The predictive effect of ARIMA model for occupational pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province / 中国职业医学

Objective: To verify the accuracy of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) in predicting the incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred as pneumoconiosis) and to predict the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province in the next five years. Methods: A follow-up survey was performed to collect data on pneumoconiosis patients reported in Guangdong Province from 1956 to 2021. Collected data from 1956 to 2016 were used as the training set to build an ARIMA model. Collected data from 2017 to 2021 were used as the prediction set to evaluate the predicting result of the ARIMA model. The ARIMA model was used to predict the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province in next five years. Results: The ARIMA (1,1,2) model was set up after model identification and order estimation. The model was used to predict the prediction set, and its result was good. The ARIMA result and actual values in 2021 were 213 and 210 cases, respectively, with a difference of only three cases. The number of pneumoconiosis cases predicted using the ARIMA model in Guangdong Province from 2022 to 2026 was 214, 204, 202, 194, and 191 cases, respectively, showing a trend of low-level prevalence. Conclusion: The ARIMA model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting pneumoconiosis incidence over a long period of time and with large sample sizes. The forecast results of the ARIMA(1,1,2) model indicate that the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province will be around 200 cases in the next five years, indicating a low-level prevalence.

Survival analysis on patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province from 1980 to 2019 / 中国职业医学

Objective: To study the survival time and its risk factors of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis. Methods: A total of 11 011 newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Guangdong Province from 1980 to 2019 were selected as study subjects. The life table method was used for survival analysis. The influencing factors of survival time of occupational pneumoconiosis patients were analyzed using the WilCoxon (Gehan) test and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: The median survival time of pneumoconiosis patients was 26.0 years. The median survival period of stage Ⅰpatients was 3.5 years longer than that of stage Ⅱ patients and 10.1 years longer than that of stage Ⅲ patients. The median survival time of patients with an initial diagnosis age under 40.0 years old was 34.8 years longer than that of patients with an initial diagnosis age over 60.0 years old. The median survival time of patients with dust exposure duration under 25.0 years old was 13.6 years longer than patients with dust exposure duration age over 45.0 years old. The results of the Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that the initial diagnosis stage, initial diagnosis age, dust exposure duration, and medical insurance were risk factors of the survival time of occupational pneumoconiosis patients (all P<0.01). The risk of reduced survival time for patients with stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ as the initial diagnosis stage was 1.15 and 2.04 times higher, respectively, compared with stage Ⅰ patients (both P<0.01). The risk of reduced survival time for patients without medical insurance was 60.22 times higher than those with medical insurance (P<0.01). Conclusion: The risk factors of the survival time of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Guangdong Province are initial diagnosis stage, initial diagnosis age, the dust exposure age, and medical insurance. Earlier detection, earlier diagnosis, and improvement of medical insurance coverage for patients can effectively improve the survival time of occupational pneumoconiosis patients.

Effect of Arsenic Trioxide Combined with Dihydroartemisinin on THP-1 Cells Proliferation and Apoptosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide combined with dihydroartemisinin on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of THP-1 cells, and explore the mechanism. Method:The thiazolyl blue （MTT） method was applied to detect the effect of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide, dihydroartemisinin and arsenic trioxide combined with dihydroartemisinin on the proliferation of THP-1 cells. Annexin V/propidium iodide（PI）assay was used to detect the change of THP-1 cell cycle and apoptosis．Western blot was performed to assess the expression of cysteine protease-3（Caspase-3）, cleaved Caspase-3, B-lymphocytoma-2（Bcl-2） and Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax）. The changes of cell morphology were observed under high intension microscope. Result:Compared with blank group, arsenic trioxide and dihydroartemisinin both exhibited obvious antiproliferative effect on the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 in time-dose dependence （P<0.01）. After 48 h, compared with the same dose of arsenic trioxide or that of dihydroartemisinin alone, the inhibition effect of 1 µmol·L-1 arsenic trioxide combined with 2 µmol·L-1 dihydroartemisinin on proliferation of THP-1 cells was significantly stronger （P<0.01）. Compared with the control group, arsenic trioxide combined with dihydroartemisinin significantly arrested the cells in G1 phase （P<0.01）, induced the downregulation of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 （P<0.01） and upregulation of cleaved Caspase-3 significantly（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Arsenic trioxide combined with dihydroartemisinin can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of THP-1 cells. The possible mechanism may be related to arrest the cells in G1 phase, reduce the expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2, increase the expression of cleaved Caspase-3.

Glaucoma in Patients with Eyes Close to Areas Affected by Port-wine Stain has Lateral and Gender Predilection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The location of facial port-wine stain (PWS) may be helpful for predicting some associated anomalies; high glaucoma incidence is found in patients with eyes close to PWS-affected areas (V1, ophthalmic branch area of the trigeminal nerve). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of glaucoma in V1-affected PWS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 569 patients with V1 area-affected PWS were reviewed in the study. The large series was based on the referral system between the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and the Department of Ophthalmology. All patients were screened for glaucoma with assessments of intraocular pressure, cup-to-disc ratio, corneal diameter (only for infants), and axial length.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 569 patients, 110 (19.3%) patients had glaucoma. Among the patients, 18.1% (76/420) had early-onset glaucoma (under 4-year-old group). In the 4 to 18-year-old age group, 29.3% (29/99) of the patients had glaucoma. Compared with right lateral and bilateral PWS, left-sided PWS had a lower risk of glaucoma in this study (odds ratio = 0.432 [95% confidence interval, 0.264-0.706], P = 0.01). The under 4-year-old group showed a slight predominance of males (61.8%) in glaucoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High glaucoma incidence was observed in patients with eyes close to PWS. More attention should be paid to glaucoma screening for right lateral and bilateral PWS patients. The predominance of males in Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) early-onset glaucoma patients might be due to the limitation of the case number; however, it might also provide us a new clue of potential relationship between SWS and PCG.</p>

Mechanism of anti-endotoxemia based on LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Toll-like receptors 4(TLR4),an important member of the TLR family,is considered as gene encoding LPS recep?tors,and major receptors for identifying lipopolysaccharide(LPS).LPS-induced TLR4 signaling pathway plays a key role in endotox?emia.After TLR4 activated by LPS,the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factor κB(NF-κB)are activated and large amounts of inflammatory factors are released,triggering inflammatory cascade reaction.This arti?cle reviews the mechanisms of endotoxemia in treatment based on TLR4 signal pathway in three perspectives:the effects of LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway on the upstream target proteins,LPS-induced TLR4 signal transduction,and the downstream target proteins regulat?ed by LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway.

Studies on chemical constituents of Valeriana plants and their biological activities / 中国中药杂志

The recent progresses on chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Valerianawere summarized.Besides-essential oil, the chemical composition of Valerianais mainly focused on monoterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids,lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. Iridoids are the main chemical components ofmonoterpenoids. There are two types ofiridoidson the basis of the cyclopentane open or not. The Valerianahas been drawmuch attention for their significant sedation,spasmolysis,antidepression,antitumor, against adenosine A1 receptors and cytotoxicityactivity,and had certain function for cardiovascular disease treatment. Given to the fact of the lack of systematic review and summary of studies on the Valeriana, we summarized and analyze the study literatures on the pharmacological activity of Valerianain recent years, and providedsome basisfor further study.

Preliminary study on synthesis of novel amphiphilic molecules and their application as drug vectors / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To synthesize three amphiphilic molecules (TEG-R1, TEG-R2, TEG-R3), with branched oligo polyethylene glycol as hydrophilic fractions and aliphatic chains (containing six, eight and twelve carbon atoms respectively) as hydrophobic fractions, and study them as insoluble drug vectors.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Three compounds were successfully through acylation, substitution reaction, reduction reaction and esterification. Their structures were verified by NMR analysis; and the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of TEG-R1, TEG-R2, TEG-R3 were determined by pyrene fluorescence probe spectrometry. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) photos displayed the state of the aqueous solution. The self-assembly solution evaporation method was adopted to prepare drug loading podophyllotoxin micelles, and characterize their grain size, in order to detect the hemolysis of the three amphiphilic molecules.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Nuclear magnetism showed the successful synthesis of three amphiphilic molecules, with critical micelle concentrations of TEG-R1, TEG-R2, TEG-R3 of 50, 50, 10 mg x L(1), respectively. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) photos displayed a spherical-like state, with diameter of 20-50 nm. All of the three amphiphilic molecules could be prepared into drug-loading micelles, with the range of grain sizes between 100-200 nm. Hemdytic experiment showed that, among the amphiphilic molecules of the graft six-carbon aliphatic chain, TEG-R1 could not cause hemolysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of the three amphiphilic molecules are micellized in water solution, and can be used as insoluble drug vectors. Among them, TEG-R1 could not cause hemolysis, and is expected to become a new-type drug vector.</p>

Expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-6, CRP, and MCP-1 in phlegm-damp constitution population detected by multiplexed Luminex assay / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression changes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-(alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and their correlation with obesity in 20 -50 years old population of phlegm-damp constitution (PDC) and of normal constitution (NC) using Luminex technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 101 population were recruited from Health Examination Center of Puren Hospital from April to December 2011. Based on body mass index (BMI), the subjects were assigned to four groups, i.e., the obesity of PDC group (Group OBT, BMI > or = 24 kg/m2, 30 cases), the non-obesity of PDC group (Group NOBT, BMI < 24 kg/m2, 25 cases), the obesity of non-PDC group (Group OBNT, BMI > or = 24 kg/m2, 28 cases), the NC group (Group P, BMI < 24 kg/m2, 18 cases). The BMI and body fat percent (FAT%) were compared among the 4 groups. Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, CRP, and MCP-1 were measured with Luminex technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BMI was significantly higher in Group OBT and Group OBNT than in Group NOBT and Group P (all P < 0.05). The FAT% was significantly higher in Group OBT and Group OBNT than in Group P (P < 0.01). The serum TNF-alpha level in Group OBT was higher than in Group P (P < 0.01). The serum CRP and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in Group OBT, NOBT, and OBNT than in Group P (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The score for PDC was positively correlated with TNF-alpha, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Abnormal higher levels of inflammatory factors exist in 20 -50 years old population of PDC. Chronic inflammation exists in population of PDC and obesity people.</p>

Research and Development on Immunotherapy of Alzheimer's Disease / 上海第二医科大学学报

Alzheimer's disease(AD),the most common form of dementia,it is lack of effective cure or preventive treatment.Dementias in the elder are an increasing medical,social and economic problems and current treatments are only mildly effective.Recently,amyloid-beta protein(A?) has become a major therapeutic target.A? vaccine treatment can improve cognition in the patients with AD,but adverse events,such as meningencephalitis were observed in clinical study.The passive A? immunotherapy in humans is effective with possible safety.However,patients need to be monitored carefully.

Therapeutic effect of neuropeptide PACAP27 on Parkinson's disease in mice / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of pituitary adenylate cyclase- activating polypeptide(PACAP)on the functional and morphological outcome in a mice model of Parkinson' s disease(PD)rendered by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP).Methods Male mice were treated with PACAP 0.02, 0.20 or 2.00 ?g by iv bolus for 7 days after MPTP was administered, and were compared with the saline-treated mice.The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the alterations of PD biomarker including tyrosine hydroxylase(TH), dopamine transporter(DAT)and vesicular monoamine transporter2(VAMT2).In addition, monoamine neurotransmitters in the striatum of mice were measured by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results TH immunohistochemistry indicated that the number of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra was increased in all PACAP-treated mice(PACAP(0.02 ?g/d)group was 93.33?4.87, F=85.85,P