Study on the effect of histone deacetylase gene polymorphism and environmental factors on type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To examine whether polymorphisms of histone deacetylase( HDACs) and environment factors can be implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) ，and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of T2DM． Methods In 2017，T2DM patients and controls were selected from 17 villages in Huadu District，Guangzhou． According the Diagnostic criteria for T2DM，the case group of T2DM was matched with control group from the population diagnosed as normal by gender，age no more than 5 years old，and from the same natural village． Conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of gene and environment and their interaction on T2DM． Results The average age of 499 cases group were ( 61．53±13．08) years old，and the average age of 499 controls group were ( 61．48±13．09) years old． There were no statistic difference between two groups． Furthermore，the two groups were gender－balanced too． In conditional logistic regression model，we found that glycerin trilau- rate ( TG) abnormalities ( OR= 2．410，95% CI: 1．755－3．310，P＜0．001) and cholesterol total ( TC) ab- normalities ( OR= 1．436，95% CI: 1．046－1．972，P = 0．025) were risk factors for T2DM． The subjects carries rs72792338 TC+TT genotype ( OR= 0．526，95% CI: 0．349－0．793，P= 0．002) had lower the risk to develop T2DM． Conclusions Abnormal TG and TC are risk factors for T2DM． Rs72792338 TT and TC genotype carryings decrease the risk of T2DM．

Pharmacokinetics of nalmefene after a single or multiple intravenous doses in Chinese healthy volunteers / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the pharmacokinetics of nalmefene after intravenous administration at a single or multiple doses in Chinese healthy volunteers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This open, randomized clinical trial involved 12 healthy volunteers, who received a single-dose (2 mg) nalmefene injection. Before and at different time points after the injection, blood sample were obtained from the subjects. After the single intravenous dose trial, 8 healthy volunteers received intravenous nalmefene at 2 mg once daily for 6 consecutive days, and the plasma drug concentrations were determined on the morning of days 4, 5 and 6 using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using PKS program.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The main pharmacokinetic parameters of nalmefene (Cmax, Tmax, T1/2, AUC0-48, and AUC0-infinity) after the single intravenous dose were 7.34-/+1.56 microg/L, 0.08 h, 12.01-/+2.20 h, 30.29-/+9.84 microg.L(-1).h, and 32.23-/+9.94 microg.L(-1).h, respectively; the parameters after multiple doses were 8.04-/+1.09 microg/L, 0.08 h, 12.43-/+1.44 h, 33.64-/+9.15 microg.L(-1).h and 35.98-/+9.23 microg.L(-1).h, respectively. The steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters including the degree of fluctuation (DF), AUCss and Cav were 4.69-/+1.29, 19.64-/+6.20 microg.L(-1).h and 1.64-/+0.52 microg/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nalmefene showed similar pharmacokinetics in Chinese healthy volunteers with those in the foreign testees, and can be safely administered in healthy volunteers without producing unmanageable pain.</p>

A case-control study of the risk factors for fungal rhinosinusitis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors of fungal rhinosinusitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The preoperative clinical data of 57 patients with a diagnosis of fungal rhinosinusitis confirmed pathologically using Gomori methenamine silver staining were analyzed statistically against the data of 57 age- and gender-matched control patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with chronic rhinosinusitis, fungal rhinosinusitis was characterized by a significantly shorter mean disease course (37.31 months vs 130.84 months, t = 5.59, P = 0.000). The factors related to fungal rhinosinusitis included nasal mucus, purulent nasal discharge, unilateral/bilateral sinus lesion and calcified plaque in CT scan , with odds ratios of 0.17 (0.04-0.62), 0.35 (0.15-0.80), 41 (12.50-100.00) and 91 (24.01-344.95), respectively. Conditional logistic regression identified calcified plaque in CT scan as the high-risk factor of fungal rhinosinusitis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The presence of calcified plaque in CT scan indicates high risk of fungal rhinosinusitis and may serve as an important evidence for diagnosis of this disease.</p>

Risk factors for death due to fungal septicemia and prognostic analysis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the incidence, clinical features and the predisposing factors of fungal septicemia, and investigate the risk factors for death due to fungal septicemia and the prognosis of the patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 91 patients with fungal septicemia diagnosed in the last 17 years, including 60 patients with clinical cure or improvement, and 31 who die of the disease. Based on the results by univariate analysis, the data were analyzed using logistic multiple regression and Fisher's discriminant analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fungal septicemia had many predisposing factors with high mortality rate. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the cured/improved cases and the fatal cases for 12 variables, including advanced age, complication by bacterial infection, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), ICU patients, cortical hormone therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, use of immunopotentiating agents, length of hospital stay before antifungal therapy, time of anti-fungus therapy and types of invasive procedures. Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the types of invasive procedures, MODS, surgery and prolonged hospital stay before antifungal therapy were the independent risk factors for fungal septicemia-related death. Fisher's linear discriminant equation was established for predicting the prognosis of the disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The types of invasive procedure, MODS, surgery and prolonged hospital stay before antifungal therapy are the independent risk factors for fungal septicemia-related death, and the patients' prognosis can be predicted using Fisher's linear discriminant equation.</p>