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Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to assess interpersonal nonsexual violence against children and adolescents in a tertiary university hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 240 patients under nonsexual violence situation for 15 consecutive years. Data analyses included demographic data, hospital referral site, type and author of nonsexual violence, legal referral, laboratorial and imaging examinations, and outcomes. Results: Nonsexual violence situation was diagnosed in 240 (0.1%) of 295,993 patients for 15 years: 148 (61.7%) in children and 92 (38.3%) in adolescents. Out of 240, the most frequent types of violence were negligence in 156 (65.0%), physical 62 (25.8%), psychological/emotional aggression 52 (21.7%), Munchausen by proxy syndrome 4 (1.7%), and bullying/cyberbullying in 3 (1.3%). Out of 123, the most common pediatric chronic conditions were chronic kidney disease 24 (19.5%), human immunodeficiency virus 14 (11.4%), prematurity 9 (7.3%), cerebral palsy 8 (6.5%), and asthma 8 (6.5%). Further comparison between children versus adolescent under nonsexual violence situation revealed significant difference between the hospital referral sites. The frequency of patients under violence referred from outpatient clinics was significantly reduced in children versus adolescents (27.7 vs. 62%), whereas emergency department was higher in the former group (57.4 vs. 25.0%; p<0.001). All types of violence situations and pediatric chronic conditions were similar in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Nonsexual violence against our pediatric population was rarely diagnosed in a tertiary hospital, mainly negligence, physical, and psychological/emotional aggression. Approximately two-thirds of violence diagnosis occurred in children, referred mainly by the emergency department. In contrast, approximately one-third of violence diagnosis occurred in adolescents, referred mostly by outpatient clinics.
Objetivo: Avaliar violência interpessoal não sexual contra crianças e adolescentes em um hospital universitário terciário. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 240 pacientes em situação de violência não sexual por 15 anos. A análise incluiu: dados demográficos, local de referência do hospital, tipo e autor da violência, encaminhamento legal, exames laboratoriais e de imagem, e desfechos graves. Resultados: Situações de violência não sexual foram diagnosticadas em 240 de 295.993 (0,1%) pacientes durante os 15 anos do período: 148/240 (61,7%) em crianças e 92/240 (38,3%) em adolescentes. Os tipos de violências mais frequentes foram negligência em 156/240 (65,0%), violência física 62/240 (25,8%), agressão psicológica/emocional 52/240 (21,7%), síndrome de Münchausen por procuração 4/240 (1,7%) e bullying/cyberbullying em 3/240 (1,3%). As condições crônicas pediátricas mais frequentes foram: doença renal crônica 24/123 (19,5%), vírus da imunodeficiência humana 14/123 (11,4%), prematuridade 9/123 (7,3%), paralisia cerebral 8/123 (6,5%) e asma 8/123 (6,5%). Comparações entre crianças e adolescentes em situação de violência não sexual revelaram que houve diferença significativa entre os locais de referência do hospital. A frequência de pacientes sob violência encaminhados de ambulatórios foi significantemente reduzida em crianças versus adolescentes (27,7 vs. 62%), enquanto encaminhamentos de pronto-socorro foram mais numerosos no primeiro grupo (57,4 vs. 25%, p<0,001). Os tipos de violências e condições pediátricas crônicas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos(p>0,05). Conclusões: Violência não sexual na nossa população pediátrica foi raramente diagnosticada em um hospital terciário, principalmente negligência, agressão física e psicológica/emocional. Aproximadamente dois terços dos diagnósticos de violência ocorreram em crianças, preferencialmente encaminhadas pelo departamento de emergência. Em contrapartida, cerca de um terço dos diagnósticos de violência ocorreu em adolescentes, encaminhados principalmente pelos ambulatórios.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.