Effects of submaximal endurance training and vitamin D[3] supplementation on pain threshold in diabetic rats

According to beneficial effects of endurance training and vitamin D[3] in diabetes mellitus, purpose of this study is effects submaximal endurance training and vitamin D[3] supplementation on pain threshold in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats [250 +/- 20 g, N=40] were made diabetic by streptozotocin [60 mg/kg, subcutaneously]. 72 h after injection diabetes induction was confirmed by tail vein blood glucose concentration [>300 mg/dl]. Then animals were divided to five groups: diabetic control [DC], diabetic trained [DT], diabetic -vitamin D [DD], diabetic trained and vitamin D [DTD], and control [C]. Animals were submitted to endurance training by treadmill and vitamin D[3] treatment [twice aweek, intrapretonally] for 4 weeks. 48 h after at the end of exercise and treatment protocol, we used tail-flick to assess the effects of training and vitamin D[3] on thermal pain threshold. We used one way ANOVA statistical analysis to compare differences between groups, significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Diabetic induced hyperalgesia were decreased significantly by vitamin D but not 4 weeks endurance exercise training. Concurrent effects of training and vitamin D on thermal pain threshold were not significantly higher than vitamin D effects alone. It is concluded that vitamin D administration given at the time of diabetes induction may be able to restore thermal hyperalgesia. But effects of endurance exercise training needs to more investigation in diabetic rats

Sex bias in primary congenital glaucoma patients with and without CYP1B1 mutations

To investigate variations in sex ratio among Iranian primary congenital glaucoma [PCG] patients with and without mutations in the CYP1B1 gene and to evaluate possible clinical variations associated with sex in these two groups. Phenotypical data on 104 unrelated Iranian PCG patients who had previously been screened for CYP1B1 mutations were analyzed. Emphasis was placed on analysis of sex ratios among patients with and without CYP1B1 mutations. In addition to sex, familial and sporadic incidence and clinical features including age at onset, bilateral/unilateral involvement, corneal diameter, intraocular pressure, and cup-disc ratios were compared between these two groups. Information on phenotypical parameters was available for most but not all patients. Among the 93 PCG patients whose sex was recorded, 57 were male [61.3%] and 36 were female [38.7%] [P=0.03]. Patients with CYP1B1 mutations included 37 male [66.1%] and 29 female [43.9%] subjects [P=0.30], while patients without the mutation included 20 [74.1%] male and 7 [25.9%] female individuals [P=0.013]. Our data did not provide conclusive evidence on difference in severity of the disease between those with and without CYP1B1 mutations, nor between the two sexes. Consistent with data on PCG patients from other populations, the overall incidence of PCG in Iran seems to be higher among male subjects. The difference in incidence between the two sexes was not significant among patients whose disease was due to mutations in CYP1B1. The overall higher incidence of PCG among male subjects seems to be attributable to a higher incidence in male patients not harboring CYP1B1 mutations, suggesting that other genes or factors may be involved in manifestation of PCG phenotypes in a sex dependent manner

Tiger bite: an unapprehended injury

This short communication describes the various modes of presentation, complications and management of tiger bite. All patients presenting to the emergency department with a history of tiger bite were included in the study. A total of 6 patients were admitted at the Department of Surgery, Khulna Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, from 2003 to 2006. Injury involved different parts of the body; predominantly, the upper part. All patients needed emergency surgery including wound toileting, debridement and even reconstructive surgery. One patient died due to infective complications. Tiger bite is a major public health problem in the greater Sundarban area of Bangladesh. Timely hospitalization and effective management can save valuable human lives

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a patient with essential thrombocytosis: Successful treatment with GP-IIbIIIa inhibitor

We treated a 37 years old female who has essential thrombocytosis and developed NSTEMI with GPIIb IIIa inhibitors in addition to standard treatment with dual anti platelet therapy, low molecular heparin, beta blocker and ACE inhibitor and had good recovery of left ventricular function without any bleeding complication. Since these patients have both bleeding and thrombotic complications, it is prudent to carefully follow these patients during treatment and on follow up

Evaluation of 278 hla-b27 positive patients suspected of seronegative spondyloarthropathies

To determine HLA-B27 prevalence in patients suspected of Seronegative spondyloarthropathy referred to the Transplantation Department of Blood Transfusion Organization, and to evaluate clinical findings among HLA-B27 positive patients. One thousand six hundred ten patients having clinical manifestation of seronegative SpAs were screened for HLA typing by serological methods from January 1997 to June 2002 at Transplantation Department of Blood Transfusion Organization, Ahwaz, Iran. Serologic-based HLA typing using Antigen-specific sera to determine a person's HLA type was performed. Among these patients, individuals found HLA-B27 positive were investigated regarding clinical findings, age, and sex distribution. In this study the frequency of HLA-B27 antigen was 17.26% [278 cases]. The minimum age in males was 10 years and the maximum age in female was 70 years. Median age with seronegative SpAs findings [34.2% including 28.42% females, 71.57% males] was 20-30 years. Based on our results, the most frequent clinical manifestation, was peripheral joints arthritis [58.7%; 34.35% females, 65.65% males]. There were no association between any of the major clinical manifestations and age or sex distribution. These findings confirm the strong association of the HLA B27 allele with various types of spondyloarthritis and suggests that HLA typing would help in the diagnosis of seronagative SpAs, specially ankylosing spondylitis with indeterminate clinical presentation and also in identifying at risk family members

Brugada syndrome.

The syndrome of right bundle branch block, ST segment elevation from VI-V3 and syncopal episodes and/or sudden death in a patient with structurally normal heart is a new entity, named Brugada syndrome in 1992. In some individuals, the presentation may be asymptomatic with only abnormal electrocardographs while in others a history of sudden death in the family and electrocardiographic criteria are observed. This disease is genetically determined caused by a defect in the myocardial sodium channel (SCN5A). Sudden death in individuals with this syndrome can only be prevented by implanting a cardioverter-defibrillator.