The Screen Time Ecological Model (STEM): The development of a conceptual and practice model on screen time for children

@#It is undeniable that technology has become part of modern society that extends to children's grasp. However, the amount of screen time exposure in children and its effects are increasingly becoming a significant concern for families, educators, and child-related health professionals, such as occupational therapists. This study aims to help child-related health professionals understand the factors contributing to screen time and describe children's screen time levels to enable proper assessment and intervention planning. The Screen Time Ecological Model (STEM) follows the SocioEcological Model in describing influencing factors to screen time behavior, the Ecology of Human Performance in conceptualizing intervention approaches, and the Developmental Frame of Reference in describing the age-appropriate screen time recommendation children based on the American Academy of Pediatrics Media Use Guidelines for Families. The optimal goal of STEM is to promote the just-right screen time use within the pediatric population.

Identifying the roles of occupational therapists among the LGBT community: An analysis of a panel discussion

@#Occupational therapists are known to be holistic practitioners who facilitate occupational performance and promote occupational justice. However, limited literature explores the role of the profession for members of the society who identify themselves as lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender (LGBT). This paper analyzes a panel discussion at an international event hosted by a university in the Philippines regarding gender and sexuality. This short report aims to identify the roles of occupational therapists among the LGBT community through the lens of professionals. Upon thematic analysis of the transcription of the discussion, five roles of occupational therapists were identified. These are (1) navigators on the complexity of gender and sexuality, (2) researchers on evidenced-based and practical practices toward the LGBT community, (3) enablers of gender expression among the LGBT community, (4) allies of the LGBT community, and (5) advocates of inclusion in all spaces. It provides actionable approaches for occupational therapists to facilitate gender-affirming healthcare for the LGBT community. Moreover, these findings hold the potential to influence forthcoming policies and educational initiatives for both occupational therapists and allied professionals.

The professional landscape of occupational therapy in the Philippine Mental Health System

@#The relationship between mental health and occupational therapy (OT) in the Philippines is marked by several challenges and opportunities. Mental health is not merely the absence of mental conditions but encompasses a continuum of well-being that influences an individual's ability to navigate life's challenges.1 Similarly, occupational therapy focuses on healthpromoting occupations and their impact on an individual's environment and well-being.

Documenting pediatric occupational therapy evaluation through the Dollhouse Model

@#Documentation is a professional responsibility and is a form of communication to stakeholders, demanding health professionals including occupational therapists, to provide accountable records encompassing the occupational therapy process which includes evaluation, intervention, and outcomes. However, there are no clear guidelines for occupational therapy documentation. There is a lack of uniformity of content in documentation among therapists and facilities, and the length required to create the report are pertinent problems encountered. The purpose of this article is to report on the conceptual model to guide occupational therapists in creating efficient and occupation-centered evaluation documentation. With this, the proposed Dollhouse Model aims to answer the question: “What do you prioritize when creating pediatric evaluation documentation?” Utilizing this model suggests that therapists may be able to prioritize the pertinent occupational areas to document, therefore making it more efficient and occupation-centered.

Global assembly on everyday life, gender, and sexuality: Reflections, recommendations, and way forward

@#Five key policy recommendations were generated from the presentations and discussions in the Global Assembly on Everyday Life, Gender, and Sexuality. The rich source of information supporting the recommendations was the exploration of effective methods of promoting social change through education and research from networks and partnerships. The movement created by collective and participatory approaches in policy development counters the limitations of some societies where gender and sexuality are taboo. Enabling laws is essential, but the implementing guidelines should consider the real-world experience and realize that adequate infrastructure, processes, and resources are necessary. Education of the people on gender and sexuality must start early in life to plant a seed to develop values that uphold respect for human rights and civic responsibility.

Experiences of gay men during the pandemic through the lens of occupational justice

Background@#Occupational justice is realized when individuals can participate in meaningful activities regardless of their status in society without barriers. However, Filipinos, who identify themselves as lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgenders (LGBT+), continue to encounter prejudice in daily life. Their participation in daily activities during the pandemic is an important facet to be understood. Hence, this study aimed to describe the experiences of working gay men during the pandemic through from an occupational justice perspective. @*Methodology@#Purposive sampling was utilized in gathering individuals from an LGBT+ organization in a city within Batangas Province to attend a focus group discussion and a series of one-on-one in-depth interviews. The Occupational Justice Health Questionnaire (OJHQ) was used to guide the discussion. Deductive thematic analysis was employed to arrive at different themes. @*Results@#The experiences of the eight participants composed of working gay men show that the pandemic has brought injustices into the participants' daily lives. Gay men experienced varying degrees of occupational imbalance, deprivation, alienation, and apartheid such that they expressed frustration due to constraints in community cultural life, local events, and involvement in outdoor physical participation where they could showcase their individuality and talents. @*Conclusion@#The study contributes to the lack of inclusion and discourse on the experiences of the LGBT+ community that are unique and needs additional exploration to address specific needs. Despite being tagged as one of the most gay-friendly countries in Asia, there are still forms of discrimination and prejudice that still exist. Hence, the study was able to shed light on this through an occupational justice perspective, evoking justice-oriented practice among all stakeholders.

Systematic and Collaborative Review of E-health Ecological Networks (SCREEN) Model

@#Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, occupational therapy services in the Philippines experienced a shift in service delivery. As face-to-face services were halted, E-health became the key solution for rendering rehabilitation services. Practitioners relied on their clinical judgment in accepting clients for this type of service delivery. The Systematic and Collaborative Review of E-health Ecological Networks or SCREEN is a model that may aid occupational therapists practicing in the pediatric setting and providing services through E-health. The SCREEN model will assist practitioners in deciding what type of service delivery would be beneficial for the client and if the therapist is equipped to provide E-health as a service. SCREEN model includes the framework and a decision tree for its usability and application to OT practice, particularly in E-health.

Elements of realistic goal-setting model

@#Goal setting leads to improved clinical outcomes, a more client-centered approach, enhanced motivation and psychological adaptation, and enhanced collaboration between client and clinician. However, goal setting remains problematic for both clients and clinicians. The purpose of this conceptual framework is to provide elements to consider when facilitating a collaborative goal-setting as supported by several theoretical concepts. Using the Goal-Setting Theory, Person-Environment-Occupational-Performance Model, Dekker’s tool in setting meaningful goals in rehabilitation, and Canadian Model of Client-Centered Enablement, the authors have identified eleven (11) essential elements, which are the following: external factors, global meaning, collaborate, coordinate, consult, design, clarity, challenge, self-efficacy, commitment, and overall occupation-centered goal. By considering the various elements presented, occupational therapists can avoid having unrealistic expectations from clients during the process of goal setting.

Occupational Tree of Life (OTL) model: Addressing adherence to home instruction programs in occupational therapy

@#Home programs are part of occupational therapy services that improve outcomes and further increase their benefits. However, adherence to home programs can be challenging, and adherence rates range from 40-70%.1 In the Filipino Occupational Therapy practice, this problem is also evident. This model aims to enable practitioners to view the occupational therapy process, specifically the factors involving adherence to home programs, and to effectively consider and address barriers and support the achievement of intended therapeutic goals. The coconut tree depicts the occupational therapy process in relation to home-based rehabilitation programs. Each part of the image corresponds to a vital element. The conceptual framework can also aid Occupational Therapists in determining the rehabilitation potential and prognosis of the client based on the factors seen

Concretizing occupational justice principles in Philippine community-based drug rehabilitation practice settings

Background@#The substance addiction and rehabilitation situation in the Philippines is a complex health and social crisis that has plagued individuals, groups, and communities in the past decades. While pluralistic and critical approaches to address the drug demand reduction issue are available, hegemonic practices continue to eclipse evidenceinformed approaches underpinned by resiliency and occupational justice perspectives. @*Methodology@#This case study utilized a qualitative and interpretive approach to describe the practice processes of localized community-based drug rehabilitation programs in selected Filipino communities and to propose concrete practice processes to improve the development and implementation of the local community-based drug rehabilitation. Two independent focus group discussions were conducted. Participants were health care professionals, community workers, and citizens who have an affinity to the substance addiction rehabilitation setting. Framed by the Participatory Occupational Justice Framework, specifically the practice process “engage collaboratively with partners,” qualitative data extracted from the focus group discussions were thematically analyzed. @*Results@#Three themes emerged: (1) Changing perspective: starting from the community; (2) Better together: collaboration and coordination in substance addiction and rehabilitation; and (3) “Juan for All, All for Juan”: contextualized strategies in substance addiction and rehabilitation. The findings in the case study reaffirm the value of shifting from an individualistic (symptom-eradication) to populational (social and systemic interventions) perspectives in developing community-based drug rehabilitation programs. @*Conclusion@#To reify occupational justice and resiliency approaches, proposed strategies include understanding drug use from critical and occupational perspectives, enacting social modeling and mentorship, promoting inter-agency and inter-professional collaborative practices, and infusing culturally appropriate strategies in the development and implementation of local community-based drug rehabilitation programs.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Filipino occupational therapy practice across regions

@#The Philippine Government has implemented community quarantine throughout the country to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic that has since profoundly affected the lives, health, and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. This has also created an impact on the practice of occupational therapy in the country as the pandemic presents occupational disruptions in the new normal. This paper summarizes the current conditions of the practice of occupational therapy in times of the unprecedented disaster highlighted by the COVID-19 crisis and the situation of practitioners and recipients of service across the regions of the country. Findings conclude that there are: (1) emerging delivery service patterns, (2) consequences of COVID-19 to therapists, and (3) insights moving forward.