RESUMO
Este texto focaliza a atitude de abertura ao inconsciente demonstrada por Jung no Livro Vermelho. Aproximando o livro de nossa época e considerando que ele trata da questão de acolher, transformar e expressar a criatividade que se apresenta autonomamente, é traçado um paralelo entre três personagens: o fotógrafo da natureza em sua atitude frente ao inesperado; a fotógrafa Diane Arbus que, de maneira afetiva, nos apresenta o diferente; e o músico brasileiro Itamar Assumpção, cuja criatividade era simultaneamente rigorosa, irreverente, inovadora e sempre enraizada na realidade brasileira. O fio condutor é a atitude psicológica que fomenta a criatividade.
The focus of this study is the attitude of openness to the unconscious demonstrated by Jung at the Red Book. Reading the book in our own time point of view considering that it brings the issue of sheltering, transforming and expressing the creativity that presents itself, a parallel is drawn between three personages: the nature photographer in his attitude towards the unexpected; photographer Diane Arbus who presents the different in an affectionate way; and Brazilian musician Itamar Assumpção, whose creativity was very strict, irreverent, innovative and personally attached to Brazilian reality. The guiding thread is the psychological attitude that foments creativity.
Assuntos
Afeto , Arte , Criatividade , Autonomia Pessoal , Inconsciente PsicológicoRESUMO
La comprensión lectora es un proceso complejo que supone la intervención de un conjunto de variables interrelacionadas. Diversos estudios han planteado el rol de la memoria de trabajo y los mecanismos inhibitorios en la habilidad de comprender un texto. El propósito del presente trabajo es doble: por un lado, se propone evaluar las relaciones entre memoria de trabajo, mecanismos inhibitorios y comprensión lectora en adolescentes de primer año de la Educación Secundaria Básica (E.S.B.) de 12 y 13 años de edad, distribuidos en dos grupos de desempeño en comprensión lectora; y por otro, analizar las diferencias en los rendimientos ejecutivos de memoria de trabajo y mecanismos inhibitorios en función del nivel de comprensión lectora (alto y bajo rendimiento). Para ello, se administraron un conjunto de tareas para evaluar: comprensión de textos, fluidez lectora, habilidades verbales, memoria de trabajo y mecanismos inhibitorios. Los resultados señalan correlaciones entre rendimiento lecto-comprensivo, memoria de trabajo, mecanismos inhibitorios (supresión y restricción) y habilidades verbales. A su vez, la evidencia señala que los grupos de desempeño en comprensión lectora presentan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en sus correspondientes rendimientos en memoria de trabajo e inhibición.
The process of reading comprehension involves a group of interrelated variables. Several studies have presented the role of working memory and the inhibition process in reading comprehension skills. The aim of this research is double, on one side to assess the relationship between working memory, inhibitory processes and reading comprehension in adolescents belonging to the first year of secondary school of 12 and 13 years old, in two groups of comprehension levels; and on the other hand, to analyze the differences in executive performance of working memory and inhibitory processes in different levels of reading comprehension (high and poor performance). A number of tests were carried out to assess the level of reading comprehension, verbal skills, reading fluency, working memory and inhibitory processes. Results show that levels of reading comprehension, working memory, inhibitory processes (deletion and restraint) and verbal skills are related. The evidence suggests that the groups of different levels of reading comprehension show significant differences in their working memory, inhibitory processes and verbal skills performance.