Eradication of H. Pylori by quadruple or triple therapy.a comparative study

Quadruple therapy appears to be more effective than standard therapy in management of patients with helicobacter pylori infection. No data is available on the relative efficacy of triple and quadruple drug regimens from Pakistan. Consecutive patients with peptic ulcer and H. pylori infection were randomized to receive omeprazole 20 mg twice daily along with either amoxycilline [500 mg four times daily] and clarithromycin [500 mg twice daily] [Group A] or tri-protassium dicitrate hismuthate [120 mg four times daily], metronidazole [400 mg thrice daily] and tetracycline [500 mg 4 times daily] [Group B] for 10 days. Presence H. Pylori infection was looked for using an fecal antigen test before treatment and 30 days after completion of treatment. 17 of 21 patients in Group A and 16 of 23 in Group B had eradication of infection [80.9 and 69.56% respectively by protocol analysis]. Side effects occurred in 2 [1%] and 4[2%] patients in Group A and B, respectively. Discontinuation of drug was not required in any patient. Quadruple therapy for initial therapy of H. Pylori infection does not offer any advantage over standard triple therapy

Comparison of patterns of lipid profile in type-2 diabetics and non-diabetics

To determine the commonest pattern of lipid profile in type 2 diabetics presenting in Mayo hospital and to compare it with non-diabetics. It was a comparative study. It was conducted in all medical wards, medical OPD and patients seen in emergency. Material and method: Patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. After sampling for all relevant investigations, results were expressed after applying Chi-square test. Serum cholesterol> 240mg/dl seen in 25% diabetics and 11% non-diabetics [p <0.05]. Levels <240 and >200mg/dl seen in 35% diabetics and 19% non-diabetics [p <0.05]. Serum cholesterol < 200mg/dl seen in 40% diabetics and 70% non-diabetics [p<0.05].LDL >160mg/dl seen in 21% diabetics and 5% non-diabetics [p<0.01]. LDL < 130 mg/dl seen in 32% diabetics and 42% non-diabetics [p >0.05].HDL < 35 mg/dl seen in 67% diabetics and 43% non-diabetics [p <0.05]. HDL >35mg/ dl seen in 33% diabetics and 57% non-diabetics [p <0.05]. TG >400 mg/dl seen in 8% diabetics and 3% non-diabetics.TG >200mg/dl seen in 38% diabetics and 93% non-diabetics [p<0.01].TG <200mg/dl seen in 62% diabetics and 3% non-diabetics [p<0.01]. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are closely associated. Diabetic dyslipidaemias are a major risk factor for athrosclerosis. The commonest dyslipidaemia found was low HDL cholesterol followed by high LDL, serum cholesterol and TG levels.The commonest dylipidaemia found among non-diabetics in this study is high TG and low HDL,which might be associated with dietary factors and lack of exercise. Correction of dyslipidaemia is important to retard the progression of atherosclerosis

Siriraj score as a tool for clinical diagnosis of stroke

Siriraj stroke score is a diagnostic tool to differentiated ischemic from haemorrhagic shock. This study was carried out to access SSS accuracy as compared to CT scan. This study was carried out in the Department of Medicine and Neurology of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Thirty two patients were included in the study who had stroke SSS was applied as well as CT scan was done. Out of them 6% were misdiagnosed. Overall predictive accuracy was 87.5%. Siriraj stroke score is not 100% accurate. CT scan should be advised before starting definitive stroke therapy

Stroke in elderly patients admitted at Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Early constitute a major proportion of our population. Our study at West Medical Unit of Mayo Hospital, Lahore was based on elderly patients presenting with various types of stroke. Out of 206 elderly patients, 28 had stroke. 12 were female and 16 male. 3 had transient ischemic attack [TIA], 16 suffered from thrombotic stroke and 9 from haemorrhagic event. 6 patients from study group died and 2 left against medical advice. We concluded that stroke is a disease of the elderly imposing major impact on their mortality rates, age being a major risk factor. Hence stress should be laid on the disease as well on the elderly which constitute a major portion of our population

Measurement of optical parameters: absorption scattering and Auto-florescence of skin in vitro

To measure various optical parameters in skin sample of chicken. We illuminated the chicken breast skin tissues with collimated radiation of 400-700 nm Nd-YAG pumped dye laser, and measured skin optical properties for dry and hydrated sample in vitro. Total reflectance and transmitted intensities were recorded by which scattering, absorption and anisotropic factors of the sample obtained using double integrating sphere setup. The in vitro optical parameters are higher then in vivo measurements. Hydration of skin is found to influence its scattering properties. Dry sample scatter less then hydrated sample. Our in vitro results are in agreements with other data available in literature