Changes of Immunological Indexes and Blood Routine in Treatment of Aplastic Anemia by Yiqi Yangxue Prescription / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the immunological characteristics of the patients with aplastic anemia （AA） and elevated hemogram parameters treated with Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with Western medicine and the predictive effects of immunological indexes on elevated hemogram parameters， thus providing a reference for the prediction of the treatment efficacy and the adjustment of the treatment regimen. MethodA retrospective study was conducted， involving 77 AA patients treated with Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with Western medicine for 6 months in 19 medical institutions including Xiyuan Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2018 to March 2021. The patients were assigned into two groups according to the elevations in hemogram parameters ［including hemoglobin （HGB）， white blood cell count （WBC）， platelet （PLT）， and absolute neutrophil count （ANC）］ after 6 months of treatment. One group had the elevation <50%， and the other group had the elevation ≥50% compared with the baseline. The clinical and immunological characteristics were compared between the two groups. Result① Compared with the group with HGB elevation<50%， the group with HGB elevation≥50% showed elevated level of CD3+ human leukocyte antigen-DR （HLA-DR）+ and increased proportion of patients with T-helper cell type 2 （Th2）<5%， CD8+≥50%， and CD3+HLA-DR+≥9% before treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD8+≥50% before treatment was the independent influencing factor for HGB elevation ≥50% ［odds ratio （OR）=12.000， 95% confidence interval （CI） 2.218， 64.928， P<0.01］. ② Compared with the group with WBC elevation<50%， the group with WBC elevation≥50% showed increased proportion of patients with CD3+HLA-DR+<6% and T-box transcription factor （T-bet）≥200% before treatment （P<0.05）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD3+HLA-DR+<6% （OR=2.998， 95%CI 1.036， 8.680， P<0.05） and T-bet≥200% （OR=3.634， 95%CI 1.076， 12.273， P<0.05） before treatment were independent influencing factors for WBC elevation≥50%. ③ Compared with the group with PLT elevation<50%， the group with PLT elevation≥50% presented lowered Th1 and CD3+HLA-DR+ levels and increased proportion of patients with Th1<12%， CD4+≥6%， and CD3+HLA-DR+<5% before treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD3+HLA-DR+<5% before treatment was the independent influencing factor for PLT elevation≥50% （OR=16.190， 95%CI of 3.430 to 76.434， P<0.01）. ④ Compared with the group with ANC elevation<50%， the group with ANC elevation≥50% showed no significant changes in the hemogram parameters before treatment. ConclusionAs for the AA patients with rapid elevation in HGB， Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with Western medicine demonstrate significant effects in the patients with Th2<5% and CD3+HLA-DR+≥9%， especially those with CD8+≥50%. As for the AA patients with rapid elevation in WBC， the therapy was particularly effective in the patients with CD3+HLA-DR+<6% and T-bet≥200%. As for the AA patients with rapid growth in PLT， the therapy was particularly effective in the patients with Th1<12% and CD4+≥6%， especially those with CD3+HLA-DR+<5%.

Early Efficacy Predictors of Bushen Shengxue Prescription Combined with Western Medicine in Treatment of Aplastic Anemia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the predictive indicators of early efficacy of Bushen Shengxue prescription combined with western medicine in the treatment of aplastic anemia， and provide prognosis indicators for the treatment of aplastic anemia （AA） with kidney-tonifying therapy in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） combined with western medicine. MethodA total of 126 patients treated by Bushen Shengxue prescription combined with western medicine in 19 hospitals including Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2018 to March 2021 were selected for a retrospective study. The therapy was proven to be effective after six months of treatment. According to the efficacy after 4 months of treatment， the patients were assigned into a 4-month effective group and a 4-month ineffective group. The age， sex， disease severity （including severe aplastic anemia and non-severe aplastic anemia）， course of disease， degree of bone marrow nucleated cell proliferation， baseline hemogram levels ［including white blood cell count （WBC）， absolute neutrophil count （ANC）， hemoglobin （HGB）， platelets （PLT）， and reticulocytes （RET）］， T lymphocytes subsets， and the expression levels of T-box transcription factor （T-bet） and GATA-binding protein-3 （GATA-3） were compared between the two groups before treatment. ResultThe proportions of patients within the age ranges of ［20， 40） and ［60， 80） were higher in the 4-month effective group （P<0.05）. The sex， disease severity， course of disease， and comorbidities had no significant differences between the two groups. The 4-month effective group had higher baseline levels of HGB， WBC， ANC， and PLT than the 4-month ineffective group （P<0.05）， and there was no significant difference in the RET level between the two groups before treatment. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the PLT level before treatment was an independent factor affecting the onset time， while other indicators did not affect the onset time. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was established to analyze the value of PLT level before treatment for predicting the onset time， and the area under the curve was 0.691. With the critical value of 40.5×109/L， the sensitivity and specificity of the prediction that the therapy will take effect within 4 months were 0.569 and 0.893， respectively. The two groups of patients were graded according to age ｛（14， 20）， ［20， 40）， ［40， 60）， and ［60， 80）｝ and PLT level before treatment （PLT<40×109/L， PLT≥40×109/L）. The proportion of the patients with PLT≥40×109/L before treatment in the 4-month effective group was significantly higher than that in the 4-month ineffective group （P<0.05）. The degree of bone marrow nucleated cell proliferation before treatment had no significant difference between the two groups. The level of total T lymphocytes in the 4-month effective patients was lower than that in the 4-month ineffective patients before treatment （P<0.05）. The levels of Th1 cells， Th2 cells， CD4+ T cells， and CD8+ T cells showed no significant differences between the two groups before treatment. The T-bet expression level in the 4-month effective group was higher than that in the 4-month ineffective group before treatment （P<0.05）， while the expression level of GATA-3 showed no significant difference between the two groups before treatment. ConclusionBushen Shengxue prescription combined with western medicine will achieve faster effect for the patients within the age ranges of ［20， 40） or ［40， 60）， with higher levels of HGB， WBC， ANC， and PLT （especially those with PLT≥40×109/L）， lower level of total T lymphocytes， or higher T-bet expression level before treatment.

Analysis of Predictive Factors for Efficacy of Yiqi Yangxue Prescription Combined with Western Medicine in Treatment of Aplastic Anemia in Non-elderly Adults / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the predictive factors for the efficacy of Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with western medicine in treating aplastic anemia （AA） in non-elderly adults， so as to provide a reference for predicting the prognosis of this therapy. MethodA retrospective study was conducted with the clinical data of non-elderly adult AA patients who visited 19 hospitals including Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2018 to March 2021 and were treated with Yiqi Yangxue Prescription combined with western medicine. According to the efficacy evaluation results at the 6th month of treatment， the patients were assigned into effective and ineffective groups. The two groups were compared in terms of the gender， age， disease classification ［non-severe aplastic anemia （NSAA）/severe aplastic anemia （SAA）］， course of disease， family history， complications， history of drug allergy， baseline blood routine examination ［hemoglobin （HGB）， white blood cell （WBC）， neutrophil （ANC）， platelet （PLT）， and reticulocyte （Ret）］， T lymphocyte subsets， degree of proliferation of nucleated cells in bone marrow， and expression of T-bet and GATA-3. ResultA total of 101 non-elderly adult AA patients were enrolled in this study， including 81 in the effective group and 20 in the ineffective group. The effective group had a higher proportion of the patients without a history of drug allergy than the ineffective group （P<0.05）. The body height， body weight， gender， age， disease classification， course of disease， family history， and complications showed no significant differences between two groups. The effective group had higher levels of ANC and PLT before treatment （P<0.05） and higher proportion of patients with ANC≥1.6×109/L and PLT≥25×109/L （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the ineffective group. The baseline levels of WBC， HGB， and Ret showed no significant statistical differences between two groups. The levels of CD3+HLA-DR+T cells in the effective group before treatment was higher than that in the ineffective group （P<0.05）. The levels of CD3+CD19-T cells， CD4+T cells， CD8+T cells， Th1 cells， Th2 cells， and CD3+CD25+T cells showed no significant statistical differences between two groups before treatment. The proportion of patients with active bone marrow nucleated cells proliferation in the effective group before treatment were significantly higher than that in the ineffective group, while the proportion of patients with reduced or extremely reduced proliferation were significantly lower than that in the ineffective group （P<0.05）. The expression levels of T-bet and GATA-3 genes had no significant differences between two groups before treatment. The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that the ANC level before treatment and history of drug allergy were independent influencing factors for efficacy （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while other indicators were not influencing factors for efficacy. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of the ANC level before treatment in the treatment of AA in non-elderly adults with Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with western medicine. The area under the curve was 0.679 （P<0.05）， with the critical value of 1.595×109/L， the sensitivity of 0.42， and the specificity of 0.95. ConclusionThe history of drug allergy， pre-treatment ANC， PLT， CD3+HLA-DR+ T cell levels， and proliferation of nucleated cells in bone marrow before treatment are predictive factors for the efficacy of Yiqi Yangxue prescription combined with western medicine in treating AA in non-elderly adults. This therapy tends to be more effective for the patients with no history of drug allergy， higher ANC and PLT levels before treatment， especially those with ANC≥1.6×109/L， PLT≥25×109/L， and higher CD3+ HLA-DR+T cell levels and the more active proliferation of nucleated cells in bone marrow before treatment.

Clinical Effect of Bushen Shengxue Prescription on Chronic Aplastic Anemia and Its Effect on T Cell Subsets and Expression of T-bet and GATA3 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of Bushen Shengxue prescription and Yiqi Yangxue prescription in the treatment of chronic aplastic anemia and the effect on T cell subsets and the expression of T-box expressed in T cells （T-bet） and GATA binding protein 3 （GATA3）. MethodA total of 585 patients with chronic aplastic anemia who were treated in 19 hospitals in China from May 2018 to June 2021 were enrolled. With the prospective， double-blind and randomized control methods， the patients were randomized into three groups： kidney deficiency group， Qi and blood deficiency group， and control group. The three groups were respectively treated with Bushen Shengxue prescription granule， Yiqi Yangxue prescription granule， and Placebo （half the dose of Bushen Shengxue formula granules）. In addition， all of them were given oral cyclosporin and androgen. The treatment lasted 6 months， with 3 months as a course. The blood routine indexes， T cell subsets， and fusion genes T-bet and GATA3 before and after treatment were analyzed， and the safety indexes were monitored. ResultDuring the observation， a total of 75 cases dropped out and 18 were rejected. Finally， 161 cases in the kidney deficiency group， 164 in the Qi and blood deficiency group， and 167 in the control group were included. After 6 months of treatment， the total effective rate was 98.8% （159/161） in the kidney deficiency group， which was higher than the 79.9% （131/164） in the Qi and blood deficiency group （χ2=30.135， P<0.01） and the 61.7% （103/167） in the control group （χ2=70.126， P<0.01）. The total effective rate was higher in the Qi and blood deficiency group than in the control group （χ2=13.232， P<0.01）. After treatment， the hemoglobin （HGB） content increased significantly in three groups （P<0.05） as compared with that before treatment， particularly the kidney deficiency group （P<0.01）. After treatment， the white blood cell （WBC） count and platelet （PLT） count in the kidney deficiency group and the control group increased compared with those in the Qi and blood deficiency group （P<0.01）. There was no specific difference in neutrophils （ANC） after treatment among the three groups. At the same time point， the level of T helper type 1 （Th1） cells， Th1/Th2 ratio （P<0.05）， level of CD4+， and CD4+/CD8+ ratio （P<0.05） were significantly low in the kidney deficiency group among three groups. There was no significant difference in CD19-， HLA/DR+， and CD25+ between the kidney deficiency group and the other two groups， but the T-bet of the kidney deficiency group and the control group was lower than that of the Qi and blood deficiency group （P<0.05）. ConclusionBushen Shengxue prescription exerts therapeutic effect on the aplastic anemia by improving the immunoregulatory mechanism， inhibiting the activity of immune system， modulating T cell subsets， suppressing Th1 and CD4+， and promoting bone marrow hematopoiesis. Moreover， it is safe with little side effects， which is worthy of further promotion.

Telomere length and expression of P53 and P21 in BMMNC of patients with aplastic anemia / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia ( AA) through the expression of P 53 and P21, and the telomere length in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) of patients with AA.METHODS: The BMMNC were collected from 60 cases of AA, including 38 non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA) and 22 severe aplastic ane-mia (SAA), and 25 healthy controls.The mRNA expression of P53 and P21, and the telomere length were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while the protein expression of P53 and P21 was determined by Western blot.The correlations among P53, P21 and telomere length were analyzed .Hematopoietic components of bone marrow were measured by bone marrow biopsy .CD34 +cells proportion in nuclear cells were assessed by flow cytometry . RESULTS:Telomere length in the patients with AA , including NSAA and SAA , was significantly lower than that in con-trol group (P<0.05).The same results of the hematopoietic components of bone marrow and the CD 34+cells proportion in nuclear cells were observed .Telomere length in SAA group was shorter than that in NSAA group ( P<0.05 ) , while the hematopoietic components of bone marrow and the CD 34 +cells proportion in nuclear cells also showed the same results . The expression of P53 and P21 at both mRNA and protein levels in the AA patients , including NSAA and SAA , was signi-ficantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The expression of P53 and P21 in the SAA patients was higher signi-ficantly than that in the NSAA patients ( P<0.05 ) .No correlation between the expression of P 53 or P21 and telomere length was found . There was significant positive correlation between the expression of P 53 and P21 ( P <0.05 ) . CONCLUSION:Telomere length, P53 and P21 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AA by inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells , and triggering cell apoptosis .

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens at hematology department of Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015: results from a multicenter, retrospective study / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To describe the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens at hematology department of Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015 to provide reference for empirical anti-infection treatment.@*Methods@#Pathogens were from hematology department of 26 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or agar dilution method. Collection of drug susceptibility results and corresponding patient data were analyzed.@*Results@#The separated pathogens amounted to 4 306. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.26%, while the proportions of gram-positive bacteria and funguses were 26.99% and 8.75% respectively. Common gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (20.48%) , Klebsiella pneumonia (15.40%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.50%) , Acinetobacter baumannii (5.04%) and Stenotropho-monas maltophilia (3.41%) respectively. CRE amounted to 123 (6.68%) . Common gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (4.92%) , Staphylococcus hominis (4.88%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.71%) respectively. Candida albicans were the main fungus which accounted for 5.43%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were 3.5%-6.1% and 5.0%-6.3% respectively. The rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to tobramycin and amikacin were 3.2% and 3.3% respectively. The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii towards tobramycin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were both 19.2%. The rates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to minocycline and sulfamethoxazole were 3.5% and 9.3% respectively. The rates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis resistant wards vancomycin were 0, 6.4% and 1.4% respectively; also, the rates of them resistant to linezolid were 1.2%, 0 and 1.6% respectively; in addition, the rates of them resistant to teicoplanin were 2.8%, 14.3% and 8.0% respectively. Furthermore, MRSA accounted for 39.15% (83/212) .@*Conclusions@#Pathogens were mainly gram-negative bacteria. CRE accounted for 6.68%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were lower compared with other antibacterial agents. The rates of gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin were still low. MRSA accounted for 39.15%.

Effect of Yiqi Yangyin Recipe and Its Different Assembling on Apoptosis Rate and Expression of Associated Protein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mice / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effects of Yiqi Yangyin Recipe (supplementing qi and nourishing yin) and its different assembling on apoptosis rate and associated protein expression of c-myc and survivin in mice, and explore its mechanism. Methods NOD-SCID mice were injected with l×106 KG1a cells from the tail vein after irradiation of 60Co. Model mice were randomly divided into control group, whole recipe group, strengthening body resistance group, eliminating pathogens group. The treatment groups were given correspongding administration, and control group was given equal volume of NS. Flow cytometry was applied to measure apoptosis rate. The immunochemistry method was used to detect the expression of c-myc, survivin. Results Apoptosis rate in all treatment groups were increased (P<0.01). The expression of c-myc and survivin in lymph node tissues in all treatment groups were significantly declined compared with control group (P<0.05). The effect of whole recipe group on the all indices was superior to strengthening body resistance group and eliminating pathogens group (P<0.05). Conclusion Yiqi Yangyin Recipe can decrease the expressions of c-myc and survivin, induce apoptosis in leukemia cells, therefore shows the therapeutic effect.

Prospective multicentre study of chemotherapeutic regimen containing pirarubicin on the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia in adults / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy and toxicity of the chemotherapeutic regimen containing pirarubicin and mitoxantrone on the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this open prospective multicentre study, we randomly assigned patients with relapsed or refractory AML to receive TAE regimen (pirarubicin+cytarabine+etoposide) versus MAE regimen (mitoxantrone + cytarabine + etoposide). The efficacy and toxicity were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>56 patients entered this clinical trial. The complete remission (CR) rate on TAE arm was 79.0% versus 55.6% on MAE arm with the overall response (OR) rates of 86.8% versus 88.9%, respectively. The CR was higher on TAE arm (P=0.035) but with no significant difference between the two groups regarding the overall response (OR) rate. The regimens were well tolerated in both groups. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity were similar except relatively lower the mean dosage of G-CSF, red blood cells and platelets transfusion on TAE arm. No significant differences were seen between the two groups regarding the overall survival and relapse free survival rates.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TAE regimen might be an effective salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory AML.</p>

Relationship between the expression of SOCS-1/3 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and interferon therapeutic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the relationship between the the expression of SOCS-1/3 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and interferon therapeutic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B were given interferon therapy.After 24 weeks treatment,according to biochemical and virologic response,they were divided into two groups:response and non response group.HBV-DNA was detected by PCR.The SOCS-1/3 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR.Results The expression of SOCS-1 in the PBMCs of response group after 24 weeks treatment was significantly higher than that before interferon therapy (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of SOCS-3 in the PBMCs of response group after 24 weeks trentment was significantly lower than that before interferon therapy (P ＜ 0.05).In non response group,there were no significant differences in the expression of SOCS-1/3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The increase expression of SOCS-1 mRNA and the decrease of SOCS-3 mRNA in the PBMCs in chronic hepatitis B patients received 24 weeks interferon-therapy probably is relevant to the IFN-α antiviral effect.

POT1 Gene Expression in Patients of Acquired Aplastic Anemia with Different TCM Syndromes and Correlation Study / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the mRNA expression levels of POT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of acquired aplastic anemia patients with different syndrome, and explore its relationship with acquired aplastic anemia and its TCM syndrome. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 52 cases with acquired aplastic anemia and 20 cases as control group were collected to detect mRNA expression of POT1 by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and its relation with TCM syndrome was analyzed. Results The expression levels of POT1 mRNA in patients with acquired aplastic anemia were lower significantly than control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of POT1 mRNA in patients with deficiency of kidney-yin were lower than patients with deficiency of kidney-yang, and it was lowest in patients with kidney deficiency of both yin and yang. There was significant correlation between the expression levels of POT1 mRNA and age (r=0.374, P=0.038). Conclusion The changes in expression levels of POT1 play a role in the pathogenesis of acquired aplastic anemia. There is correlation between mRNA expression level of POT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and TCM syndrome.

Relationship between the serum chemokine IP-10 and RANTES levels and Interferon therapeutic early response in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum chemokine IP-10 and RANTES levels and Interferon therapeutic early response in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B were chosen into interferon therapy.After 12 weeks,they were devided into three groups:complete response A、partial response B、non response C group.HBV-DNA was detected by PCR;The serum chemokines( IP-10 and RANTES) were measured by Luminex Liquichip technology.Results The base HBV DNA and RANTES levels of three groups weren't significantly different (P ＜0.05) ;The base ALT and IP-10 levels of A group were significantly higher than that in B and C group( P ＜ 0.05).The IP-10、RANTES contents of A group in therapeutic 4th week were significantly lower than that before interferon therapy(P ＜ 0.05 );There were no significant differences in B、C group (P ＞0.05) ;The levels changes of IP-10、RANTES、HBV DNA and ALT in therapeutic 12th week were significantly different between the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),The level of ALT in 50 patients has positive correlation with IP-10 level (P ＜ 0.05) ;The level of HBV DNA in 50 patients had positive correlation with RANTES level( P ＜ 0.05 ) ;The base level of IP-10 had positive correlation with the change of HBV-DNA contents in therapeutic 12th week( P ＜0.05 ) ;The change of ALT level in reponse patients in therapeutic 12th week had positive correlation with the change of IP-10 、RANTES levels( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The decrease of IP-10,RANTES level in CHB patients received 12weeks interferon-α therapy could lead to reduce liver inflammation;The base IP-10 level probably was relevant to the early response in CHB patients received interferon-α therapy.

A new therapeutic strategy in myelodysplasia syndromes: modification of the epigenome / 白血病·淋巴瘤

The term epigenetics refers to a number of biochemical modifications of chromatin that, without altering the primary sequence of DNA, play a role in genomic regulation and in control of particular gene expression. These modifications involve several kinds, such as DNA methylation, histone code modifications and chromatin remodeling. It is accepted that these modifications is as common in solid tumors as it is in hematologic malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS). So many specialists suggest that the study of this area is very valuable. The current clinical information regarding different forms of epigenetic therapy in patients with MDS were focused in this review.

Influence of traditional medicine prescription on Flt3 and N-ras mRNA expression in leukemic stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:There is a group of leukemic stem cell (LSC) in patients with leukemia. These malignant stern cells, although rare, but self-renewal, with a certain degree of differentiation is the existence of leukemic cells and causes of their continued proliferation. Intervention of leukemia-specific targeted treatment drugs has become a research hotspot in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of traditional medicine compound on expression of flt3 and N-ras mRNA in LSCs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, grouping experiment was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2007 to December 2008.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 50 cases of acute myelocytic leukemia admitted to Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between 2006 and 2007 were selected, including 5 cases of type FAB, 15 of M2, 9 of M4 and 21 of M5.METHODS: Original prescription: Huangqi, Hedyotic diffusa, Xiaoji, Taizishen, Banzhilian, Pugongying, Rehmannia dride rhizome, Huangjing, Nuzhenzi, ecliptae herba, Tiandong, Maidong, Baizhu, Fuling, Liquorice root. Fuzheng prescription: Huangqi, Hedyotic diffusa, Xiaoji, Banzhilian, Pugongying, ecliptae herba. Preparation: the above-mentioned three groups of drugs were prepared into 1 g/mL medicine liquid by Laboratory of Chinese Drug Preparation of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. When it was negative in sterility test, the liquid was filtrated and sterilized. 5 mL bone marrow was separately harvested from M1, M2, M4, and M5 leukemia patients, diluted and placed in lymphocyte isolation solution. LSCs were purified by magnetic activated cell sorting and flow cytometry. The cell concentration was adjusted to 2×108/L and divided into 4 groups: control (no treatment), and three experimental groups (treated separately with original, Fuzheng, Quxie prescriptions at final concentration of 100 mg/L). The cells were cultured for 48 additional hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of Flt3 and N-ras in LSCs. RESULTS: The expression of flt3 in three experimental groups was significantly decreased compared with control group (P < 0.05), in particular, original prescription group decreased the most (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found between Fuzheng and the Quxie prescription groups (P>0.05). The expression of N-ras in four groups was similar to Flt3. CONCLUSION: Flt3 and N-ras mRNA were overexpressed in LSCs. Chinese medicine original prescription and its Fuzheng or Quxie prescriptions decreased Flt3 and N-ras mRNA expression.

Progress in the studies of leukemia stem cell / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells are organized in a hierarchical fashion, with only the most primitive rare population (leukemia stem cell, LSC) of AML cells capable of maintaining the leukemic clone. Due to a predominantly G0 cell-cycle status, LSC may not be responsive to conventional chemotherapeutic agents.compared with leukemia blasts. It is proposed that surviving LSC are a major contributing factor to leukemia relapse. This article reviewed the data emerging from the study of LSC, elucidated the distinct cellular and molecular characteristics of the LSC population,and the target therapy of LSC, which may shed new light on AML therapy and leukemogenesis study.

Effect of Chronic Aplastic Anemia Treated with Promoting Kidney and Tonifing Bone Method on the Expression of Hematopoiesis Regulation Factors IL-3,SCF,IFN-? and TNF-? mRNA / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effect of chronic aplastic anemia patients treated with promoting kidney and tonifing bone herbs on the expression of hematopoiesis regulation factors,and discuss the mechanism of kidney-promoting herbs. Methods 120 cases of chronic aplastic anemia were randomly divided into two groups,90 cases treated with promote kidney and tonify bone method,and 30 cases treated with western medicine. Besides these,10 cases of volunteers’ bone marrow were collected as normal control. Hematopoiesis regulation factors such as SCF,IL-3,TNF-? and IFN-? mRNA semi-quantitative expression were observed by RT-PCR. Results The expression level of SCF and IL-3 mRNA in two groups was lower obviously than normal control(P

Plasma thrombopoietin levels in patients with aplastic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the role of thrombopoietin (TPO) in the pathology of chronic thrombocytopenic disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We measured the endogenous plasma concentration of TPO in 40 patients with acquired aplastic anaemia (AA) and in 32 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by a sensitive Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared the results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Plasma TPO concentrations were significantly higher in AA patients (774 +/- 393 pg/ ml) in comparison with healthy control subjects (55 +/- 34 pg/ml, P < 0.001), and there was a significant negative correlation between their plasma TPO concentrations and platelet counts. In patients with ITP, however, the TPO levels were normal or only slightly elevated (73 +/- 36 pg/ml), and there was no significant difference compared with healthy controls (P > 0.05). There was also no relationship between their plasma TPO levels and platelet counts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TPO levels may be regulated not only by platelets but also by megakaryocytes in AA and ITP, and measurement of TPO levels is useful for diagnosing thrombocytopenia and understanding the pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia.</p>