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Biociencias ; 14(2): 13-31, 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1095010

RESUMO

Introducción: La exposición a agentes biológicos y químicos, en laboratorios, representan un alto nivel de riesgo para la salud e integridad de las personas y constituyen un aspecto importante en el establecimiento de un adecuado Programa de Bioseguridad. Objetivos: la presente investigación es caracterizar los factores de riesgo químico y biológico en los laboratorios de morfología y microbiología de una Universidad, mediante un estudio de enfoque empírico analítico de tipo descriptivo y transversal, donde se identificó los factores de riesgo y las condiciones de bioseguridad de los laboratorios, implementando las directrices de la GTC 45: 2012, a fin de evaluar los niveles de riesgo del factor químico y biológico, empleando la metodología de la OMS y Normas Técnicas del INSHT de España, para categorizar los agentes patógenos por grupos de riesgo, establecer los niveles de contención actual de los laboratorios y definir los efectos de mayor prevalencia en la salud y/o el medio ambiente. Resultados: Se identificaron 36 factores de riesgo biológico (FRB) y 63 Factores de Riesgo Químico (FRQ). El laboratorio de Microbiología presentó 2 agentes con Nivel de Riesgo (NR) I y 10 NR II, del cual 10.1% son no aceptables y 21.3% aceptables con controles, 96% de los agentes biológicos pertenecen al Grupo de Riesgo (GR) 2 y 4% al GR 3. El laboratorio de Morfología mostró 16.67% de factores en NR I y II, el 10% corresponde a FRQ, 40% son no aceptables, 67%


Introduction: Human exposure to biological and chemical agents represent a high level of risk to the health and integrity at laboratories facilities, also constitute an important aspect in the establishment of an adequate Biosecurity Program. Objetive: the purpose of this research is to characterize the chemical and biological risk factors at the morphology and microbiology laboratories of a University, using a descriptive transversal analytical and empirical study, where the risk levels and biosafety conditions of the laboratories were diagnosed implementing the guidelines of the GTC 45: 2012, in order to evaluate the risk levels of the chemical and biological factors, in conjunction with the methodology of the WHO and Technical Standards of the INSHT of Spain, to categorize the pathogenic agents by risk groups, establish the levels of current containment of laboratories and define the effects of higher prevalence on health and/or the environment. Results: 36 Biological Risk Factors (BRF) and 63 Chemical Risk Factors (CRF) were found. Microbiological Laboratory showed 2 agents with Risk Level (RL) I and RL II, in which a 10.1% were Not Acceptable and 21.3% were Acceptable With Controls, 96% of Biological Agents belong to Risk Group (RG) 2 and 4% to RG 3. Morphology Laboratory revealed 16.67% between RL I and II, 10% belong to CRF, 40% were Not Acceptable, 67% of the agents were categorized as RG 2 and 33% as RG 3.


Assuntos
Humanos , Gestão de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde
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