RESUMO
Background: In the perioperative context, a frailty evaluation scale must consider certain characteristics such as validation, execution speed, simplicity, the capacity to measure multiple dimensions and not being dependent on a cognitive or physical test that could not be performed prior to surgery. The test should select patients that could benefit from interventions aimed to improve their postoperative outcomes. Aim: To validate two frailty evaluation scales for the perioperative period. Material and Methods: The Risk Analysis Index with local modifications (RAI-M) were applied to 201 patients aged 73 ± 7 years (49% women) and the Edmonton frailty scale were applied in 151 patients aged 73 ± 7 years (49% women) in the preoperative period. Their results were compared with the Rockwood frailty index. Results: The Edmonton frail scale showed adequate psychometric properties and assessed multiple dimensions through 8 of the 11 original questions, achieving a discrimination power over 80% compared to the Rockwood Index. The RAI- M, demonstrated solid psychometric properties with a tool that examines 4 dimensions of frailty through 15 questions and reviewing the presence of 11 medical comorbidities. This scale had a discrimination power greater than 85% and it was significantly associated with prolongation of the planned hospital stay and mortality. Conclusions: RAI-M is a short and easily administered scale, useful to detect frailty in the preoperative period.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fragilidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Avaliação Geriátrica , Idoso Fragilizado , Medição de Risco , Período Pré-OperatórioRESUMO
Resumen Se entiende el temperamento como el conjunto de diferencias individuales en reactividad y autorregulación, manteniéndose relativamente estable a través del tiempo, y siendo influenciado por la herencia, la maduración biológica y el contacto con el ambiente. En el presente estudio se buscó establecer si se dan diferencias en las dimensiones de temperamento de extraversión, afecto negativo y autorregulación según nivel socioeconómico, en niños chilenos asistentes a sala cuna. Se evaluaron 103 niños de ambos sexos, a los 12 y a los 30 meses de edad, con los cuestionarios IBQ-R-VSF y ECBQ-VSF, los cuales respondieron los padres. Los resultados mostraron que entre los 12 y 30 meses la extraversión se mantuvo constante, mientras que las dimensiones de afecto negativo y autorregulación disminuyeron de manera significativa. A los 12 meses los niños de NSE alto mostraron una mayor autorregulación, mientras que a los 30 meses los niños de NSE bajo evidenciaron un mayor afecto negativo. Se discuten los resultados en base a la evidencia encontrada sobre las diferentes realidades en los distintos niveles socioeconómicos.
Abstract Temperament is understood as the set of individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation, considered as stable through time, and influenced by the heritability, the biological maturation, and the interaction with the environment. The aim of this study was to determine if the dimensions of temperament (extraversion, negative affect, and self-regulation) show differences according to socioeconomic status in Chilean children attending to nurseries. For this study, 103 children from both genders were evaluated at 12 and 30 months old, using the IBQ-R-VSF and ECBQ-VSF questionnaires, which were answered by their parent. Results showed that between 12 and 30 months, extraversion remained constant, while the dimensions of negative affect and self-regulation decreased significantly. Children from high socioeconomic status showed higher self-regulation at age of 12 months, while the ones from low socioeconomic status decreased their negative affect at 30 months old. Results are discussed based on evidence about realities from different socioeconomic statuses.