Discussion on the Social Return after the Outbreak of COVID -19 / 中国医学伦理学

After COVID -19, patients, medical workers and the whole society in COVID -19 were faced with the challenge of how to quickly return to normal life. Patients cured in COVID -19 would face mental or psychological barriers, or be discriminated against, or face problems such as overweight of local epidemic prevention policies. The front-line medical personnel experienced job burnout and a variety of mental and psychological disorders, with some even developing physical symptoms. During the epidemic, ordinary people were in a state of psychological stress, education, production and economic activities were affected, and the incidence of mental or psychological disorders increases. It was necessary to provide COVID -19 patients with mental health monitoring and counseling. Give professional guidance to front-line medical staff, arrange rotation reasonably, and pay attention to their mental health status. Local governments should strictly implement the national epidemic prevention system, formulate epidemic prevention policies with humanistic care, actively publicize epidemic related knowledge and safeguard the rights and interests of the people.

To compare the surgery indicators of early lung cancer patients between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy / 中国医学装备

Objective:To compare the surgery indicators of early lung cancer patients between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy in order to provide suggestion for surgery scheme.Methods: 126 early lung cancer patients, from March 2014 to January 2016 stayed in our hospital, were chosen as observation object. They were divided in control group (63 cases, thoracotomy) and observation group (63 cases, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery), and to compare series of surgery indicators, IL-6 and TNF-α between the two groups.Results: The operating time and blood loss of observation group were lower, and the dissected lymph node number of observation group was higher than control group, respectively, and both of the differences were statistical significant (t=6.568,t=3.096, P<0.05;t=3.659,P<0.05); the hospital stay, catheter-retaining time and pain score of observation group were lower than control group, and the differences also were statistical significant (t=15.850,t=12.379,t=10.272;P<0.05); the differences of IL-6 and TNF-α between two groups were no statistical significant before treatment, and both of them reduced after treatment; both of the IL-6 and TNF-αof observation group were lower than control group (t=13.073, t=1.629;P<0.05); on the other hand, the total rate of complications of observation group, such as pneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis and arrhythmia, were higher than control group (x2=0.208, x2=2.800,x2=0.341;P<0.05). Conclusion: Early lung cancer patients are more suitable for video assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and its effect is better and is more conducive to the rehabilitation of patients after surgery.

Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by diabetes mellitus after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the prognosis of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods A total of 858 HCC patients,who were admitted to the Affiliated Xinhua Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,China,during the period from January 2010 to June 2015 to receive TACE,were selected.Among the 858 HCC patients,175 patients suffered from coexisting DM (DM group) and 683 patients had no DM (non-DM group).The differences in general clinical data and overall survival between the two groups were analyzed.Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate,the difference between the two groups was evaluated by log-rank method,and Cox proportional hazards regression was adopted to analyze the prognostic factors of HCC patients after receiving TACE.Results There were no statistically significant differences in sex,age,serum albumin,total bilirubin,prothrombin time,alpha fetoprotein (AFP),Child-Pugh grade,tumor size and number,cirrhosis,number of TACE treatment times and BCLC staging between the two groups (P＞0.05);the fasting blood glucose (FPG)level in DM group was higher than that in non-DM group (P＜0.05).The 1-,3-and5-year survival rates of the DM group were 60.9％,27.5％ and 10.7％ respectively,which were 70.9％,36.0％ and 17.6％ respectively in the non-DM group;the Log-rank test showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.008).Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that the largest tumor diameter ＞5 cm,multiple tumor lesions,AFP＞20 ng/ml,BCLC stage and coexisting DM were independent risk factors that affected the prognosis of HCC patients after receiving TACE.Conclusion The coexisting DM is an independent risk factor that may affect the prognosis of patients with inoperable HCC after receiving TACE.

Function analysis of paravertebral nerve block for preemptive analgesia on patients with thoracic surgery / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of paravertebral nerve block for preemptive analgesia on patients with thoracic surgery,and provide reference for clinical anesthesia.Methods From March 2014 to February 2016,102 patients with thoracic surgery in our hospital were selected as the research object,and they were divided into the observation group and the control group with 51 cases in each group according to the anesthesia methods.All the patients were given total intravenous anesthesia.Patients of the control group were injected propofol 1~2 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.4~0.5 g/kg,midazolam 0.1 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.5~0.7 mg/kg,while patients of the observation group were injected ropivacaine(with concentration of 0.5%)5 mL,sufentanil 0.1~0.3 μg·kg-1·min-1 and propofol 6~8 mg·kg-1·min-1 as an addition with the use of ultrasound to guide the paravertebral nerve block.The effect of the two groups were compared.Results The dosage of propofol,remifentanil and rocuronium in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group during the operation.The VAS score,postoperative pulmonary complication rate,ICU rate,extubation time,postoperative recovery time at different time of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and SpO2 was higher in control group 30 minutes after tracheal extubation, the differences were significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Paravertebral nerve block requires less dosage of anaesthetic, and it has more significant analgesia effect on patients with thoracic surgery, which can efficiently promote the recovery of patients.

Image guided radiotherapy enhances the precision of radiotherapy for vertebra metastasis / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the precision of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for vertebra metastasis.Methods Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT, ELEKTA SynergyTM) scanning was performed to 15 patients with vertebra metastasis treated with three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) or intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).CBCT images were then compared with corresponding planning images to calculate the position errors.The isocenter was adjusted based on the errors calculated , CBCT scanning was re - performed , and the new - errors were then calculated .Results Compared to the firstly collected CBCT images, the average errors of 4 cases of cervical bone metastases in x (left-right), y (cervical-caudal), and z (anterior-posterior) directions were 1.8 mm, 0 mm and 3.6 mm respectively.After adjusting the isocenter, the new-errors were reduced to 0.1 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.3 mm.For 11 cases of thoracic and lumbar bone metastases, the average errors in x, y, and z directions were 1.9 mm, 0.1 mm, and -2.1 mm, respectively.While the new-errors were reduced to 0.9 mm, 0.5 mm and -0.3 mm.Conclusions IGRT can improve the precision of radiotherapy for vertebra metastasis to less than 2 mm, which provides a possibility of dose escalation in GTV while reduce the dose in the spinal cord.

The clinical analysis of three methods in the treatment of intracranial bacterial infection / 药物分析学报

Objective To analyze the effect of three therapeutic methods to find an optimal approach to the treatment of intracranial bacterial infection by retrospectively reviewing 33 intracranial bacterial infection patients who were admitted from 1995 to 2008 in oar hospital. Methods The treatments by intermittent lumbar puncture,continuous lumbar subarachnoid space drainage, and embedment of Ommaya cyst for continuous drainage from the ventricles were performed in 15 cases, 12 cases, and 6 cases respectively along with intravenous application of full dose of antibiotics. Results Nineteen cases were cured and the best prognosis was from the group of Ommaya cyst embedment and continuous drainage from the ventricles. Conclusion Management goals are prompt recognition of the central nervous system (CNS) infection, rapid identification of causative organisms and initiation of treatment with the optimal management methods for complications. Embedment of Ommaya cyst for continuous drainage from the ventricle is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial bacterial infection.

Impact of ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT on treatment strategy of non-small cell lung cancer / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To evaluate the impact of PET/CT on the clinical therapeutical strategy of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Sixty patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC supposed to accept radical radiotherapy or surgical operation were firsthy divided into group A (stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and group B (stage Ⅲ) according to CT findings, and the individualized treatment strategy was designed, then restage and compare with different stage and management with initial treatment strategy by PET/CT scanning. Results ①PET/CT scanning restaged the TNM stage in 53.33% (32/60) patients, including 3 of T stage, 23 of N stage and 9 of M stage. Changes of stage occurred in 65.85% (27/41) patients with adenocarcinoma and in 26.32% (5/19) with squamous carcinoma (P＜0.05), while in 34.29 (12/35) with central and 57.14% (20/35) with peripheral NSCLCs (P＜0.05). ②PET/CT scanning resulted in alteration of the managements of NSCLC patients. The management changed from radical into palliative strategy with PET/CT information in 9 (15.00%) patients. In 25 patients who were supposed to accept surgical operation, the treatment changed to radical radiotherapy in 8 (8/25, 32.00%) and to palliative radiotherapy in 5 (20.00%) patients. In 35 patients who were supposed to accept radiotherapy, surgical operation or palliative radiotherapy was finally chosen in 5.71% (2/35) and 11.43% (4/35) patients, respectively. Conclusion PET/CT images can make significant alteration to clinical stage and treatment plan in patients with NSCLC.

The development of an OxyHb animal model in mice and the study on OxyHb-induced apoptosis of mouse brain cells in vivo / 药物分析学报

Objective On the basis of developing a new animal model for oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) injection into subarachnoid space in mice, this research was to explore the temporal dependence and spatial distribution of OxyHb- induced apoptosis in the mouse brain cells in vivo and the mechanism of neurocyte injury induced by OxyHb. Methods The animal model for OxyHb injection into subarachnoid space in mice was developed. Mice were divided randomly into the experimental group (n=40) and the control group (n= 35). The control group received saline injection (50 μL ) and the experimental group received OxyHb injection (50 μL ), both into the subarachnoid space. The mice of the two groups were subdivided according to different postoperative time (3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h). The apoptosis or necrosis of cells was distinguished with microscopy (HE staining), transmission electron microscopy and TUNEL method. Results The distribution of apoptosis was mainly in the ipsilateral neocortex and bilateral hippocampal gyrus. The apoptotic mouse brain cells showed morphological changes in the experimental group by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. The count of TUNEL-positive cells showed substantial increase in the experimental group, and there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups, and the number of OxyHb- induced apoptotic cells decreased with time. Conclusion OxyHb in subarachnoid space in mice can induce apoptasis, but not necrosis of mouse brain cells in viro. The apoptotic brain cells show the pattern of temporal dependence and spatial distribution. It is suggested that the early treatment should be the method of first choice for treating the hemorrhagic brain injury.

The comparison research of intrathecal injection of oxygen and hyperbaric oxygen on the rehabilitation of patients with craniocerebral injury / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the role of intrathecal i njection of oxygen in the treatment of patients with craniocerebral injury throu gh the comparison research of intrathecal injection of oxygen and hyperbaric oxy gen on the rehabilitation of patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods A total of 150 patients were divided into three gro ups: the group of intrathecal injection of oxygen, the group treated with hyperb aric oxygen and the group of intrathecal injection of air. CSF was applied via l umbar puncture. The rehabilitative function of patients was observed and the lev el of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialedhyde (MDA), and nitrogen monoxide ( NO) in CSF were measured. Results The neurological function of the patients treated w ith oxygen injected intrathecally intrathecal injection of oxygen was improved w as more significanty than that of patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen; the i ncrease of SOD, NO and the decrease of NO were more significant than that in the group treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Conclusion Intrathecal injection of oxygen can improve the rehabilitative function more significantly than the hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of craniocerebral injury.

Long-term results of chemotherapy alone or combined with radiation therapy for limited-stage small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To evaluate therapeutic outcome of limited stage small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy alone or combined with radiation therapy with different doses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed in 128 limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients who were treated with three different ways of treatment, from February 1988 to March 1998 in Heilongjiang Cancer Hospital. All patients were pathologically proved. Forty-two patients received chemotherapy alone (C), 48 patients were treated by interdigitating chemoradiotherapy (IDG) and other 38 patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CON). For thoracic radiation, 20 patients received a dose of ≤45 Gy, 23 ≥60 Gy, and 43 > 45 Gy but < 60 Gy .</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 3-year survival rates were 23.7%, 20.8% and 4.8% in the CON, the IDG and the C groups respectively. There was a significant difference between the CON and the C groups ( P < 0.05), as well as between the IDG and the C groups ( P < 0.05). There was no remarkable difference between the CON and the IDG groups ( P > 0.05). Loco-regional recurrence rate was significantly higher in ≤45 Gy group (55.0%) than that in ≥60 Gy group (8.7%)( P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The chemotherapy combined radiotherapy may improve the survival of patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Dose of thoracic radiation might be related to the loco-regional recurrence.</p>

Experiment study on antiallergic effects of norstemizole / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study the antiallerergic effects of norastemizole. METHODS: Antiallergic effects of norastemizole were study using rats and guinea pigs. RESULTS: Norastemizole(10 -9 -10 -8 mol?L -1 ) caused inhibition effect on the hisitamine induced contraction of isolated guinea pig ileum. Its IC 50 was 4.42 ?10 -9 mol?L -1 Norastemizole at oral doses of 0.1 , 0.5 , 1 mg?kg -1 , norastemizole caused a significant inhibition on the histamin phosphate induced shock in guinea pigs (P

Experimental study on gemcitabine increase of radiation-induced pulmonary injury in mice / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

90%) was a forepart change of gemcitabine-induced lung injury in the first month in G group, but the exudation, proliferation and fibrosis dominated in the 1,3 and 6 months in R+CG group. Hydroxyproline content of lung-irridiated tissue was increased from the 5th month and lasted to months 6,7 and 8, and its content in the R+CG group was higher than that in the other groups(P

Microwave processing of Alumen / 中成药

AIM: To establish an effective and economical processing method for high quality of Calcinatum Alumen with microwave heating. METHODS: A certain amount of Alumen was placed into microwave oven and heated, and its weight was determined by electronic balance every one or five minutes. The quality (appearance, aqueous solubility, water content) of Calcined Alum by microwave was compared with those of products prepared by traditional method, far IR, and electric oven. Moreover, the stability of Calcined Alum in several kinds of package were investigated at room temperature. RESULTS: The microwave for the processing of Alumen has the advantage of rapidness, low cost, and less water content, and its product could be dissolved completely in water. CONCLUSION: Microwave is a practical technique for Alumen processing.

Randomized clinical trial on chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced non small cell lung cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of chemoradiotherapy for stage Ⅲ non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From January 1995 to December 2000, 132 patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC were randomized into two groups: radiotherapy alone group (RT, 65 patioents), treated by conventional fractionation to a total dose of D_T 60?Gy～70?Gy/6 w～7 w; Chemoradiotherapy group (CRT, 67 patients), with chemotherapy given concomitantly or alternately with RT for at least 2 courses. Results Complete response rates of RT and CRT group were 14% and 27%, respectively. Disease progression rates of the two groups were 18% and 13%. The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates were 62.1%, 22.7%, 9.3%and 52.7%, 9.3%, 6.9% in CRT and RT groups(P

PRE-OPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY FOR RECTAL CANCER:A PREOSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL ON 225 CASES / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

From October 1978 through 1983, 225 rectal cancer patients were randomized into R+S group (115 patients) and S only group (110 patients). The radiation dose of pre-operative radiotherapy was 30～45Gy/3～4.5 wks. Radical or palliative resection was done after a rest of 2～4 weeks. The lymphatic metastasis and local recurrence rates of the R+S group (20.6% and 27.8%) were lower than those of the S only group(32.7% and 41.8%)(P

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT THERAPY METHODS FOR NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

From March 1980 to December 1987, 650 patients with non-small cell lung cancers were treated by radiotherapy alone, chemotherapy alone, operation alone, Chinese medicine therapy alone, radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, operation with radiotherapy operation with chemotherapy. The survival rates of the patients who received operation were obviously higher than radiotherapy alone, chemotherapy alone and Chinese medicine therapy alone groups. No relationship was found between the survival rates and pathological classification, but there was a close relationship between the survival rates and stages.

Microwave processing of Borax / 中成药

AIM:To establish a new processing method for Borax with microwave technique. METHODS: A certain amount of Borax was placed into microwave oven and heated, and its weight loss was determined by electronic balance. The optimum processing parameters were obtained through orthogonal design. Water content of Calcined Borax was determined by far IR, microwave oven, and electric oven(at (400 ?C)),respectively. In addition, the stability of Calcined Borax was studied at room temperature. RESULTS: Calcined Borax will be available (within) 30 min with microwave treatment. The total water content can be determined by electric oven(at (400 ?C)). Calcined Borax should be powdered and packed as soosn as possible after processing. CONCLUSION: Microwave is a kind of excellent method for preparation of Calcined Borax in laboratory, with advantages of rapidness and simplicity.