Biomechanical Evaluation of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined with Different Internal Fixation Methods for Treating Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis:A Finite Element Analysis / 医用生物力学

Objective To verify the biomechanical stability of oblique lateral interbody fusion ( OLIF) combinedwith different fixation methods for treating degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) by three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. Methods The L1-S1 3D finite element DLS model ( Model 1) was established, and then the OLIF (L2-5) at 3 contiguous levels of fusion and its combination with different internal fixation methods were simulated, namely, stand-alone OLIF model ( Model 2), vertebral screw fixation model ( Model 3), unilateral pedicle screw fixation model (Model 4) and bilateral pedicle screw fixation model (Model 5) were established,respectively. Under upright, flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation states, range of motion (ROM) of fusion segments, as well as cage stress, internal fixation stress, and stress distribution were recorded and analyzed. Results Under six motion states, the overall ROM of fusion segments in Models 2-5 was smaller than that of Model 1. Compared with Model 1, the overall ROM reduction of Model 3 and Model 4 was larger than that of Model 2 and smaller than that of Model 5. Under flexion and extension, the overall ROM reduction of Model 4 and Model 5 was basically equal. Under left and right lateral bending, the overall ROM reduction of Model 3 and Model 5 was basically equal. Under all motion states, the peak stress of Model 3 and Model 4 fusion cage was larger than that of Model 5 and smaller than that of Model 2. The peak stresses of L2-3, L3-4 and L4-5 fusion cages in Model 3 increased by 5. 52% , 10. 96% and 7. 99% respectively compared with Model 5 under left lateral bending, and the peak stresses of L2-3, L3-4 and L4-5 fusion cages in Model 4 increased by 8. 70% , 7. 00% and 6. 99% respectively under flexion. Under all motion states, the peak stress of screw rod in Model 5 was smaller than that of Model 3 and Model 4, and the peak stresses of screw rod in Models 3-5 were the smallest in upright state. Conclusions The OLIF with unilateral pedicle screw fixation or vertebral screw fixation can provide favorable biomechanical stability of the fusion segment. The results provide some references for clinical application of OLIF technology in the treatment of DLS.

Sensitizing effect of d-borneol on cisplatin-resistant NSCLC based on transcriptomics and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the key targets of d-borneol combined with eisplatin for sensitization of cisplatin-resistant NCSLC cells by RNA-Seq and verify its mechanism. Methods Cisplatin-resistant human large cell lung cancer cells (H460/CDDP) were inoculated into the right armpit of male BALB/c nude mice (4 weeks old) to construct a xenograft tumor model. Then they were randomly divided into control group, vehicle group, eisplatin group, and combination group (d-borneol + eisplatin) with 6 nude mice and treated for 14 d. After last administration of 24 h, the tumor tissue was taken for RNA-Seq. And then real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to verify the expression of cell cycle-related molecules. Results RNA-seq analysis showed that there were significant differences in gene expression between the eisplatin group and combined group, and they were significantly enriched in cell cycle. RT-PCR and IHC results showed that d-borneol combined with eisplatin could significantly inhibit the expressions of cyclins (cyclin A2, cyclin D3) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2, CDK6) and promote the expression of its upstream molecular cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CD-KI (P21, P27) (P<0. 05, P<0.01). Conclusions d-Borneol increases the sensitivity of eisplatin by increasing the expression of P21 and P27 and inhibiting the expression of cyclinA2/D3 and CDK2/6 to induce cell cycle arrest and inhibit the malignant proliferation of H460/CDDP cells, thereby achieving the effect of anti-drug sensitization.

Advances of the regulatory mechanism of cyclin, cyclin- dependent kinases and related kinase inhibitors in cell cycle progression / 生物工程学报

Cell cycle plays a crucial role in cell development. Cell cycle progression is mainly regulated by cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), cyclin and endogenous CDK inhibitor (CKI). Among these, CDK is the main cell cycle regulator, binding to cyclin to form the cyclin-CDK complex, which phosphorylates hundreds of substrates and regulates interphase and mitotic progression. Abnormal activity of various cell cycle proteins can cause uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells, which leads to cancer development. Therefore, understanding the changes in CDK activity, cyclin-CDK assembly and the role of CDK inhibitors will help to understand the underlying regulatory processes in cell cycle progression, as well as provide a basis for the treatment of cancer and disease and the development of CDK inhibitor-based therapeutic agents. This review focuses on the key events of CDK activation or inactivation, and summarizes the regulatory processes of cyclin-CDK at specific times and locations, as well as the progress of research on relevant CDK inhibitor therapeutics in cancer and disease. The review concludes with a brief description of the current challenges of the cell cycle process, with the aim to provide scientific references and new ideas for further research on cell cycle process.

Protective effects of three kinds of borneol on different brain regions in acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model rats / 中国中药杂志

This study compared the ameliorating effects of L-borneol, natural borneol, and synthetic borneol on the injury of different brain regions in the rat model of acute phase of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) for the first time, which provides a reference for guiding the rational application of borneol in the early treatment of ischemic stroke and has important academic and application values. Healthy specific pathogen-free(SPF)-grade SD male rats were randomly assigned into 13 groups: a sham-operation group, a model group, a Tween model group, a positive drug(nimodipine) group, and high-, medium-, and low-dose(0.2, 0.1, and 0.05 g·kg~(-1), respectively) groups of L-borneol, natural borneol, and synthetic borneol according to body weight. After 3 days of pre-administration, the rat model of I/R was established by suture-occluded method and confirmed by laser speckle imaging. The corresponding agents in different groups were then administered for 1 day. The body temperature was monitored regularly before pre-administration, days 1, 2, and 3 of pre-administration, 2 h after model awakening, and 1 d after model establishment. Neurological function was evaluated based on Zea-Longa score and modified neurological severity score(mNSS) 2 h and next day after awakening. The rats were anesthetized 30 min after the last administration, and blood was collected from the abdominal aorta. Enzyme-linked immunoassay assay(ELISA) was employed to determine the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-4, and transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1). The brain tissues were stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) for the calculation of cerebral infarction rate, and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used for observing and semi-quantitatively evaluating the pathological damage in different brain regions. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(IBA1) in microglia. q-PCR was carried out to determine the mRNA levels of iNOS and arginase 1(Arg1), markers of polarization phenotype M1 and M2 in microglia. Compared with the sham-operation group, the model group and the Tween model group showed significantly elevated body temperature, Zea-Longa score, mNSS, and cerebral infarction rate, severely damaged cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, increased serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreased serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1. The three borneol products had a tendency to reduce the body temperature of rats 1 day after modeling. Synthetic borneol at the doses of 0.2 and 0.05 g·kg~(-1), as well as L-borneol of 0.1 g·kg~(-1), significantly reduced Zea-Longa score and mNSS. The three borneol products at the dose of 0.2 g·kg~(-1) significantly reduced the cerebral infarction rate. L-borneol at the doses of 0.2 and 0.1 g·kg~(-1) and natural borneol at the dose of 0.1 g·kg~(-1) significantly reduced the pathological damage of the cortex. L-borneol and natural borneol at the dose of 0.1 g·kg~(-1) attenuated the pathological damage of hippocampus, and 0.2 g·kg~(-1) L-borneol attenuated the damage of striatum. The 0.2 g·kg~(-1) L-borneol and the three doses of natural borneol and synthetic borneol significantly reduced the serum level of TNF-α, and the 0.1 g·kg~(-1) synthetic borneol reduced the level of IL-6. L-borneol and synthetic borneol at the dose of 0.2 g·kg~(-1) significantly inhibited the activation of cortical microglia, and 0.2 g·kg~(-1) L-borneol up-regulated the expression of Arg1 and down-regulated the expression level of iNOS. In conclusion, the three borneol products may alleviate inflammation to ameliorate the pathological damage of brain regions of rats in the acute phase of I/R by inhibiting the activation of microglia and promoting the polarization of microglia from M1 type to M2 type. The protective effect on brain followed a trend of L-borneol > synthetic borneol > natural borneol. We suggest L-borneol the first choice for the treatment of I/R in the acute phase.

Application progress on data-driven technologies in intelligent manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine extraction / 中国中药杂志

The application of new-generation information technologies such as big data, the internet of things(IoT), and cloud computing in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)manufacturing industry is gradually deepening, driving the intelligent transformation and upgrading of the TCM industry. At the current stage, there are challenges in understanding the extraction process and its mechanisms in TCM. Online detection technology faces difficulties in making breakthroughs, and data throughout the entire production process is scattered, lacking valuable mining and utilization, which significantly hinders the intelligent upgrading of the TCM industry. Applying data-driven technologies in the process of TCM extraction can enhance the understanding of the extraction process, achieve precise control, and effectively improve the quality of TCM products. This article analyzed the technological bottlenecks in the production process of TCM extraction, summarized commonly used data-driven algorithms in the research and production control of extraction processes, and reviewed the progress in the application of data-driven technologies in the following five aspects: mechanism analysis of the extraction process, process development and optimization, online detection, process control, and production management. This article is expected to provide references for optimizing the extraction process and intelligent production of TCM.

Clinical analysis of pneumocystis pneumonia after kidney transplantation: a report of 13 cases / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) after kidney transplantation.Methods:From January 2020 to January 2022, clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 13 renal transplant recipients with pneumocystis pneumonia diagnosed by metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS). There were 3 females and 10 males with an age range of (46±10) years.The median time of postoperative onset was 10(2-21) months; The major clinical manifestations included fever ( n=11), cough ( n=7), expectoration ( n=6) and dyspnea ( n=11). Paired t-test was employed for analyzing the laboratory results at admission and discharge. Results:The diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of NGS in alveolar lavage fluid or venous blood.The levels of G test, LDH test, total T lymphocyte absolute count (CD3+ Abs), inhibitory/cytotoxic T lymphocyte count (CD3+ CD8+ Abs) and auxiliary/induced T lymphocyte absolute count (CD3+ CD4+ Abs) were (543.27±440.49) pg/ml, (529.98±222.43)U/L and (191.92±119.42)/μl, (87.33±50.59)/μl and (106.92±87.42)/μl at admission and (69.58±50.21) pg/ml, (285.38±46.62 U/L), (888.58±672.99)/μl, (336.83±305.21)/μl and (520.08±388.76)/μl at discharge.The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.001, P=0.002, 0.006, 0.017, 0.005). All of them received compound sulfamethoxazole and caspofungin.Except for one death due to septic shock after 21-day treatment, 12 cases were cured. Conclusions:mNGS test is one of the important tool for an early diagnosis of PCP.Combined use of compound sulfamethoxazole and caspofungin is an effective anti-infective regimen.And immune function monitoring is vital for adjusting antibiotic and immunosuppressive regimens.

Effect of a novel radio-frequency atmospheric-pressure glow discharge plasma jet treatment on crosslinking of dentin collagen / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of a noval radio-frequency atmospheric-pressure glow discharge (RF-APGD) plasma jet on crosslinking of dentin collagen.@*METHODS@#(1) Twenty intact third molars were collected. The middle dentin discs were prepared for each tooth by low-speed water-cooled Isomet saw, and then immersed in 10% (mass fraction) H3PO4 solution for 16 h to obtain fully demine-ralized dentin collagen. The twenty dentin discs were then randomly divided into five groups. The control group was untreated while the four experimental groups were treated by plasma jet with gas temperature of 4 ℃ for different times (20 s, 30 s, 40 s, and 50 s). The structure and crosslinking degree of dentin collagen were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface morphology of demineralized dentin was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the microstructure was observed by transmission electron microscope. (2) Fourty non-caries third molars were collected to prepare 5 g fine dentin powder, then completely demineralized with 10% H3PO4 solution. The control group was untreated, while the four experimental groups were treated by plasma jet for 20 s, 30 s, 40 s and 50 s. The crosslinking degree of each group was determined by ninhydrin colorimetric method. (3) Forty intact third molars were collected to obtain dentin strips. Only two central symmetrical dentin strips (nasty 80) were taken from each tooth and immersed in 10% H3PO4 solution for 16 h to obtain fully demineralized dentin collagen. Eighty dentine collagen fiber strips were randomly divided into five groups. The control group was untreated and the axial surfaces of dentin collagen fiber strips in the expe-rimental groups were treated with the plasma jet for 20 s, 30 s, 40 s and 50 s. The ultimate tensile strength of dentin was measured by universal mechanical machine.@*RESULTS@#(1) The surface morphology of demineralized dentin observed by scanning electron microscope showed that the network structure of collagen fibers on the surface of demineralized dentin treated with the plasma jet for 20 s, 30 s and 40 s could maintain the uncollapsed three-dimensional structure, and part of the microstructure was destroyed after plasma jet treated for 50 s. After being treated by plasma jet for 20 s, 30 s and 40 s, the three-dimensional structure was uncollapsed, and the typical periodic transverse pattern of natural type Ⅰ collagen fiber could be seen. The results of infrared spectra showed that the secondary conformation of dentin collagen fibers was the same as that of the control group after being treated with the plasma jet, and the intensity of amide band was significantly increased after being treated for 30 s and 40 s. (2) The results of ninhydrin crosslinking test showed that the crosslinking ratio of dentin collagen treated by plasma jet for 30 s and 40 s was the highest, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (3) The results of dentin ultimate tensile strength showed that the control group was (1.67±0.24) MPa, and the plasma jet treated 20 s, 30 s, 40 s and 50 s groups were (4.21±0.15) MPa, (7.06±0.30) MPa, (7.32±0.27) MPa, and (6.87±0.17) MPa, which were significantly different from that of the control group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The novel RF-APGD plasma jet treatment can promote the crosslinking degree of demineralized dentin collagen and improve their ultimate tensile strength.

Anatomy of endoscopic odontoidectomy via submandibular approach / 解剖学报

Objective To provide the basis for endoscopic craniocervical junction surgery through cervical CT image and endoscopic odontoid process anatomy of atlas, axis and odontoid. Methods A total of 150 cases of cervical vertebrae were selected for high resolution thin slice plain CT measurement to evaluate the atlantoaxial structure and its adjacent structure, and to estimate the safe boundary of odontoid process resection. The atlantoaxial odontoid process was anatomized on 3 cadaver head specimens under endoscope through the submandibular approach using STORZ endoscopy system and endoscopic surgical instruments. Results The average length of atlas anterior arch and other anatomical marks were measured by CT, and the safety boundary area of odontoidectomy was estimated to be（240.9 ± 39.92）mm~2, male:（248.3 ± 49.64）mm~2, Female:（233.2 ± 24.54）mm~2. Through the submandibular endoscopic approach, the atlantoaxial anatomy and odontoidectomy anatomy made a transverse incision at the midpoint of the connecting line between one mandibular angle and hyoid bone to expose the submandibular triangle area. Under the endoscope, the digastric muscle and the greater angle of hyoid bone were exposed through the submandibular triangle area, and the retropharyngeal space was passively separated layer by layer to the prevertebral space to expose the prevertebral fascia. After removing the prevertebral tissue, the atlas, the dentate process of the axis, the atlantooccipital joint, the atlantoaxial joint, and part of the foramen magnum were fully exposed. Conclusion Estimating odontoid resection safety boundary area by CT image, in combination with endoscopic odontoidectomy anatomy via sunbmandibular approach, we can perform the surgery safely and efficiently under the bright of endoscope with surgical instruments, which can significantly reduce the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and postoperative infection while decompressing.

Challenges and Prospects of Medical Device Containing Adaptive Algorithms to Supervision / 中国医疗器械杂志

With the market development and demand change, the use of adaptive algorithms in medical devices has become a possible trend. However, some uncertainties in the adaptive algorithm itself will bring challenges to the existing current supervisory work model. This article focuses on the ademptions of US agencies on artificial intelligence device supervision, and discusses the problems that existing pilot policies may encounter when facing devices with adaptive algorithms. In this way, we will provide relevant suggestions and look forward to discussing with scholars.

Expression of Circular RNA hsa_circ_0018574 in Colorectal Cancer Tissues and Its Effect on Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the expression of hsa_circ_0018574 in colorectal cancer tissues and human colon cancer HT29 cell line, as well as its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Methods The circPrimer 1.2 software was used to draw the circRNA sequence structure. Meanwhile, the circRNA microarray was used to screen differentially-expressed circRNA in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, and RNA was extracted from tissue samples. The expression of hsa_circ_0018574 in human colorectal tumors was detected by RT-qPCR. The si-circ_0018574 was transfected into HT29 cells, and the expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclinD1, and cyclinE cyclins were detected by colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot, respectively. Results The expression of hsa_circ_0018574 in human colorectal tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the si-circ_0018574 in HT29 cells could significantly inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, reduce clone formation and colony formation ability (P < 0.01), and induce tumor cell apoptosis (P < 0.01). The expressions of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclinD1 and cyclinE cyclins were decreased. Conclusion The hsa_circ_0018574 is highly expressed in colorectal tumors, and si-circ_0018574 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HT29 cells, reduce cell division, and induce apoptosis.

Application of PCMC combined with PBL teaching mode in clinical practice teaching of gynecological oncology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of problem-originated clinical medical curriculum (PCMC) combined with problem-based learning (PBL) teaching in clinical practice teaching of gynecological oncology.Methods:Fifty undergraduate medical students in the Department of Gynecology of Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental group and control group), with 25 students in each group. The experimental group adopted PCMC combined with PBL teaching, and the control group adopted traditional teaching. Taking the students' scores of the subject examination, teaching satisfaction, and teaching effect scores as evaluation indicators. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The theoretical scores of the experimental group and the control group were (97.840±1.930) points and (93.920±2.798) points, respectively. The experimental group was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The practical operation scores of the out-department examination were (96.840±1.930) points and (91.920±2.798) points, and the experimental group was higher than the control group, with significant differences ( P<0.001). The teaching satisfaction of the experimental group and the control group were 100% (25/25) and 76% (19/25) respectively, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The teaching effect score of the experimental group (in improving learning interest, clinical operation ability, theoretical knowledge mastery, theory and practice combination ability, etc.) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the clinical teaching of gynecological oncology, PCMC combined with PBL teaching has a significant effect, which can promote the all-around development of medical students.

Application of the teaching mode integrated with humanistic spirit in the clinical practice teaching of gynecology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of medical humanity quality education teaching mode integrated with humanistic spirit in clinical teaching of gynecology.Methods:Taking 60 undergraduate interns in gynecology department of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital as the experimental research objects, they were divided into experimental group and control group, with 30 students in each group. In clinical practice teaching, the experimental group adopted a teaching mode of integrating humanistic spirit, and the control group adopted a traditional teaching mode. The assessment results, teaching satisfaction and teaching effects were compared among the two groups of students. SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:The students in the experimental group had higher scores of gynecological theory examination [(98.90±0.85) points] and the practical examination [(98.80±0.81) points] than the students in the control group had [(93.43±2.22) points and (92.77±2.37) points] ( P < 0.01). The teaching satisfaction of students in the experimental group was 100.00% when they leaving the department, and the satisfaction of teaching in the control group was 83.3%. The satisfaction of teaching in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. After the internship, the experimental group was significantly superior than the control group in learning interest, problem-solving ability, self-learning ability, doctor-patient communication ability, and knowledge expansion ability ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:In the clinical teaching of gynecology, the implementation of personalized teaching and humanistic quality education mode has significantly improved the students' theoretical performance, practical performance and teaching satisfaction. The medical humanistic quality education model integrated with humanistic spirit plays an important role in clinical practice teaching.

Distribution Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated with Ovulatory Dysfunction: A Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction （AUB-O）. Method:A clinical and epidemiological investigation was conducted in 6 688 patients with AUB-O from the provincial， municipal， and county/district hospitals in 29 provinces， autonomous regions， and municipalities across China to identify the distribution characteristics of their TCM syndromes. Result:The AUB-O patients nationwide were mainly differentiated into the kidney Qi deficiency syndrome （17.34%）， the spleen Qi deficiency syndrome （13.25%）， the Qi and blood deficiency syndrome （12.62%）， the Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome （8.45%）， and the kidney Yin deficiency syndrome （6.88%）. AUB-O resulted from Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， and blood deficiency， often involving the kidney， spleen and liver. The analysis of the regional distribution of TCM syndromes in AUB-O patients revealed that kidney Qi deficiency， spleen Qi deficiency， and Qi and blood deficiency were the shared syndromes. However， due to regional discrepancy， the TCM syndrome varied widely from one geographic region to another. The kidney Qi deficiency syndrome was more frequently seen in North China， Northwest China， Southwest China， and East China， but less frequently in central China， Northeast China， and South China. The spleen Qi deficiency syndrome occurred most frequently in central China， while the East China had the highest frequency of Qi and blood deficiency syndrome. The spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome was mostly present in central China， North China， and Southwest China， the Qi deficiency （kidney deficiency） and blood stasis syndrome in Northwest China， South China， and North China， the kidney Yin deficiency syndrome in East China， Northwest China， and Northeast China， the deficiency-heat syndrome in Southwest China and East China， the kidney Yang deficiency syndrome in South China， the liver depression and blood heat syndrome in Northeast China， and the liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in central China. The diagnostic criteria for the kidney Qi deficiency， spleen Qi deficiency， Qi and blood deficiency， Qi deficiency and blood stasis， and kidney Yin deficiency syndromes were not significantly different from the previous ones. The distinctive symptoms for the kidney Qi deficiency syndrome were irregular vaginal bleeding， heavy menstrual flow， or shortened menstrual cycle， back soreness and pain， and forgetfulness， while those for the spleen Qi deficiency syndrome mainly included the shortened menstrual cycle， mental fatigue， lack of strength， poor appetite， loose stool， and white tongue coating. The Qi and blood deficiency syndrome were mainly manifested as the shortness of breath， laziness to speak， pale complexion， dizziness， and palpitation. The Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were mainly judged by the scanty menstrual flow frequently or occasionally accompanied by blood clots， mental fatigue， lack of strength， and dark purple tongue. The ovulatory bleeding， dizziness， tinnitus， vexing heat in chest， palms and soles， and night sweat were the characteristic signs for the kidney Yin deficiency syndrome. Conclusion:There exist certain rules in the geographical distribution of TCM syndromes of AUB-O patients， which has provided a reference for the clinical treatment of AUB-O in accordance with the local conditions.

Analysis of lumbosacral sagittal balance parameter variation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with real-time 3D navigation techniques / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the dynamic changes of lumbosacral sagittal parameters after real-time three-dimensional navigation assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and traditional open TLIF for treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 61 patients with lumbar degenerative disease underwent single-segment surgery from September 2017 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 31 cases underwent MIS-TLIF with 3D navigation techniques (MIS-TLIF group) and another 30 cases underwent conventional open TLIF (traditional open TLIF group). The basic information, operative time and intraoperative blood loss were collected. The sagittal radiologic parameters were measured before surgery and 3 months after surgery, including lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis (SL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), anterior disc height (ADH), posterior disc height(PDH).And the average disc height(DH) and pelvic incidence to lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL) were calculated.@*RESULTS@#Operative time and intraoperative blood loss in MIS-TLIF group were significantly less than in traditional open TLIF group(@*CONCLUSION@#Real-time navigation-assisted MIS-TLIF and traditional open TLIF can recover DH in a short term for lumbar degenerative diseases, improve LL and PI-LL, and make the arrangement of the sagittal plane of the lumbosacral region more coordinated after surgery. But only the navigation assisted MIS -TLIF can significantly improve SL. Compared with traditional open TLIF, real-time navigation assisted MIS-TLIF in the treatment of degenerative lumbar diseases has the advantages of short operation time and less intraoperative bleeding.

Association between Histone Deacetylase 9 Gene Polymorphism and Stroke in Chinese Han Population

Objective@#: To explore the correlation between the polymorphism of histone deacetylase 9 gene (rs1060499865, rs723296, rs957960) and ischemic stroke (IS) in Chinese Han population in Dali region. @*Methods@#: This study included 155 IS patients and 128 healthy physical examinees. TaqMan-polymerase chain reaction technology and multivariate logistic regression were performed. @*Results@#: In the case group, there was no polymorphism of rs1060499865 observed in the two groups; whereas on the rs723296 locus the frequencies of C allele and TC genotype were significantly higher than that in the control group, alleles C and T were associated with a 2.158-fold increase in IS risk, and genotypes TC and TT were associated with a 2.269-fold increase in IS risk. The locus rs957960 exhibited no significant difference between the two groups. @*Conclusion@#: An association between rs723296 and the risk of IS was found in the Chinese Han population in Dali region. No significant association was found between rs1060499865, rs957960 and IS in the Chinese Han population in Dali region.

Guilingji Capsules reduce 900 MHz collphone electromagnetic radiation-induced testicular oxidative damage and downregulate Prdx2 protein expression in the rat testis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the relationship of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from 900 MHz cellphone frequency with testicular oxidative damage and its influence on the Prdx2 protein expression in the rat testis, and to explore the mechanism of Guilingji Capsules (GC) alleviating oxidative damage to the testis tissue.@*METHODS@#Fifty healthy SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups of equal number, sham-EMR, 4-h EMR, 8-h EMR, 4-h EMR+GC and 8-h EMR+GC and exposed to 900 MHz EMR (370 μW/cm2) for 0, 4 or 8 hours daily for 15 successive days. The rats of the latter two groups were treated intragastrically with GC suspension and those of the first three groups with pure water after exposure to EMR each day. After 15 days of exposure and treatment, all the rats were sacrificed and their testis tissue collected for observation of the histomorphological and ultrastructural changes by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy, measurement of the levels of serum glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) with thiobarbiuric acid and determination of the Prdx2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the rats in the sham-EMR group, those in the 4-h and 8-h EMR groups showed different degrees of histomorphological and ultrastructural changes in the testis tissue, significantly decreased levels of GSH (［80.62 ± 10.99］ vs ［69.58 ± 4.18］ and ［66.17 ± 8.45］ mg/L, P < 0.05) and SOD (［172.29 ± 10.98］ vs ［158.92 ± 6.46］ and ［148.91 ± 8.60］ U/ml, P < 0.05) and increased level of MDA (［7.51 ± 1.73］ vs ［9.84 ± 1.03］ and ［11.22 ± 2.13］ umol/ml, P < 0.05), even more significantly in the 8-h than in the 4-h EMR group (P < 0.05). In comparison with the sham-EMR group, the expression of the Prdx2 protein was markedly downregulated in the 4-h and 8-h EMR groups (0.56 ± 0.03 vs 0.49 ± 0.03, 0.21 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), but again upregulated in the 4-h and 8-h EMR+GC groups (0.55±0.03 and 0.37±0.04) (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Electromagnetic radiation from cellphones can cause ultrastructural damage to the testis tissue of male rats, while Guilingji Capsules can alleviate it, presumably by upregulating the Prdx2 protein expression in the testis tissue and reducing testicular oxidative damage.

Toxicity and metabolism of 3-bromopyruvate in Caenorhabditis elegans / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the toxic effects, changes in life span, and expression of various metabolism-related genes in Caenorhabditis elegans, using RNA interference (RNAi) and mutant strains, after 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) treatment. C. elegans was treated with various concentrations of 3-BrPA on nematode growth medium (NGM) plates, and their survival was monitored every 24 h. The expression of genes related to metabolism was measured by the real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Nematode survival in the presence of 3-BrPA was also studied after silencing three hexokinase (HK) genes. The average life span of C. elegans cultured on NGM with 3-BrPA was shortened to 5.7 d compared with 7.7 d in the control group. hxk-1, hxk-2, and hxk-3 were overexpressed after the treatment with 3-BrPA. After successfully interfering hxk-1, hxk-2, and hxk-3, the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of all mutant nematodes decreased with 3-BrPA treatment for 24 h compared with that of the control. All the cyp35 genes tested were overexpressed, except cyp-35B3. The induction of cyp-35A1 expression was most obvious. The LC50 values of the mutant strains cyp-35A1, cyp-35A2, cyp-35A4, cyp-35B3, and cyp-35C1 were lower than that of the control. Thus, the toxicity of 3-BrPA is closely related to its effect on hexokinase metabolism in nematodes, and the cyp-35 family plays a key role in the metabolism of 3-BrPA.

Network Meta-analysis of effect of traditional Chinese medicine injections in adjuvant treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children / 中国中药杂志

To assess the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection for adjuvant treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children by network Meta-analysis method. We retrieved CNKI, WanFang, CBM, Cochrane Library, PubMed from the establishment to September 2018. Two reviewers independently screened out literatures, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. The data were analyzed by Stata 13.0 software. Totally 89 RCTs were included, involving 8 kinds of traditional Chinese medical injections and 8 936 patients. According to the results of network Meta-analysis, the order by the total effective rate from high to low was Huangqi Injection>Xiyanping Injection>Tanreqing Injection>Compound Danshen Injection>Reduning Injection>Yanhuning Injection>Qingkailing Injection>Xixinnao Injection; the order by cooling time from high to low was Reduning Injection> Yanhuning Injection>Qingkailing Injection>Tanreqing Injection>Huangqi Injection>Xiyanping Injection>Xiexinnao Injection>Compound Danshen Injection; the order by the cough disappeared time from high to low was Compound Danshen Injection>Qingkailing Injection>Xiyanping Injection>Huangqi Injection>Yanhuning Injection>Reduning Injection>Tanreqing Injection>Xixinnao Injection; the order by the rales disappearing time from high to low was Qingkailing Injection>Yanhuning Injection>Reduning Injection>Huangqi Injection>Tanreqing Injection>Xiyanping Injection>Xixinnao Injection. The results show that traditional Chinese medicine injection has a significant clinical efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of various symptoms of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Due to the small sample size, more studies are required to verify the strength of evidence.

The Correlation between E-Selectin S128R Gene Polymorphism and Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Population : A Meta-Analysis

To perform a systematic review of the data collected from case-control studies conducted earlier to investigate the correlation between E-selectin S128R polymorphism and ischemic stroke (IS) risk among the Chinese population. The PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), Chinese databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanfangData knowledge service platform (Wanfang Data), and information resource integration service platform (VIP) Databases were searched to retrieve case-control studies on the correlation between E-selectin gene S128R polymorphism and IS from the inception of the database till June 2019. The literature was screened, data were extracted, the risk of bias was reviewed, and the studies included were assessed independently by two reviewers. Stata ver. 12.0 software (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) was used to perform the meta-analysis. A total of 2907 cases from eight case-control studies involving 1478 IS patients and 1429 controls were included in this study. The R allele and RS genotype in E-selectin were found to be associated with the risk of IS as per the results of the meta-analysis (R vs. S : odds ratio [OR], 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.15-3.51; p<0.00001; RS vs. SS : OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.95-3.19; p<0.00001; RR+RS vs. SS : OR, 2.85, 95% CI, 2.21-3.67; p<0.00001). The E-selectin gene S128R polymorphism is likely related to IS based on the results of a meta-analysis in the Chinese population, and the R allele and RS genotype of E-selectin may be IS risk factors.

Resting heart rate control and prognosis in coronary artery disease patients with hypertension previously treated with bisoprolol: a sub-group analysis of the BISO-CAD study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Resting heart rate (RHR) is considered as a strong predictor of total mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure in hypertension patients. Bisoprolol fumarate, a second-generation beta-adrenoreceptor blockers (β-blocker) is commonly prescribed drug to manage hypertension. The present study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in the average RHR and its association with cardiovascular outcomes in bisoprolol-treated coronary artery disease (CAD) patients from the CAD treated with bisoprolol (BISO-CAD) study who had comorbid hypertension.@*METHODS@#We performed ad-hoc analysis for hypertension sub-group of the BISO-CAD study (n = 866), which was a phase IV, multination, multi-center, single-arm, observational study carried out from October 2011 to July 2015 across China, South Korea, and Vietnam. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with incidence of composite cardiac clinical outcome (CCCO), the results were presented as adjusted odds ratio (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) and adjusted P value.@*RESULTS@#A total of 681 patients (mean age: 64.77 ± 10.33 years) with hypertension from BISO-CAD study were included in the analysis. Bisoprolol improved CCCOs in CAD patients with comorbid hypertension, with RHR <65 and <70 beats/min compared with RHR ≥65 and ≥75 beats/min, respectively, in the efficacy analysis (EA) set. In addition, it lowered RHR in both intent-to-treat (ITT) and EA groups after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment. Further, RHR 70 to 74 beats/min resulted in significantly higher risk of CCCOs EA set of patients (adjusted OR: 4.34; 95% CI: 1.19-15.89; P = 0.03). Also, events of hospitalization due to acute coronary syndrome were higher when RHR 69 to 74 beats/min compared to RHR <69 beats/min in ITT patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Bisoprolol can effectively reduce RHR in Asian CAD patients with comorbid hypertension and hence, improve CCCO without affecting their blood pressure.