Rapid detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to herpesviridae virus. by colorzyme EA test in comparison with CFT, IF and ELISA tests

In this study, the Immunoconcepts EA indirect enzyme antibody technique [colorzyme] was used not only for detection of IgG antibodies but also for quantitative detection of IgM antibodies to Herpes Simplex Virus [HSV], Cytomegalovirus [CMV] and Epstein Barr Virus [EBV] to diagnose recent active infection. Reference reactive and negative antisera and randomly collected human sera were tested by complement fixation test [CFT] against HSV antigens and tested also by immunofluorescent [IF] and colorzyme Immunoconcepts EA tests. All sera that were negative to HSV, CMV and EBV antibodies by CFT were negative by IF and colorzyme EA tests. All antibody positive sera and reference positive antisera were also positive by IF and colorzyme EA tests with slight variation in antibody titres between CFT and colorzyme test results. Human sera which were negative or IgM positive to HSV, CMV and EBV by ELISA as well as negative and positive reference sera from different diagnostic kits were retested by IF and colorzyme EA for IgM. Antiviral reactivity results were concordant by the three tests. All incubations in colorzyme test were at room temperature and only an ordinary microscope used in IF test or plate washers and readers needed for ELISA test. The colorzyme immunoconcepts is a simple, rapid and sensitive technical for viral diagnosis and can be used in any private laboratory

Prevalence of behaviour disorders in a sample of Egyptian urban and rural primary school children

The object of the study was to investigate the prevalence of behavior disorders in children of both rural and urban areas, and the risk factors associated with disorder in the sample. A clinical survey was done in elementary urban and rural schools in scholar year 1993-94. 1706 pupils; 892 from rural area, 814 from urban area were studied. The total number of cases elicited in this study was 132 and another 132 children were non cases served as control. Complete physical and neurological examination, psychiatric interviewing based on DSM III R, an Arabic version of Eysenck personality questionnaire; one for adult and the other for children and IQ assessment. It was found that the prevalence rate of behavior disorder among children was 7.74%, 5.16% among children of rural area, 10.57% among that of urban one with a ratio of 1: 2. The prevalence among boys was 11.41% and 4.01% for girls with sex ratio 2.31: 1. A prevalence among private school was 10.1%, while among public school was 11.5% without any statistically significance. As regard the risk factors using logestic regression analysis and odds ratio. Only 12 factors from 22 appeared as independent risk factors

Colorzyme EA, A simple and rapid test for identification of Herpesviridae and enteroviruses in infected cell culture

In this study, the Immuno-concepts EA, a new indirect enzyme antibody technique was used. In this technique, diluted patient sera was added to a fixed spoted slide containing 10% viral infected cells which was incubated 30 minutes at room temperature [R1]. After washing, antihuman conjugate peroxidase was added for further 30 minutes and washed then enzyme substrate was added for the same period, washed that produces a visible color reaction instead of fluorescent labeled one and only the slides were dipped 10 minutes in counter stain and was examined by ordinary microscope, In positive samples, 10% of the infected cells gave a dark blue-purple staining of the entire cell or cytoplasm according to the virus present while the negative cells showed faint red color. This test was commercially produced by lmmuno-Concepts, U.S.A. to detect Ig[G] antibodies in patient sera. When we used colorzyme test for virus identification, the results were very good. When patient samples were inoculated into cell culture grown in Lab. Tec tissue culture [TC] chamber slides or TC flasks and when CPE was detected, the slide was tested by colorzyme test. Results of Herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus [CMV] virus identification was identical with immuno fluorescent [IF] test and the same observation was detected in the samples containing polioviruses and the results of neutralization test was the same like colorzyme test. All incubations in colorzyme test was in room temperature and only an ordinary microscope was used instead of fluorescent microscope used in [IF] test or plate washers and readers in Elisa beside incubators. Our results indicate that colorzyme immuno concept was a simple, rapid and sensitive test for viral diagnoses and can be used in any private laboratory

Colorzyme E.A, a simple and rapid test for detection of rabies antigen in infected cell culture and rabies post-vaccination antibody

A new simple, rapid and highly sensitive method, colorzyme, E.A. [lmmunoconcepts] for rabies antigen detection in infected cell culture and for rabies post-vaccination antibody determination has been developed. Vero cells infected by rabies strain, FRVK from passage level 19 to 3.7 were tested by colorzyme test in comparison with immuno-fIuorescent [IF] test and the results were identical in the two tests. 7 days post-infection using colorzyme test, from 60-90% to cells were found to be infected according to the input multiplicity dose of inoculum used [IMD] and the duration of post-infection. Infected cells showed dark blue-purple staining inclusions in the cytoplasm while negative control non infected cells showed faint red staining using only an ordinary microscope. Testing rabies post-Vaccination antibody by colorzyme and ELISA, the results were identical. Sera with high or low antibody level in I/U by ELISA could easily be distinguished by Colorzyme test. All incubations in colorzyme E.A. test were in room temperature and only an ordinary microscope was used

Occupational dermatoses among workers in a porcelain manufacturing factory

The objectives of the present work are to determine the prevalence and risk factors of occurrence of occupational dermatoses among workers in a porcelain manufacturing factory. The study included 235 workers [132 males and 103 females]. After history taking, dermatological examination was performed at the work place. Cases of contact dermatitis [CD] were patch tested using potassium dichromate 0.5%, Cobalt chloride 1% and Nickel sulphate 5% in petrolatum. Results showed that the prevalence of occupational dermatoses [OD] was 26.8% among exposed workers. The highest percentage of OD was found among workers in the decoration department represented 30.2% of all cases. CD was the commonest presentation among the studied group, it represented 27% of all cases of OD. Results of patch testing indicate that out of 17 cases of CD 12 cases [70%] were of the irritant variety and 5 cases [30%] were of the allergic type. The prevalence of OD was found to be affected by age, duration of work, type of exposure and daily bathing after work

Cytogenetic analysis in peripheral lymphocytes of operating room personnel

The aim of this work is to study the association between occupational exposure to anesthetic gases and the presence of chromosomal damage as measured by chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges [SCEs]. Twenty personnel [12 anesthesiologists and 8 nurses] were chosen from Ain Shams Speicalized Hospital. Cases were matched by age and sex with 16 controls; 10 of them were working as clerks at the same hospital and 6 were outside the hospital environment. Lymhocytic cultures were set up to and harvested at 48 hrs and 72 hrs for chromosomal aberrations and SCEs respectively. Halothane and Nitrous oxide were below the Maximum Allowable Concentration [MAC] levels. The percentage of chromosomal aberrations among exposed group was 2.2% compared to 1.2% among controls, [P < 0.05]. on excluding gaps the difference became insignificant. Also no difference was observed between inside and outside the hospital control groups. However, the frequency of chromosome type aberration was elevated among exposed group compared to control. Regarding SCEs, no statistical difference was proved, though the exposed smokers showed the highest value. These results suggest that more studies need to be conducted to evaluate health risk among personnel exposed to anesthetic gases

Effects of rice husk dust on the pulmonary function measurements of rice polishing workers

Dakahlia Governorate is considered one of the important areas for cultivation and polishing of rice. Several studies showed that dust acts as an airway irritant. Therefore the present work was carried out to study some pulmonary function measurements of rise polishing workers and to investigate the effects of parasitic upon the pulmonary function of the exposed workers. The study population comprised of 109 workers exposed to rise husk dust and 30 individuals as controls. All subjects were submitted to a designed questionnaire, pulmonary function tests, urine and stool analysis. A significant reduction in the mean values of the pulmonary function measurements of the exposed workers comared to the controls. Also there was a significant decline in the pulmonary function indices of the exposed workers with parasitic infestation compared to those exposed and free from parasites. Bilharzial infestation has a more significant reductive effect on the pulmonary function than that of Entamaeba histolytica. In exposed workers, smoking significantly reduced the mean values of all lung functions of smokers parasitic infections compared to those with of the non-smokers with parasitic infections. This implies the possibility of a relation between smoking, parasitic infestation and exposure to rice husk dust, on one hand and the palmonary indices measured on the others