DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 8 plays a critical role in spermatogenesis / 医学前沿

Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL)-4 is a member of the large CRL family in eukaryotes. It plays important roles in a wide range of cellular processes, organismal development, and physiological and pathological conditions. DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 8 (DCAF8) is a WD40 repeat-containing protein, which serves as a substrate receptor for CRL4. The physiological role of DCAF8 is unknown. In this study, we constructed Dcaf8 knockout mice. Homozygous mice were viable with no noticeable abnormalities. However, the fertility of Dcaf8-deficient male mice was markedly impaired, consistent with the high expression of DCAF8 in adult mouse testis. Sperm movement characteristics, including progressive motility, path velocity, progressive velocity, and track speed, were significantly lower in Dcaf8 knockout mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. However, the total motility was similar between WT and Dcaf8 knockout sperm. More than 40% of spermatids in Dcaf8 knockout mice showed pronounced morphological abnormalities with typical bent head malformation. The acrosome and nucleus of Dcaf8 knockout sperm looked similar to those of WT sperm. In vitro tests showed that the fertilization rate of Dcaf8 knockout mice was significantly reduced. The results demonstrated that DCAF8 plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, and DCAF8 is a key component of CRL4 function in the reproductive system.

Zfyve16 regulates the proliferation of B-lymphoid cells / 医学前沿

Zfyve16 (a.k.a. endofin or endosome-associated FYVE-domain protein), a member of the FYVE-domain protein family, is involved in endosomal trafficking and in TGF-β, BMP, and EGFR signaling. The FYVE protein SARA regulates the TGF-β signaling pathway by recruiting Smad2/3 and accelerating their phosphorylation, thereby altering their susceptibility to TGF-β-mediated T cell suppression. Zfyve16 binds to Smad4 and their binding affects the formation of Smad2/3-Smad4 complex in TGF-β signaling. However, the in vivo function of Zfyve16 remains unknown. In this study, we generated a Zfyve16 knockout mouse strain (Zfyve16) and examined its hematopoietic phenotypes and hematopoietic reconstruction ability. The proportion of Tcells in the peripheral blood of Zfyve16 mice increases compared with that in wild-type mice. This finding is consistent with the role of Zfyve16 in facilitating TGF-β signaling. Unpredictably, B cell proliferation is inhibited in Zfyve16 mice. The proliferation potential of Zfyve16 B-lymphoid cells also significantly decreases in vitro. These results suggest that Zfyve16 inhibits the proliferation of T cells, possibly through the TGF-β signaling, but upregulates the proliferation of B-lymphoid cells.

Effect of duration of subcutaneous injection on the extent of bruising at injection sites among patients receiving low-molecular weight heparin:a Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of duration of subcutaneous injection on the extent of bruising at injection sites among patients receiving low- molecular weight heparin. Methods Randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental within-subject design that assessed the effect of subcutaneous duration on the bruising of injection sites were selected in Cochrane library, JBI evidence-based practice medical and nursing database, PubMed biomedical information retrieval platform, Medline general medical literature retrieval database. RevMan5.3 software was used to analyze the data after quality assessment, and data extraction were made for eligible trials. Results A total of 9 trials were included. The results of Meta-analysis supported the 30 s duration injection technique on reducing the rate of bruising of injection sites than 10 s duration injection technique (odds ratio was 0.34,95%confidence interval 0.25-0.47, P 0.05). Conclusions Increasing the length of low-molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection can reduce the rate of bruising. While it could not effectively reduce the area.

Dorsal thumb rotated single pedical reverse island flap repaired thumb tip defect / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of thumb reconstruction with dorsal thumb rotated single pedicel reverse island flap.Methods 49 thumb-tip defects cases with dorsal thumb rotated single pedicel reverse island flap were analyzed retrospectively.37 dorsal thumb reverse island flap were performed,and 12 ulnar-dorsal reverse island flaps were performed.Results The operation time was 40-60 minutes.The mean time was 45 minutes.All 49 cases survived completely.The color of the flaps was purple,and blisters in the surface of the flaps after 1-2 days in 2 cases.After took out stitches partly,the blisters were dried and crusted,the color of the flaps with better blood circulation was normal.The follow-up period was 3-24 months,all thumbs had satisfactory appearances and functions.The two-point discrimination was 6-9mm in flaps inosculated with nerve,that was 8-10 mm in flaps inosculated without nerve.The color,texture and elasticity of flaps were excellent,and the donor sites had not been defected.Conclusion Dorsal thumb rotated single pedicel reverse island flap is a reliable option to restore function as well as appearance,long vascular pedicle with skin strap,wide rotation angle,high rate of survival.It avoided damages to the well-known arteries and nerves.It is a relatively facile procedure that can be applied toward resurfacing thumb tip defects.

Repairing distal leg and foot-ankle soft tissue defect with rotated single pedicel reverse sural neurocutaneous island flap / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of distal leg and foot-ankle reconstruction with rotated single pedicel reverse sural neurocutaneous island flaps. Methods From June 2011 to January 2016, seventeen distal leg and foot-ankle defects cases repaired with rotated single pedicel reverse sural neurocutaneous island flap were analyzed retrospectively. In this study, 13 cases were male, and 4 cases were female. Age ranged from 25 to 65 years old, with an average age of 42.0 ± 8.3 years. Seven cases were distal leg defects, 3 cases were ankle defects, 3 cases were heel defects, and 4 cases were acrotarsium defects; all cases had bone and tendon exposure. The defects ranged from 5.0 cm × 7.0 cm-6.0 cm × 12.0 cm. The flap size ranged from 5.0 cm × 7.0 cm-8.0 cm × 15.0 cm. Results All 17 cases survived completely, without thanatosis, blisters and vascular crisis. The follow-up period was 12-48 months, and the mean was (20.0 ± 11.1) months. The color and elasticity of the flaps was excellent, with satisfactory appearances. Function and appearance of donor sites was not affected. Conclusions The rotated single pedicel reverse sural neurocutaneous island flaps have no injury on main nerves and arteries. The flaps have wide rotation angle and less invalid fold in the pedicel. The simple operation has satisfactory effects and high survival rate. It is a relatively easy procedure that can be applied toward repairing of distal leg and foot-ankle soft tissue defect.

Survey of Dental Service Ability in Yunnan Province / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the ability of dental service in Yunnan province by analyzing the distribution of oral medical institutions,the distribution of oraloral medical staffs,the per capita outpatient costs,and the rate of visiting the doctor.Methods A general survey on oral medical institutions was finished by using questionnaires.Results There were 1045 dental institutions,416 of them were public dental institutions.305 were in Kunming.305 dental institutions were in Kunming,the number of dental institutions per square kilometer was 14.2,the dental manpower index wasl5,the rate of visiting the doctor was 14.19％,per capita outpatient costs were 139.9 Yuan,and the above indexes were ranked first in Kunming.Conclusions In Yunnan province,oral health resources distribution were imbalanced.Dental service ability was uneven,perfect oral disease diagnosis and treatment quality control systems needs to be established,including cultivating specialized nurses relieve the tense situation of oral health care resources,and implenting the four hand operation,so as to effectively improve the quality of medical services.

The correlation study of the glycogene ST8SIA4 in the multidrug resistance of human chronic myeloid leukemia / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the differential expression of ST8SIA4 in the both chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) cell lines KCL22 and adriamycin resistant cell lines KCL22/ADR ,peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CML patients ,to clar-ify the correlation of ST8SIA4 and multidrug resistance of CML .Methods Using real-time PCR and Western blot for quantification of ST8SIA4 ,we compared the differential expression of ST8SIA4 in CML cell lines and PBMC of CML patients .The differentially expressed ST8SIA4 gene was silenced ,and the chemosensitivity to anti-tumor drugs was analyzed in vitro .Results ST8SIA4 was differentially expressed in CML cell lines and PBMC of CML patients(P< 0 .05) .The altered level of ST8SIA4 was increased drug-resistant phenotype of KCL22/ADR cells both in vitro and in vivo(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of ST8SIA4 was different in CML cell lines and PBMC of CML patients ,these characteristic alterations were associated with multidrug resistance in CML .

Association of family cohesion and adaptability in patients accepting maintenance hemodialysis with social supports / 现代临床护理

Objective To investigate the association between social support and family cohesion, adaptability of rural patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Between August 2012 and November 2012, 94 patients with incident hemodialysis from rural areas in Hebei province were consecutively recruited in the study. The social support inventory (SSI) and the Chinese version of the family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scales (FACESII-CV) were employed in the investigation 3 months after the start of hemodialysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to estimate the relationship between social support and familiarity, adaptability in rural MHD patients. Results The score on the family cohesion the adaptability were lower than norm(all P<0.001). The social support was associated with family cohesion and adaptability. The total scores on social support, emotional support and material support were positively associated with the scores on the family cohesion and adaptability (P<0.05). Conclusions The family cohesion and adaptability in rural patients undergoing hemodialysis are both at a lower level and are closely related to emotional and material supports. The higher they get social support, the higher the levels in family cohesion and adaptability.

An investigation on surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients with Burkholderia cepacia contaminated ultrasonic couplant / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In May 2013, an abnormal increase of surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients was reported at one hospital in Zhongshan. An investigation was conducted to identify the risk factors and related control measures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All the reported surgical-site infection records among post cesarean section patients were checked. A review of cesarean section schedules of health workers was also performed. An 1 : 2 case-control study was conducted among surgical-site infection cases in May 2013. Microbiologic cultures were performed on 2 surgical site secretion samples and 12 samples from the environment. All the positive isolates were molecular typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In May 2013, 4 post cesarean section patients who developed surgical-site infection symptom at one hospital in Zhongshan were reported, with an attack rate as 10.3% (4/39). The emergence time of symptom was 2-3 days after operation. All of the 4 cases underwent an emergency operation. The median time interval for cases from admission to operation was 7.2 hours (ranged from 2 to 9 hours), lower than that seen in the controls, with a median time of 20.8 hours (Z = 5.50, P = 0.03). Two of the 4 cases took type-B ultrasonic inspection 1.4 h and 8.4 h before the operation, and the other two cases took continuous fetal heart monitoring 2 hours before the operation. Skin of the operation area on the 4 cases had been exposed to ultrasonic couplant, without a thorough clean. The proportion of type-B ultrasonic inspection or continuous fetal heart monitoring was much higher in cases than in controls (χ² = 5.19, P = 0.01). Burkholderia cepacia (BC) isolates were discovered from:one surgical site secretion, 2 type-B ultrasonic probe samples, one ultrasonic couplant in use and one ultrasonic couplant unopened. All the isolates were identified as 100% identical by PFGE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The skin of operation area of cesarean section patients had been exposed to BC contaminated ultrasonic couplant without thorough cleaning, which seemed to be related to the outbreak of surgical-site infection, in our case.</p>

Analysis on public-private partnerships and implications for China:Cases of Brazil, South Af-rica, and India / 中国卫生政策研究

Around the world, the supply of health services faces challenges, especially in developing nations that suffer from inadequate infrastructure and aging equipment, frequent shortages of medicine and supplies, and low capacity and efficiency of primary health care. At present, more and more governments adopt public-private partner-ships to achieve public policy goals. Among those, Brazil, South Africa, and India have made greater achievements in changing the roles of local government, increasing the supply of primary health care and health care quality, pro-moting health care equality, meeting the needs of multi-level medical services, and promoting health capabilities by using public-private partnerships. This paper provides an overview of public-private partnership practices in the three countries, discusses their reform experiences, and concludes with implications which may be helpful for promoting and scaling up PPP in primary health care in China.

An investigation on surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients with Burkholderia cepacia contaminated ultrasonic couplant / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective In May 2013,an abnormal increase of surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients was reported at one hospital in Zhongshan. An investigation was conducted to identify the risk factors and related control measures. Methods All the reported surgical-site infection records among post cesarean section patients were checked. A review of cesarean section schedules of health workers was also performed. An 1∶2 case-control study was conducted among surgical-site infection cases in May 2013. Microbiologic cultures were performed on 2 surgical site secretion samples and 12 samples from the environment. All the positive isolates were molecular typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE). Results In May 2013,4 post cesarean section patients who developed surgical-site infection symptom at one hospital in Zhongshan were reported,with an attack rate as 10.3%(4/39). The emergence time of symptom was 2-3 days after operation. All of the 4 cases underwent an emergency operation. The median time interval for cases from admission to operation was 7.2 hours(ranged from 2 to 9 hours),lower than that seen in the controls,with a median time of 20.8 hours (Z=5.50,P=0.03). Two of the 4 cases took type-B ultrasonic inspection 1.4 h and 8.4 h before the operation,and the other two cases took continuous fetal heart monitoring 2 hours before the operation. Skin of the operation area on the 4 cases had been exposed to ultrasonic couplant,without a thorough clean. The proportion of type-B ultrasonic inspection or continuous fetal heart monitoring was much higher in cases than in controls(χ2=5.19, P=0.01). Burkholderia cepacia (BC) isolates were discovered from:one surgical site secretion,2 type-B ultrasonic probe samples,one ultrasonic couplant in use and one ultrasonic couplant unopened. All the isolates were identified as 100%identical by PFGE. Conclusion The skin of operation area of cesarean section patients had been exposed to BC contaminated ultrasonic couplant without thorough cleaning,which seemed to be related to the outbreak of surgical-site infection,in our case.

An investigation on surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients with Burkholderia cepacia contaminated ultrasonic couplant / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective In May 2013,an abnormal increase of surgical-site infection among post cesarean section patients was reported at one hospital in Zhongshan. An investigation was conducted to identify the risk factors and related control measures. Methods All the reported surgical-site infection records among post cesarean section patients were checked. A review of cesarean section schedules of health workers was also performed. An 1∶2 case-control study was conducted among surgical-site infection cases in May 2013. Microbiologic cultures were performed on 2 surgical site secretion samples and 12 samples from the environment. All the positive isolates were molecular typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE). Results In May 2013,4 post cesarean section patients who developed surgical-site infection symptom at one hospital in Zhongshan were reported,with an attack rate as 10.3%(4/39). The emergence time of symptom was 2-3 days after operation. All of the 4 cases underwent an emergency operation. The median time interval for cases from admission to operation was 7.2 hours(ranged from 2 to 9 hours),lower than that seen in the controls,with a median time of 20.8 hours (Z=5.50,P=0.03). Two of the 4 cases took type-B ultrasonic inspection 1.4 h and 8.4 h before the operation,and the other two cases took continuous fetal heart monitoring 2 hours before the operation. Skin of the operation area on the 4 cases had been exposed to ultrasonic couplant,without a thorough clean. The proportion of type-B ultrasonic inspection or continuous fetal heart monitoring was much higher in cases than in controls(χ2=5.19, P=0.01). Burkholderia cepacia (BC) isolates were discovered from:one surgical site secretion,2 type-B ultrasonic probe samples,one ultrasonic couplant in use and one ultrasonic couplant unopened. All the isolates were identified as 100%identical by PFGE. Conclusion The skin of operation area of cesarean section patients had been exposed to BC contaminated ultrasonic couplant without thorough cleaning,which seemed to be related to the outbreak of surgical-site infection,in our case.

A survey of stomatological nursing development in Yunnan province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To understand the stomatological development and structure of stomatological nursing condition,to provide references for the stomatological nursing development.Methods A status survey on stomatological nursing human resources and professional development was carried out.834 stomatological nurses in 120 counties were involved,2700 questionnaires were sent out,2512 copies were recovered.Results 465 nurses were employed by the stomatological institutions.Staff with professional titles as nurse accounted for 58.5％,with college degrees accounted for 82.4％.60.0％ of the nurses did not get any professional training in dentistry,72.0％ of the medical agencies did not have any nurses.The stomatological development was directly affected by local economy condition.Conclusions The stomatological nursing development lagged far behind in Yunnan province.Medical institutions and administrative departments need pay more attention to stomatological nursing development.And medical workers should also transform their ideas.

Set up a course of Critical Thinking Improve the ability of clinical thought / 中国医学伦理学

This article studies the teaching practice of the elective course of "Research Methods in Clinical Thought" which covers the formation,regulation and method of clinical thought.It suggests that a course of critical thinking in clinic should be set up to cultivate students' ability of clinical thought after finding the characteristics and thinking process of students' diagnosis and treatment in clinical set.