The Maternal and Fetal Outcome of Placenta Praevia in Term Pregnancy

Background: Placenta praevia refers to a placenta that is Inserted either completely or partially in the lower uterine segment. In placenta praevia, placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment within the zone of effacement and dilatation of cervix, resulting in obstruction to decent of the Presenting part. The aim of this study is to find out the maternal and fetal outcome of Placenta praevia in term pregnancy. Material & Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Bangladesh for the duration of the period from January 2013 to June 2013. The duration of the period from Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24 version. Results: This study shows that Maternal age range was 18 to 45 years and the commonest age group of placentas previa was 25-29 years (60.0%). Four percent were between 20-24 years age group. Twenty percent were more than 35 years of age. Conclusion: The study subjects were selected only who were found high maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality which was 8% due to placenta preavia. So, the observed result of this study might not reflect the expected real outcome. In population therefore further prospective studies with a large sample should be carried out for comprehensive evaluation of placenta Preavia on maternal and neonatal outcome.

Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Brugada Syndrome.

Death is always dreadful and the diseases those causes sudden death are universal threats in health concern. Brugada syndrom is a recently identified entity of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. This genetic and male dominant disorder is prevalent in Southeast Asian region. At least seven genes have been identified to associate with its occurrence though the detail pathophysiological mechanism is till to be resolved. The correlation of ion channel genes to Brugada syndrom is still dubious as the same genes also related to other cardiac diseases. Here we review the genetic aspects of Brugada syndrom with a breif overview of epidemiology, diagnosis and management system.

Diagnostic laparoscopy in the evaluation of female factors in infertility in Kashmir valley

To evaluate the female factors in infertility using laparoscopy in Kashmiri women. One hundred cases of infertility [primary and secondary] were included in this prospective study. Before the procedure, apart from complete history and detailed examination, baseline investigations [complete blood count, blood sugar, kidney and liver function tests, ECG, chest X-ray] were performed as per our institutional protocol for pre-anaesthesia check up. Laparoscopy was done in proliferative phase of menstrual cycle. To test the patency of tubes, chromotubation was done in all cases under laparoscopic vision by using 10-15 ml of autoclaved methylene blue dye. All the data was collected on pre-designed proforma and the results were tabulated and raw percentages calculated to describe the results. In primary infertility group [n=82], most common laparoscopic finding was tubal occlusion in 15 [18.3%], followed by endometriotic deposits in 14 [17.1%] patients. Other findings were polycystic ovaries in 10 patients [12.2%], peritubal and periovarian adhesions in 6 patients [7.3%], fibroids in 6 patients [7.3%], genital tract tuberculosis in 5 patients [6.1%], ovarian cysts in 4 patients [4.8%], hypoplastic uterus in 2 patients [2.4%] and pelvic inflammatory diseases in 2 patients [2.4%], in this group. The commonest finding by laparoscopy in patients with secondary infertility [n=18] was tubal occlusion in 5 [27.7%], followed by peritubal and periovarian adhesions in 4 [22.2%] patients. laparoscopy is very effective and cheap method in evaluating infertile women and should be considered earlier in infertility workup for effective and early treatment decisions