Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): Approach to traditional systems, natural and bio-chemical compounds for its management

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder which is characterized by chronic anovulation. Irregular periods, hirsutism, weight gain are the other signs of PCOS. The prevalence of PCOS worldwide is between 6% and 26% while in India it was 3.7% to 22.5%. PCOS is the most prevailing female endocrine disorder and the preeminent cause of infertility. Risk factors that contribute to the development of PCOS include genetics, neuroendocrine system, sedentary lifestyle, diet, and obesity. Modern medicine has found many ways to heal. Synthetic drugs such as metformin and oral contraceptive pills were available in the market, but because of their side effects, people depend on traditional and herbal medicines. This review provides a detailed approach to different types of traditional and natural systems for the treatment and management of PCOS. Different approaches to managing PCOS include the traditional system of drugs, herbal remedies, herbs, and Phyto-ingredients that have proven their potential in treating PCOS. Traditional medicine includes Unani, Ayurveda, Siddha, naturopathy, yoga, and homeopathy. In addition to treatment, yoga also has potential in treating PCOS.

Relationship Between Scapular Muscle Performance And Grip Strength In Lateral Epicondylitis Among Computer Operators

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is an overuse injury of the tendon and involving the extensor muscle of forearm. Induced pain at the upper trapezius (UT) produces an increase in wrist extensor electromyographic activity (EMG) which could potentially lead to overuse injury, such as LE, at the elbow. Some studies found that there is a relation between scapular muscle muscle performance and lateral epicondylitis and loss of grip strength in lateral epicondylitis. There is a lack of literature of similar studies among computer operators. The most common wrong working posture in computer operator is excessive wrist extension it causes to the overuse injury like lateral epicondylitis. The context and purpose of the study: To find out the relationship between scapular muscle performance and grip strength in lateral epicondylitis among computer operators. Result: The correlation between scapular muscle performance and grip strength in LE among computer operators was done using Karl Person correlation coefficient. The result indicated that there is a significant relation between scapular muscle performance and grip strength in lateral epicondylitis. Conclusion: The study showed that there is an impairment of scapular muscle performance and grip strength in lateral epcondylitis among computer operators. Implication: Regular physical activity and proper ergonomics advice can improve quality of life among computer operators.

Correlation Between Body Mass Index And Fear Of Fall On Functional Mobility In Elderly

Background: Functional mobility is defined as the ability of a person to move from place to place in the environment in order to participate in the activities of daily living. A person with overweight and obesity have a greater risk of experiencing mobility disability and those patients will have restrictions in activities at home, work, school and in the community thereby having a negative impact on their health related quality of life. Fear of falling in elderly is a major cause of loss of independence, which has an effect on the physical function in them. Purpose of the study: To find out the relationship between BMI and fear of fall on functional mobility in elderly Result: Out of 30 subjects, 15 subjects were overweight and 15 were normal BMI. Out of 15 overweight subjects, 53.3% were males and 46.7% were females. The mean age of overweight participants was 68.46±2.77. The mean scores for BMI were 27.82±1.56, for FOF 4.93±1.09and for FM 21.53±3.99. FOF and FM were negatively correlated with Overweight. The correlation was not significant. Out of 15 subjects with normal BMI, 53.3% were males and 46.7% were females. The mean age of participants with normal BMI was 68.86±3.62. The mean scores for BMI were 21.40±1.61, for FOF 5.93±.883and for FM 19.26±3.55. FOF and FM were positively correlated with normal BMI. The correlation was not significant. Conclusion: The overweight individual have more fear of fall (FOF) compared with individuals with normal BMI. The functional mobility (FM) is decline in overweight individuals than individuals with normal BMI. Implications: A decrease in sedentary lifestyle and regular physical activity can improve health related quality of life of elderly.

Comparison Of Neck Muscle Flexibility, Strength, Endurance And Proprioception Among The Video Display Terminal User’s In College Students With Neck Pain And Without Neck Pain

Background: Neck pain is one of the main causes of those who use video display terminal devices. Prolonged period of work in an awkward posture would mainly lead to neck pain among the VDT users. Studies show the prevalence of neck pain among VDT users as 45.5%. It is essential to identify factors for preventing people from getting neck pain. Studies show that musculoskeletal disorders are related to physical fitness level. Many factors in physical fitness can predict the incident of musculoskeletal disorders. There are still studies which are specific to neck pain and physical fitness in office workers. The context and purpose of the study: The main aim of the study is to compare the flexibility, strength, endurance and proprioception of neck among the VDT users in college students with neck pain and without neck pain. Results: The main finding of this study was that the video display terminal device users who use more than 4 hours / day have significantly lower flexibility, endurance and proprioception among student with neck pain compared to without pain VDT devices students. But there is no significant difference in strength among both groups. Conclusion: The majority of VDT user’s students who have neck pain are more affected in range of motion, endurance and proprioception compare to without neck pain. But there is no significant difference in strength among both groups. Implication: static posture without taking break in student who use VDT devices can be decrease in physical fitness of neck, so student are take break in between time to time and stretch their leg as well as arm ,neck.

Pattern of disease disclosure to patients in pediatric HIV clinic in a tertiary care center in Kerala

Background: The pattern and rates of disclosure of HIV status to infected children may differ within a country, and among the states, based on the socioeconomic, cultural, and even health status. Understanding this pattern is important in the formulating guidelines of disclosure on their HIV diagnosis to children infected by HIV, and to design strategies for improvement of adherence. This study was proposed to study the pattern of disclosure of HIV status in children aged 6 to 17 years.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted for a year (2016-2017) at a Pediatric HIV clinic in Thrissur, Kerala. Participants for this study were 58 HIV-infected children in the age group of 6-17 years who were on ART, and their parents/caregivers.Results: Among the 58 participants, only 25 (43.1%) were aware of their HIV status, either fully (17; 68%) or partially (8; 32%). Healthcare providers were more likely to disclose the status to the affected child. Majority of the participants (84%) had better compliance to therapy after disclosure and most of the children in the non-institutional group were more supportive towards their parents (50%) after disclosure. The factors that were associated with disclosure in the non-institutional group were age of the child and duration of therapy.Conclusions: Children infected with HIV showed better adherence after complete disclosure. Rate of disclosure can be improved by reviewing the disclosure hurdles in our state so that intervention programs can be planned for improving the rate of disclosure.

Post hysterectomy fallopian tube prolapse: a rare case

Fallopian tube prolapse into the vaginal vault is a very complication of hysterectomy where the adnexa is preserved. The overall occurrence after all routes of hysterectomy is 0.01-0.05%. Several factors have been suggested to contribute to the condition such as vault hematoma, improper closure of vault, early resumption of sexual activity. Due to the misdiagnosis, there is often delay in the diagnosis and its management. The only means of definitive diagnosis is histopathology. A 30-year-old P2l2 presented to us after 3 years of post-hysterectomy with abdominal pain and bleeding pv on and off. On examination prolapsed fallopian tube was found in the vaginal vault on speculum. Biopsy was done in the outside hospital and was confirmed to be the tube. Patient underwent combined laparoscopic and vaginal method. Vaginal excision of the tube was done. Prevention by prophylactic salpingectomy and by suturing the adnexa high up in the pelvis in abdominal hysterectomy.