Influence of the use of testosterone associated with physical training on some hematologic and physical parameters in older rats with alloxan-induced diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated the possible blood changes in wistar rats elderly with and without treatment with anabolic steroids submitted physical training. Materials and methods Elderly rats (32) were divided into four groups: normal (N), treated normal (NT), diabetic (D) and treated diabetic (DT). They were submitted to 20 sessions of swimming with overload (5% body weight), 40 min/day for four weeks. The NT and DT groups received application of testosterone twice a week. At the end of the sessions, the animals were subjected to swimming until exhaustion and then killed for removal of blood and visceral fat. We evaluated maximum swim time, weight of visceral fat, erythrogram, leukogram, lipidogram and serum levels of glucose, lactate, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase. The results were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey test. Results In elderly diabetic rats, the use of anabolic associated with physical training in older rats resulted in improvement in erythrogram, lipidogram and physical performance for high-intensity aerobic exercise. However, it was related to changes in leukocyte count, probably associated with inflammation. Conclusion The combination of the use of testosterone with physical training, followed by maximal effort test caused changes hematological and biochemical can be associated with improvement in physiological characteristics, with increase of the swimming time and decrease of visceral fat levels, improvement in aerobic metabolism of fatty acids and glucose in normal and diabetic animals.

Chronic effects of resistance exercise using reciprocal muscle actions on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals: randomized controlled trial. / Efeitos crônicos do exercício resistido com contrações recíprocas no desempenho funcional e proprioceptivo de indivíduos jovens: ensaio controlado aleatório

Studies have suggested that benefits from resistance exercise (RE) using antagonist muscle pre-activation could be transferred to functional activities. However, chronic studies using pre-activation through reciprocal actions in neuromuscular performance and functional activities are scarce. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of 12 RE sessions using reciprocal muscle actions and a traditional mode on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals. Forty eight young subjects were randomized into two groups: 1) reciprocal training (RT, 3 sets; 10 repetitions; knee flexion immediately followed by knee extension), 2) traditional training (TRA, 3 sets. 10 repetitions; knee extension). Pre and post evaluations were characterized by balance tests, hop tests (HT) and "8" shape circuit (RC8). ANOVA 2X2 of mixed model was applied to analyze differences between pre and post-training conditions and between groups. For overall and anterior-posterior balance, no significant differences were found between RT and TRA (p>0.05). Similarly, no post-training differences were found. The medial lateral balance in the dominant limb showed no significant differences in post-training for both groups (p = 0.94), but the non-dominant limb showed significant differences between groups (p<0.01). In HT, significant post-training increases were found within groups (p<0.01), but no differences were found between them (p=0.90). RC8 was different between groups (p=0.03), indicating better post-training running time for TRA. Resistance exercise caused transfers to balance and functional performance, and training with reciprocal muscle actions showed better rates for HT and medial lateral knee balance.

Estudos sugerem que benefícios do exercício resistido (ER) com pré-ativação da musculatura antagonista podem ser transferidos para atividades funcionais. No entanto, estudos crônicos utilizando a pré-ativação no desempenho neuromuscular e nas atividades funcionais são escassos. O estudo teve por objetivo comparar os efeitos de 12 sessões de ER com ações recíprocas e um modelo tradicional no desempenho funcional e proprioceptivo de indivíduos jovens. Quarenta e oito homens foram aleatorizados em 2 grupos: 1) treinamento recíproco (TRE, 3 séries; 10 repetições; flexão do joelho imediatamente seguida pela extensão do joelho); 2) treinamento tradicional (TRA, 3 séries; 10 repetições; extensão do joelho). As avaliações pré e pós foram caracterizadas por testes de equilíbrio, salto unipodal em distância (SUD) e corrida em formato de "8" (CR8). Aplicou-se uma ANOVA 2X2 de modelos mistos para analisar diferenças entre as condições pré e pós e entre os grupos. No equilíbrio global e anteroposterior, não foram encontradas diferenças significantes entre os grupos TRE e TRA (p>0,05). Do mesmo modo, não foram encontradas diferenças pós-treinamento. O equilíbrio mediolateral no membro dominante não demonstrou diferenças significantes pós-treinamento (p=0,94), mas o membro não dominante demonstrou diferença significante entres os grupos (p<0,01). No SUD, houve aumentos significantes pós-treinamento nos grupos (p<0,01), mas sem diferença entre ambos (p=0,90). A CR8 apresentou diferença entre grupos (p=0,03), com melhor tempo de corrida do TRA pós-treinamento. O ER gerou transferências para o equilíbrio e testes funcionais, e o treinamento com ações recíprocas apresentou ...