Research progress on Chinese herbal medicine fermentation and profile of active substances derived / 中国中药杂志

Chinese herbal medicines( CHMs) are a class of preparations made from natural plants that pose health beneficial properties as well as illness prevention functions. Thanks to a panel of salutary features,such as comprehensive immunological enhancement and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria,negligible side-effects,inappreciable drug-resistance,CHMs have been taken as one of the costeffective candidates for antibiotics substitutions. Through probiotics fermentation,the enzymatic hydrolysis of matrixes of CHMs enables easier release of the active ingredient as well as endows less toxicity of the preparations derived. During fermentation,the macromolecule or polymers forms of the active ingredient can be cut down to smaller molecule,which favors the transmembrane transport and improve adsorption of the active ingredients by the tissues. Other than the enzymatic benefits,probiotics can produce metabolites that inhibit pathogenic bacteria propagation,which may function synergically with the inhibitory effects of the CHMs preparations to fight the target pathogens. In addition,the oligosaccharide like components of CHMs can promote the growth of probiotics in intestinal environment which may largely facilitate the gut health. To summarize,the fermentation of CHMs using probiotics brings about the biochemical reactions and elevates the health beneficial effects by synergy of the microbial and herbal activities. It has been proved to be one of promising approaches as to antibiotic substitutions,particularly in livestock and poultry breeding industries. This review covered the recent progress of CHMs fermentation on the aspects of microbial strains,patterns of fermentation and active substances from fermentation of CHMs and their potency,respectively.

Effects of various iodin-nutritional on activity of T4 5'-and 5-deiodinase in rat brain / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changing of T4 5'-and 5-deiodinase within rat brain under various iodin-nutritional states.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Animal model of iodine-deficiency rat was performed and the rats were divided into 4 groups by the intake of iodine-nutrition, and then killed at an age of 20 days. The thyroid hormones level in serum was measured by ELISA and the activity of T(4) 5'-and 5-deiodinase within brain was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In less-iodine (LI) group,TT4 and FT4 were accounting for 3.5% of the neutral-iodine (NI) group's, and FT3 was 174.0% of NI group's (P < 0.05). In NI group,TT4 and FT4 were 114.5% and 127.7% of NI group's (P < 0.05). In high-iodine (HI) group, TT4 and FT4 were 61.86% and 62.0% of NI group's, and FT3 was 184.9% of NI group's (P < 0.05). In LI group, the activity of T4 5'-deiodinase tissue of per gram (1.95 +/- 0.32) ngT3.microgT4(-1).h was significantly higher than that of NI group (P < 0.05), and the activity of 5-deiodinase (1.38 +/- 0.21) ngrT3.microg T4(-1).h(-1) is significantly less than that of NI group (1.59 +/- 0.23) (P < 0.05). In HI group the activity of T4 5'-and 5-deiodinase tissue of per gram (1.12 +/- 0.19 and 1.73 +/- 0.36) ngrT3.microgT4(-1).h(-1)was significantly less than that of NI group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The activity of T4 5'-deiodinase in iodine deficiency heightens and that in iodine excess is debased, the activity of T4 5-deiodinase in iodine deficiency and in iodine excess is debased.</p>