Change of the expression level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines around the xenogeneic cancellous bone scaffold after transplantation: an experiment in rabbits / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the dynamic immunity of the porcine cancellous bone scaffold(PCBS) after transplantation and provide experimental evidences for amending and clinical use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PCBS was gained through physical and chemical disposals to porcine cancellous bone and was implanted subcutaneously in rabbit. The histological investigation and the expression of Th1 (such as IL-2, IFN-gamma) and Th2 (such as IL-4, IL-10) mRNA were measured by HE, RT-PCR respectively in 1,2,4,8,12 week postoperation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE revealed: Inflammation cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) were shown abundantly in the surrounding tissue in 1 week and were decreased gradually since 2 week. At 12 week, there were few inflammation cells in the surrounding tissue. RT-PCR revealed: The mRNA expression level of Th1 cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-gamma was high in 1 week and began to fall since 2 week. At 12 week, the mRNA expression level of Th1 cytokines was low; The mRNA expression level of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10 was low in 1 week, rose gradually since 2 week and reached tiptop in 8 week. At 12 week, the mRNA of Th2 cytokines maintained high level expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The porcine cancellous bone scaffold excitate immunoreaction was transitory inflammation after implantation.</p>

Classification and repairing investigation of the whistling deformities in the patients with bilateral cleft lip or bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate after primary cleft lip repair / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To classify the whistling deformities of the patients with bilateral cleft lip or bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate after primary cleft lip repair.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to exposure degrees of the gum and the crown of the anterior upper incisors, 136 patients with whistling deformities after primary repair of bilateral cleft lip at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University were examined and the whistling deformities were classified into four grades. Grade I: the crowns of the left and the right upper incisors were exposed about one-second. Grade II: the whole crowns of the upper incisors were exposed or plus the exposure of the crowns of medial sagittal portion of the left and the right upper lateral incisors. Grade III: the whole crowns of two upper incisors and one-second of the attached gum of two upper incisors or the crowns and one-second of attached gum of the two upper incisors with over two-third of transverse crowns of the lateral incisors were exposed. Grade IV: the crowns and corresponding attached gum of the upper incisors and over two-third of medial sagittal crowns of the upper lateral incisors were exposed. The relation between the degrees of the whistling deformities and the primary procedures of the bilateral cleft lip or the bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixty patients (44.2 percent) had grade I whistling deformities; forty-seven patients (34.5 percent) were Grade II; 16 patients (11.8 percent) were Grade III; 13 cases (9.5 percent) were Grade IV. The results showed that grade I and grade II whistling deformities were obviously more (about 3.7 times) than grade IlI and grade IV whistling deformities.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Classification of whistling deformities provided the objective basis for the selection of operation techniques of cleft lip.</p>

The reconstruction of neovascularization of posterior pharyngeal flap: an experimental study in dogs / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the reconstruction of neovascularization that occurred in the superiorly and inferiorly based posterior pharyngeal flaps in different time postoperatively.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten mongrel dogs were randomly divided into two experimental groups, which were performed superiorly or inferiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap surgery respectively. Each group was then subdivided into five subgroups, and were sacrificed immediately after operation or on 3, 7, 30, 90 day postoperative respectively. Microangiography was used to exhibite the vessel.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. The blood vessel reconstruction of the superiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap was more rapid compared with the inferiorly based flap. The 3-day flap has established an axial vascular network, which was mature on the 30-day flap. The superiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap was mainly supplied by the pedicle. 2. The blood vessels reconstruction of the inferiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap was firstly occurred in the pedicle and apex of the flap, which grew slowly to the middle of the flap. The inferiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap was supplied by the pedicle and the soft palate. A mature axial vascular network was exhibited on the 90-day flap, which was not mature on the 30-day flap.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both superiorly and inferiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap can establish an axial vascular network and gain ample blood supply.</p>