[Geographical distribution of mouse and mouse-borne diseases in Iran: a review article]

Mice as a reservoir and potential source of some zoonotic disease play an important role in transferring and spreading of infectious diseases. Considering the important role of mice in transmitting diseases to human, this study aimed to evaluate the geographic distribution of mouse and mouse-borne diseases. This review article was carried out using keywords: rodents, Yersinia, Tularemia, Salmonellosis and the terms for other diseases caused by mouse. Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Systematic Review, SID, Scirus and Google scholar databases were searched to find the relevant articles. A total number of 600 articles were retrieved and their titles and abstracts were reviewed. The irrelevant articles were excluded and the eligible ones selected and finally the results were analyzed. Findings of this study indicated a new geographical distribution for mouse and mouse-borne diseases in Iran . Moreover, the results of this study clearly showed the types of disease transmission and distribution by mice in Iran. Such places can be labeled as high-risk areas in order to use the effective control methods. Results show that mice are the important reservoirs of diseases in Iran. Important foci of the diseases in almost all areas of Iran are dispersed. Therefore, reliable methods to control mice are important

[Electrochemical process efficiency for the removal of organic phosphorus from synthetic wastewater]

Phosphorus compounds are among the potential water pollutants which enter the water resources through different ways such as wastewater discharge. Although there are physical, chemical and biological treatment methods for phosphorus removal from the wastewater, much attention has been focused on the use of electrochemical process. This bench-scale study was conducted on synthetic wastewater samples containing organic phosphorus using a closed batch system. The effects of reaction time and initial concentration of organic phosphorus on the electrochemical process of phosphorus removal were studied. In this study, the effect of steel electrodes, an electric current of 0.6 A, a reaction time of 10-60 minutes and also the initial phosphorus concentrations [2 to 32 mg/l] were investigated. The results of this study showed that the concentration of residual organic phosphorus after the electrochemical process at different initial concentrations was reduced to less than 1 mg/l [equivalent to the effluent discharge standard to receptive water in Iran] at a reaction time of 50 minutes. Moreover, the phosphorus removal efficiency was between 93.73-98.72% at different initial concentrations and a reaction time of 60 minutes. The electrochemical process, using the steel electrodes at an electric current of 0.6 A, can reduce the phosphorus concentration to less than 1 mg/l. Moreover, the optimum reaction time for the removal of organic phosphorus is 50 minutes