Conocimientos y comportamientos sobre factores de riesgo de cáncer de mama en un grupo de mujeres / Knowledge and behaviors on breast cancer risk factors among a group of women

Introducción: En México cada 2 horas muere una mujer por cáncer de mama (CaMa), enfermería debe asumir un rol protagónico en promover la salud de la mama. Objetivo: Explorar la relación que existe entre conocimientos y comportamientos sobre factores de riesgo y detección oportuna del cáncer de mama en un grupo de mujeres. Material y métodos: Estudio piloto observacional, descriptivo y transversal, incluyó 52 mujeres mayores de 25 años de una institución educativa. Las variables fueron: factores de riesgo para CaMa, antecedentes personales, conductas protectoras o de riesgo, conocimientos y screening, Resultados: con una K Richardson 0.73. La media de edad 38±8, las mujeres de 47-57 años tienen menor nivel de escolaridad (Z= - 2.87, p=0.004), y menos conocimientos (Anova p=0.02). Las mujeres que no reportaron datos de enfermedad crónica tienen un promedio mayor de conductas de riesgo (3±1) que aquellas que si lo presentan (2±1, t= 2.944, gl=50, p < 0.005). Discusión: Los resultados concuerdan con lo reportado en la literatura, los conocimientos son deficientes y no se relacionan con conductas saludables ni garantizan que las mujeres realicen detección oportuna. Conclusiones:En el espacio universitario se deben implementar estrategias que incrementen los conocimientos y la detección oportuna de CaMa.

Introduction: In Mexico, every two hours a woman dies of breast cancer (BrCa); thus Nursing should assume a principal roll in the promotion of women's health. Objective: explore the relationship between knowledge and behavior related to risk factors and BrCa early detection. Materials and methods: basic, descriptive, and observational study pilot, which included 52 women older than 25 working in an education institution. The variables were BrCa risk factors, personal background, protecting or risk conducts, knowledge and screening. Results: K Richardson was .73. Average age was 38 +- 8. Women between 47-57 reported a lower level of education (Z = -2.87, p = .004), and less knowledge (ANOVA p = .02). Women who did not report chronic illness data reported greater average number of risk conducts (3+-1) than those who did (2+-1, t = 2.944, gl = 50, p < .005). Discussion: our results are consistent with those of the literature: when knowledge is insufficient women do not behave healthy and do not perform early detection practices. Conclusion: it is necessary to implement strategies to enhance knowledge and frequency of BrCa early detection practices.

Avaliação da atividade antiinflamatória do coentro (Coriandrum sativum L. ) em roedores / Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. ) in rodents

Coriandrum sativum L. (Umbelliferae), conhecido popularmente por coentro, é uma planta doméstica cultivada nas diversas partes do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. As folhas e frutos do coentro são utilizados como condimento em culinária e na medicina popular como analgésica, antirreumática, carminativa e colagoga. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento com o óleo essencial (OEC) e o extrato hidroalcóolico (EHC) do coentro em modelos experimentais de inflamação em roedores. A atividade antiinflamatória do coentro foi avaliada por meio dos testes de pleurisia em ratos e formação do edema de orelha em camundongos. A pleurisia foi induzida pela carragenina em animais tratados ou não com EHC. O edema de orelha induzido pela aplicação tópica de óleo de cróton e a atividade da mieloperoxidase foi avaliada em camundongos tratados ou não com OEC ou EHC. No teste da pleurisia o tratamento com EHC promoveu significativa diminuição no edema pleural, mas não sobre a migração leucocitária. Além disso, diferentemente ao observado com o tratamento com OEC, o uso tópico de EHC diminui significativamente o edema de orelha e a migração celular induzidos pela aplicação do óleo de cróton. Os dados indicam que EHC apresenta atividade antiinflamatória quando administrado pelas via oral e tópica, enquanto que OEC não apresenta atividade antiinflamatória tópica.

Commonly known as coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Umbelliferae) is a home plant grown in several parts of the world, including Brazil. Its leaves and fruits have been used as condiment in cooking and in folk medicine as analgesic, antirheumatic, carminative and cholagogue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oil (EO) and hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from coriander on experimental inflammation models in rodents. Coriander anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by pleurisy tests in rats and ear edema formation in mice. Pleurisy was induced by carrageenan in HE-treated or non-treated animals. The ear edema was induced by topical application of croton oil and the myeloperoxidase activity was evaluated in EO-treated and HE-treated or non-treated mice. In the pleurisy test, HE treatment significantly decreased pleural edema but not the leukocyte migration. Furthermore, differently from EO, the topical use of HE significantly decreased ear edema and cell migration induced by croton oil application. The results indicate that HE had anti-inflammatory activity when orally and topically administered, whereas EO did not present topical anti-inflammatory activity.