RESUMO
We briefly sets forth the design of a surveillance system of adverse events as a part of the Vaccination Program in Cuba since it has had a world impact and thus, the real scope of such events can be known in the country. On the other hand, this system may be useful for Cuban vaccine-producing industries to prove innocousness of their products after these being licensed. Family physician and nurse program which covers 98 of the Cuban population will make the active-passive surveillance of all those persons who had been vaccinated in a territory possible. This surveillance system will be able to measure risks of adverse events by vaccine, age, number of doses, province and municipalities and by batch and manufacturer so that the causes leading to those events can be known. For this reason, it will contribute to improve the quality of services, protect the vaccination quality and upgrade the Cuban surveillance system.
Assuntos
Humanos , Vigilância de Produtos Comercializados , Vacinas , Cuba , Coleta de DadosRESUMO
VA-MENGOC-BC vaccine has been administered to Cuban infants since 1991 through the National Immunization Program (NIP) so it was necessary to evaluate its effects on 1-4 years-old children included in the highest risk group. To this end, a descriptive study of the morbidity and mortality from meningococal disease was carried out taking the vaccine histories of 145 cases occurred from 1991 to 1996 into account. The decreasing trend of the incidence density (ID) of meningococcal disease in all the age groups in the studied period was among the most important results, the highest decline was observed in one-year old infants with an ID of. 10.8 per 100,000 children/years at the end of the period. The percent distribution of occurrence showed a predominance of one-year old group at the beginning of the program. Implementation, and a change to 3-4 years old group at the end of the period. A high of percent of vaccinated sick children had been immunized against MD over one year ago (697.5 days as average). 35 children died during the period and the highest mortality density decline (1 per 100,000 children a year) was observed as of 1993; 2 years-old children were at highest risk of death. Seventy three percent (73.1) of those vaccinated had been immunized for over once year. The general lethality was 24.1, the lowest was 14.3 in one year old children. The changes occurred in meningococcal disease behaviour within this high risk group, which are attributed to the administration of vaccine as part of the NIP fully justifies the continuation of the application of this vaccine.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Vacinas Bacterianas , Infecções Meningocócicas/prevenção & controle , Neisseria meningitidis , Vacinas MeningocócicasRESUMO
The incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) before (1984-1988) and after (1989-1994), a nationwide intervention with VA-MENGOC-BC vaccination started in 1989, was compared. The prevaccination period incidence density (ID> 8.8/ 105 year-person) was higher than the postvaccination ID (ID< 6.5/ 105 year-person). The percentage proportional differences from the start to the end of each period of ID in the vaccinal period was higher (87 percent) than the prevaccinal (37 percent) with significant differences among vaccinated groups (< 25 years old). A break-point (Chow test) was confirmed by the decrease in the ID between 1989 and 1990 in children under 1 year old, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and 50-54 years. Comparison of ID using maps showed a decrease in IMD in all municipalities during the postvaccination period. These findings support the epidemiological impact of VA-MENGOC-BC vaccination in the reduction of IMD morbidity