fue la pérdida de la reducción en el grupo que no se fijó con agujas. Se obtuvieron mejores resultados cuando se realizó la reducción combinada con fijación interna (91.2%). Conclusiones: Las fracturas predominaron en el sexo masculino y en el grupo de edad de seis a 10 años, fue más frecuente la reducción más fijación interna con agujas de Kirschner, en el grupo con fijación interna predomina las tipo IV, predominó la pérdida de la reducción en el grupo que no se fijó con agujas. Se obtuvieron mejores resultados cuando se realizó la reducción combinada con fijación interna.


Abstract: Introduction: Supracondylar fractures of humerus are the second most frequent type of fractures in children. Objective: To describe the results of the treatment, the patients according to age, sex, complications, and final results. Material and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in patients with supracondylar fractures of humerus during the years 2018-2019. Absolute frequencies and percentages were calculated. Results: Fractures were more frequent in males (69.6%) and in the age group of six to 10 years for both sexes. 60.8% of the fractures were treated with reduction plus internal fixation with Kirschner needles, in the group with internal fixation type IV predominates and in the group that does not need internal fixation predominate type I, the most frequent complication was the loss of reduction in the group that was not fixed with needles. Better results were obtained when the reduction was performed combined with internal fixation (91.2%). Conclusions: Fractures predominated in the male sex and in the age group of six to 10 years, the reduction was more frequent more internal fixation with Kirschner needles, in the group with internal fixation predominates type IV, predominated the loss of reduction in the group that was not fixed with needles. Better results were obtained when reduction was performed combined with internal fixation.

2.
Comunidad salud ; 14(1): 27-32, jun. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-828626

RESUMO

Los flavivirus y alfavirus afectan la salud de los humanos. En Venezuela y de forma particular en Aragua, las comunidades se han visto afectadas por algunos de los miembros de estos géneros, como Dengue (DENV), y Chikungunya (CHIKV). DENV circula en Aragua desde 1989 causando brotes de importancia clínica, mientras que CHIKV hizo su aparición en 2014. En Aragua, el diagnóstico se había dirigido hacia la detección de DENV, sin embargo la situación con CHIKV generó la necesidad de ampliar el espectro diagnóstico hacia otros agentes virales. En el Laboratorio Regional de Diagnóstico e Investigación del Dengue y otras Enfermedades Virales se adaptaron dos protocolos de RT-PCR previamente descritos para detectar miembros de estos géneros haciendo uso de cepas controles para flavivirus (DENV y Zika) y alfavirus (CHIKV). Ambas técnicas sufrieron modificaciones en la concentración de algunos reactantes (MgCl2, dNTP´s, y cebadores) utilizados en la segunda reacción de PCR. El resto de las condiciones se mantuvieron iguales a las descritas originalmente. Las metodologías estandarizadas permitieron amplificar hasta 1 fg de ARN viral de los controles empleados (Zika y CHIKV) con posibilidad de amplificar cantidades menores a esta. En todos los casos se obtuvieron bandas nítidas e íntegras de acuerdo a los tamaños esperados haciendo uso de cepas previamente identificadas de DENV, CHIKV y Zika. La puesta en marcha de estas metodologías permitirá fortalecer el diagnóstico oportuno de miembros de estos géneros en el marco del sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de enfermedades virales.


Flavivirus and alphavirus affect the health of humans. In Venezuela and particularly in Aragua, the communities have been affected by some members of these genus, such as dengue (DENV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV). DENV circulating in Aragua since 1989 generating outbreaks of clinical importance, while CHIKV made its appearance in 2014. In Aragua state, the diagnosis had been directed toward the detection of DENV, however the situation with CHIKV generates the need to expand the diagnosis spectrum to other viral agents. In the LARDIDEV we adapted two methodology of RT-PCR´s previously de scribed to detect members of these genus using flavivirus (DENV y Zika) and alphavirus (CHIKV) control strains. Both techniques were modified in the concentration of some reactants (MgCl2, dNTP´s, and primers) in the second reaction of PCR. The other conditions are kept equal to those originally described. Both techniques allowed amplified up to 1 fg of RNA of viral strains (Zika and CHIKV virus), but it could to amplify smaller amounts. In all cases, sharp bands according to the expected sizes using previously identified strains of DENV, CHIKV and Zika virus were obtained. The implementation of these methodologies will strengthen the timely diagnosis of members of this genus within the system of epidemiological surveillance of viral diseases.

3.
Rev. chil. cir ; 66(2): 158-162, abr. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-706533

RESUMO

Introducción: La vasectomía es una técnica segura y efectiva para el control de la fertilidad masculina. A pesar de esto, en el mundo se realizan el doble de esterilizaciones femeninas respecto a vasectomías, lo cual es más acentuado en países en vías de desarrollo. Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia y resultados en pacientes sometidos a una vasectomía sin bisturí. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyó un total de 309 pacientes sometidos a una vasectomía sin bisturí entre junio de 2009 y mayo de 2010. En cada caso se evaluó la edad, tiempo operatorio, espermiograma a los 3 y 6 meses (en caso de ser necesario) y la morbilidad perioperatoria. Resultados: 281 pacientes (91 por ciento) se controlaron con al menos un espermiograma. En 189 pacientes (67 por ciento) se evidenció azoospermia en el espermiograma a los 3 meses. En 81 pacientes (29 por ciento) se evidenció un recuento con < 100.000 espermatozoides 100 por ciento inmóviles. En 9 pacientes (3,2 por ciento) se necesitó un segundo espermiograma para obtener menos de 100.000 espermatozoides 100 por ciento inmóviles. Seis pacientes (2 por ciento) consultaron por complicaciones menores: orquialgia, epididimitos o hematoma del sitio operatorio. A 2 años de seguimiento, no se registraron embarazos. Conclusiones: La vasectomía sin bisturí es un método seguro y reproducible de anticoncepción masculina, presentando tasas de efectividad superiores al resto de los métodos anticonceptivos. Un espermiograma de control debe ser realizado a los 3 meses de realizado el procedimiento. La tasa de falla temprana se estima en 0,3 por ciento de los pacientes.


Introduction: Vasectomy is a safe and effective technique of male fertility control. Despite this, in the world are carried out more than double female sterilization in comparison with vasectomies, that is more pronounced in less developed countries. Aims: To present our experience and results in patients undergoing a no-scalpel vasectomy. Methods and Material: A total of 309 patients undergoing a no-scalpel vasectomy between June 2009 and May 2010 were included. For each case was record age, operative time, sperm count at 3 months post vasectomy and peri-operative morbidity. Results: 309 vasectomies were performed, 281 patients (91%) were controlled with at least one sperm count. Azoospermia was obtained in the first sperm count at 3 months in 189 patients (67%). In 81 patients (29%) were observed ≤ 100,000 sperm 100% immobile. 9 patients (3.2%) needed a second semen analysis and 2 patients a third one for less than 100,000 sperm that were 100% immobile. 6 patients (2%) consulted by minor complications such as postoperative pain, epididymitis or hematoma with spontaneous resolution. Conclusions: Vasectomy is a safe and reproducible method of male contraception, presenting an effectiveness rates higher than others contraceptive methods. There are no absolute contraindications for performing the procedure. A sperm count should be done at 3 months of the procedure. The early failure rate in our study is 0.3%.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anticoncepção/métodos , Vasectomia/métodos , Azoospermia , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Esterilização Reprodutiva , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(4): 27-31, ago. 2013. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774911

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de próstata es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en hombres, al igual que en países desarrollados. A pesar de la alta prevalencia y mortalidad, no existen programas de amplia cobertura para detección precoz en la población masculina. OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia del tamizaje para cáncer de próstata en hombres de diversos centros de salud de Santiago de Chile. METODOLOGÍA: Encuesta dirigida a hombres mayores o igual de 40 años que consultaron a centros de salud por causas no urológicas. Se preguntó respecto a edad, realización de exámenes de detección de cáncer de próstata e inicio de controles para pesquisa. RESULTADOS: Respondieron a la encuesta 517 hombres, con una edad promedio de 59 años. Un 50,3 por ciento de los encuestados refirieron haber tenido control para detección de cáncer de próstata alguna vez en su vida. Se observó una mayor proporción de pacientes controlados en un centro de alto nivel socioeconómico de la ciudad, y de un Hospital, en comparación a otros 3 centros. La mayor parte de los controlados tenían más de 60 años, y sólo un tercio inició los controles antes de los 50 años. Finalmente, sólo un 50 por ciento de los controlados se habían realizado tanto medición de antígeno prostático específico como el examen digital rectal. CONCLUSIÓN: La cobertura del screening para cáncer de próstata es baja en la población masculina de Santiago de Chile. Además, la mayor parte de los pacientes inician los controles a edades tardías.


BACKGROUND: In Chile, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men, similar to developed countries. Despite the high prevalence and mortality, there are no established screening programs for early detection. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of the prostate cancer screening method in different centers of Santiago. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was applied to men 40 years or older to determine age, performing some prostate screening, age at first screening, and which type of screening has been performed. RESULTS: The questionnaire was answered by 517 men, mean age 59 years. 50,3 percent reported had control for detection of prostate cancer at least one time in their life. A higher proportion of patient controlled was observed in a high socioeconomic center of the city and a hospital, compared to other 3 centers. Most of the controlled were over 60 years, and only one third of the controlled started before 50 age. Finally, only 50 percent had done prostate specific antigen plus digital rectal examination. CONCLUSION: The screening for prostate cancer is low in the male population of Santiago de Chile. Furthermore, most patients stars controls at later ages.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Antígeno Prostático Específico , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Coleta de Dados , Exame Retal Digital , Programas de Rastreamento/estatística & dados numéricos
5.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 41(2): 166-170, abr.-jun. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-677440

RESUMO

La cirugía cardiaca con circulación extracorpórea en pacientes obstétricas representa un capítulo especial, debido a los cambios fisiológicos producidos por el embarazo y factores como el manejo anestésico, la monitorización y la perfusión durante el bypass cardiopulmonar que se producen sobre el binomio madre-feto, organismos en situaciones diferentes y con intereses opuestos. Describimos el manejo anestésico de una paciente de 26,2 semanas de embarazo con un tromboembolismo pulmonar y trombo auricular adherido a catéter central con comunicación interauricular.


Cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation in obstetric patients is a separate chapter because of the physiological changes brought about by pregnancy and factors such as anesthetic management, monitoring and perfusion during the cardiopulmonary bypass that affects both the mother and the child; both experience different circumstances and have dissimilar interests. The paper discusses the anesthetic management of a patient in her 26.2weeks of gestation with a pulmonary thromboembolism and atrial intracavitary thrombus attached to the central catheter with atrial septal defect.


Assuntos
Humanos
6.
P. R. health sci. j ; 27(2): 175-179, Jun. 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-500956

RESUMO

Pressure ulcers, also called decubitus ulcers, are a common challenge of humanity and are exceptionally difficult to heal. They are wounds that are initiated by relatively short periods of pressure on the skin that blocks blood circulation causing the skin and underlying tissues to die, leading to an open wound. Pressure release can prevent further tissue degeneration, and some ulcers heal and disappear by themselves. However, many pressure ulcers never heal and continue to grow in diameter and depth. By one year, such unhealing ulcers are referred to as chronic ulcers. Chronic ulcers frequently jeopardize the life of the patient due to infections that become increasingly deep until they invade bones and the circulatory system. We report on a patient with a chronic pressure ulcer at his coccyx prominence. Fourteen months after the ulcer had appeared, a surface pulse electromagnetic force (PEMF) stimulator was applied over T7-T8, 45 cm cephalic to the ulcer, as part of a nerve stimulation study. Although the ulcer had continued to grow both in diameter and depth for 14 months and showed no signs of healing, within 6 days of applying the PEMF stimulator, the ulcer began to heal and was fully eliminated after 3 months. We concluded that the electrical stimulation induced the healing of the pressure ulcer. The ulcer elimination is quite surprising due to the exceptionally low electric field-force being generated by the stimulator at a distance of 45 cm.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Estimulação Elétrica , Úlcera por Pressão/terapia , Indução de Remissão
7.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 19(3): 198-203, 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-530346

RESUMO

Introduction: transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is still the gold standard treatment of prostatic obstruction. The objective of the present study is to compare the bleeding complications of TURP with and without the participation of residents. Material and methods: The data was obtained from a prospective protocol that included 200 patients submitted to TURP. Eleven patients were excluded from the study (5,5 percent). No patient was lost from follow-up. Results: Were viewed 189 surgeries, 46 with resident participation (24,3 percent). The operations performed by residents were more prolonged, and required more days with bladder drainage. The following bleeding complications were observed: 1) Bladder catheter washing to solve obstruction by clots: 11,6 percent, 2) Endoscopic revision in severe hematuria: 2,6 percent, 3) Readmission to the hospital in complete urinary retention secondary to clots: 2,1 percent and 4) Blood transfusion: 2,1 percent. The transfusion rate was significantly higher in resident surgeries (6,5 percent versus 0,7 percent, p=0,045), without differences in the other bleeding complications. Conclusion: The rate of bleeding complications is comparable to that recently published. Applying strict criterion for blood transfusion, no difference was observed between the groups. At our institution, the process of teaching and learning TURP does not increase significantly the risk of bleeding complications.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Hemorragia , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/métodos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/tendências , Chile , Doenças Prostáticas/cirurgia , Doenças Prostáticas/complicações
8.
P. R. health sci. j ; 26(3): 225-228, Sept. 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-476011

RESUMO

Sensory nerve grafts are the [quot ]gold standard[quot ] for inducing neurological recovery in peripheral nerves with a gap. However, the effectiveness of sensory nerve grafts is variable, generally not leading to complete sensory and motor recovery, with good recovery limited to gaps shorter than 2 cm, and the extent of recovery decreasing with increasing graft length. An alternative technique using a conduit filled with pure fibrin to bridge a nerve gap leads to only limited neurological recovery. We tested the effectiveness of a novel nerve repair technique in which a 5-cm long radial nerve gap was repaired using two sural nerve graft surrounded by a collage tube filled with pure fibrin. By 1 1/2 years post surgery, the patient recovered complete sensory and motor function. In conclusion, this study suggests that the combination of pure fibrin surrounding sural nerve grafts is responsible for inducing the extensive neurological recovery induced by either pure fibrin or sural grafts alone. This technique is presently being tested in a clinical trial.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Nervo Radial/lesões , Nervo Radial/cirurgia , Nervo Sural/transplante , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos
9.
P. R. health sci. j ; 26(1): 7-11, mar. 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-471661

RESUMO

Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons are composed of physiologically distinct subpopulations, each responding to a different sensory stimulus. One can morphologically discriminate between two broad populations of adult rat and frog DRG neurons by their appearance under the light microscope. These groups are called large clear and small dark. However, additional subpopulations have not been identified by visual observation. Such identification requires application of immunochemistry or biophysical techniques. Although these are useful techniques, they do not allow the rapid discrimination of different neuron subpopulations, which would be useful for pharmacological studies on unique neuron subpopulations. Such experiments would be greatly facilitated if viable DRG neuron subpopulations could be identified based on their morphology at the light microscopic level. Just as for adult frog and rat DRG neurons, when adult human DRG neurons are observed under phase optics, two subpopulations can be seen, small dark and large light. However, under bright-field illumination, six distinct subpopulations can be distinguished based solely on morphological features. Five subpopulations contain rusty-colored cytoplasmic inclusions with different sized granules and differences in the size and density of the granule clusters, while one is granule-free. Analysis of the soma diameter distribution shows each of the six granule-containing and the non-granule-containing (clear) neuron subpopulations has a statistically significant difference in size distribution. We propose that neurons with different morphologies correspond to unique physiological subpopulations of DRG neurons. Experiments are underway using immunochemical techniques to determine whether neurons with the unique morphologies correspond with unique physiological functions.


Assuntos
Humanos , Gânglios Espinais/citologia
10.
P. R. health sci. j ; 25(1): 43-50, Mar. 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-472643

RESUMO

Ischemia of intact dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in situ leads to massive neuron death due to ischemia-triggered secondary events, such as massive release of excitatory amino acids from the neurons, their excessive accumulation and activation of neuron NMDA and other receptors, acidification, and loss of calcium homeostasis. The present experiments tested whether hypothermia and alkalinization, separately or combined, provide neuroprotection against 1-4 hours of ischemia to the neurons within intact DRG acutely removed from organ donors. DRG under hypothermic (20-15 degrees C) or alkaline (pH 8.0-9.3) conditions yielded more viable neurons than DRG maintained under physiological conditions (37 degrees C/pH 7.4), 4.1-fold vs. 7.8-fold respectively, but, hypothermia and alkalinization combined (20 degrees C/pH 9.3) increased the yield of viable neurons 26-fold compared to DRG maintained under physiological conditions. These results show that combined hypothermia and alkalinization provide adult human DRG neurons significant neuroprotection against ischemia, and ischemia-induced causes of neuron death.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Equilíbrio Ácido-Base , Gânglios Espinais/irrigação sanguínea , Hipotermia Induzida , Isquemia/prevenção & controle , Neurônios , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Fatores de Tempo
11.
P. R. health sci. j ; 24(4): 313-322, Dec. 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-472809

RESUMO

Daily US accidents result annually in over 20,000 cases of traumatic spinal cord injury associated with complete and permanent paraplegias and quadriplegias frequently associated chronic pain. This amounts to new annual health care a costs of dollar 3.2 billion, and a total annual cost for all such individuals in the US of dollar 96 billion. Tens of thousands of additional people suffer lesser degrees of permanent debilitating lost spinal cord function. To help these people recover neurological functions, and simultaneously reduce the enormous suffering, and the associated medical expenses, requires developing techniques that induce the regeneration of lesioned adult human spinal cord axons. A number of techniques lead to varying degrees of axon regeneration and neurological recovery in the rat, but the recovery is invariably limited. While other approaches show potential, they have not led reliable neurological recovery. Most spinal cord repair techniques cannot be applied clinically because they require materials that are not FDA-approved. However, several FDA-approved materials are available that hold great promise for inducing axon regeneration, especially when used simultaneously. Here we review efforts to induce the regeneration of spinal cord axons, how what is known about promoting regeneration of axons across peripheral nerve gaps may be applied to repairing spinal cord lesions, and finally, how several readily available materials may induce axons to regenerate in the spinal cord and restore neurological function.


Assuntos
Humanos , Regeneração Nervosa , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/terapia , Axônios , Neurologia/métodos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/reabilitação
12.
P. R. health sci. j ; 24(3): 215-223, Sep. 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-472942

RESUMO

If a peripheral nerve is crushed, or if the nerve is cut and the ends sutured together soon after the lesion (anastomosed), neurological recovery is good. When a length of a peripheral nerve is destroyed, and anastomosis is not possible, the standard surgical repair technique is to graft a length/s of sensory nerve from the patient, into the gap. For gaps 4 cm recovery is limited to non-existent. The limited recovery is because sensory nerves act as passive scaffolds for axon regeneration and do not actively promote axon regeneration. However, such grafts remain the [quot ]gold standard[quot ] for nerve repairs. New techniques are required that induce improved neurological recovery. This paper reviews current clinical and basic research techniques for inducing neurological recovery following traumatic peripheral nerve injuries.


Assuntos
Humanos , Nervos Periféricos/lesões , Nervos Periféricos/cirurgia , Regeneração Nervosa , Nervos Periféricos/fisiologia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos
13.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 22(1): 38-46, mar. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-417241

RESUMO

La encefalitis herpética es la causa más frecuente de encefalitis esporádica en el mundo occidental. Para conocer las principales características clínicas de esta enfermedad en nuestro medio, se efectuó un análisis de casos confirmados por reacción de polimerasa en cadena en dos hospitales universitarios de Santiago. Un total de 15 casos pudo ser identificado con un promedio de edad de 41 años (5-78 años) y 80% ³ 30 años, el primero de ellos el año 1998. La mayor parte se presentó con fiebre y compromiso de conciencia (80% cada uno) o cefalea (67%). Las convulsiones y la focalización fueron infrecuentes (£ 15%) y sólo 2 casos (13%) tuvieron además una manifestación herpética extracerebral. La duración promedio de los síntomas fue de 3,8 días. La mayor parte estuvo asociada al serotipo 1 (86,7%). El 91,7% de los casos evaluados presentó alteraciones electroencefalográficas, 81,8% alteraciones en la resonancia magnética y sólo 13,3% en la tomografía axial computarizada. La totalidad de los pacientes fue tratada con aciclovir y la letalidad fue de 13,3%, aunque el deceso en un paciente con SIDA y linfoma del SNC no pudo ser atribuido a la infección herpética. Seis pacientes (40%) presentaban secuelas neurológicas al momento del egreso. La muerte o alteraciones neurológicas al alta estuvieron asociadas significativamente a un inicio del tratamiento > 3 días desde el inicio de los síntomas. (p = 0,01 prueba bilateral de Fisher).


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Encefalite por Herpes Simples/diagnóstico , Aciclovir/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Encefalite por Herpes Simples/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Encefalite por Herpes Simples/tratamento farmacológico , Herpesvirus Humano 1/isolamento & purificação , /isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
14.
Rev. chil. cir ; 57(1): 76-80, feb. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-425173

RESUMO

El adenocarcinoma gástrico es una neoplasia poco frecuente en pacientes menores de 15 años. Se denomina tumor de Krukenberg a la metástasis ovárica secundaria a esta neoplasia, o a otras neoplasias, que histológicamente presenten células en anillo de sello y reacción sarcomatoide del estroma. Generalmente se presenta en mujeres cuya edad promedio es de 40 años sexualmente activas; su sintomatología puede derivar de la neoplasia primaria o de la metástasis ovárica. El presente artículo expone el caso de una adolescente de 14 años, que accidentalmente autopesquisa una masa pélvica bilateral. Tras estudio imagenológico se determinó su origen anexial, se realizó una laparotomía exploradora que incluyó ooferectomía bilateral, apendicectomía y linfadenectomía. La biopsia rápida informó la presencia de células en anillo de sello en dichos tejidos. En busca de la neoplasia primaria, se realizó una endoscopia digestiva alta que evidenció un adenocarcinoma gástrico con iguales características histológicas. La biopsia definitiva confirmó el diagnóstico de tumor de Krukenberg. Se describe lo que parece el caso más precoz con primario conocido reportado y se revisa la literatura.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Humanos , Feminino , Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Tumor de Krukenberg/cirurgia , Tumor de Krukenberg/etiologia , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias Gástricas , Tumor de Krukenberg/diagnóstico , Tumor de Krukenberg/secundário
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 132(7): 853-856, jul. 2004. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-366586

RESUMO

Lung sclerosing hemangioma is an uncommon tumor that presents as a solitary asymptomatic nodule and that affects middle age women. It derives from type II pneumocytes. We report a 52 years old female with a solitary lung nodule detected in a chest X ray requested for the diagnosis of an acute respiratory disease. The nodule was excised by video thoracoscopy and the frozen section biopsy was informed as a non small cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Therefore an inferior right lobectomy with lymph node resection was performed. The definitive biopsy was informed as a lung sclerosing hemangioma.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Hemangioma , Hemangioma/cirurgia , Hemangioma/diagnóstico , Hemangioma/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares
17.
Rev. chil. cir ; 56(3): 232-236, jun. 2004. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-394594

RESUMO

Se presentan 128 pacientes quirúrgicos de un total de 161, que ingresaron al programa de atención sin uso de sangre ni hemoderivados entre enero de 1999 y octubre de 2002 en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile. Siendo ésta la primer casuística en nuestro país en un programa de este tipo. Se clasifican en tres grupos (bajo, mediano y alto riesgo) según la posibilidad de ser transfundidos delineada a partir de la patología de base, Hto y Hb preoperatoria y riesgo de sangramiento quirúrgico. En principio los programas de atención médica quirúrgica sin uso de sangre, ni hemoderivados, fueron en respuesta a la negativa de transfundirse por parte del grupo religioso Testigos de Jehová. En su desarrollo se comprobó que los niveles de tolerancia a la anemia, están más allá de lo presupuestado, que el uso de la transfusión en muchos casos no estaba claro y en algunos sobredimensionados.


Assuntos
Humanos , Anemia/prevenção & controle , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Transfusão de Sangue/tendências , Planos e Programas de Saúde , Testemunhas de Jeová
18.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 15(2): 131-136, 2004.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-400484

RESUMO

En treinta años se ha transitado de la endoscopía diagnóstica a la endoscopía terapéutica, abriendo nuevos campos. De la misma forma, se ha requerido pasar de la sedación conciente con benzodiazepinas asociadas o no a los narcóticos, a la sedación profunda con Propofol, con o sin narcóticos, idealmente en manos del anestesiológo. Esta situación, supone la necesidad la necesidad de integración del endoscopista con el anestesiólogo, en función del beneficio y seguridad del paciente. Correspondiendo al anestesiólogo familiarizarse con los nuevos procedimientos, tomar la iniciativa de salir del pabellón de cirugía tradicional para realizar la anestesia en la sala de endoscopía. Estas deben ser equipadas de acuerdo a las nuevas Guías Internacionales, junto con dar los argumentos costo/beneficio a los administradores, para invertir el monitoreo, rescatar del viejo pabellón quirúrgico todas las ventajas y lecciones allí aprendidas, dejando atrás la rigidez y los defectos de éstos. Al endoscopista intervensionista, corresponde asegurar calidad y seguridad a su paciente, aprovechando las lecciones aprendidas por la anestesiología en tantos años; ellas son válidas en cualquier lugar que se aplique anestesia o sedación. A falta del anestesiólogo, cabe al operarador aplicar recursos de prevención y adquirir entrenamiento en el manejo de las emergencias cardiorespiratorias, manejo de la vía aérea, así como garantizar la seguridad total en la suite endoscópica.


Assuntos
Humanos , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/efeitos adversos , Pré-Medicação , Anestesia/métodos , Anestesia , Emergências , Intubação Intratraqueal
19.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 10(3): 126-128, 2004. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-396260

RESUMO

Se describen las características del compromiso ganglionar por Mycobacterium tuberculosis en un paciente con SIDA en quien se demuestra alteraciones de linfonódulos retroperitoneales y mesentéricos en tomografía computada. Se discute las diferencias con el compromiso secundario a infección por Mycobacterium avium intracellulare y además el diagnóstico diferencial con otras formas de compromiso ganglionar.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espaço Retroperitoneal/microbiologia , Mesentério/microbiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/complicações , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/diagnóstico , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/terapia , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos , Complexo Mycobacterium avium/patogenicidade , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
20.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 69(1): 55-59, 2004. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-383726

RESUMO

En los últimos a¤os se ha observado un aumento en el número de denuncias por delitos sexuales. El propósito del presente artículo es exponer este problema, basado en las denuncias efectuadas en la Unidad de Ginecología Forense del Servicio Médico Legal de Santiago, en el período 1995-2001, y a la vez entregar pautas clínicas para su uso, por parte del ginecólogo o médico general, que se vea enfrentado a efectuar un peritaje frente a la denuncia de un delito sexual.


Assuntos
Humanos , Medicina Legal , Exames Médicos , Delitos Sexuais
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