RESUMO
Cholecystolithiasis is one of the most common diseases. Prevalence of the biliary stones has a close relation with the one's life condition. Howeve its frequency can be reduced by controlling the known risk factors in each area. The aim of this study was to determine the types of gall stones and the related risk factors in Semnan during 2002-2003. All patients who underwent cholecystectomy during 2002-2003 included in this study. Their F.B.S, triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL were measured by standard laboratory methods. BMI and type of stones analyzed by macro-microscopic methods and biopsy of gall bladder was performed. Finally, the relation of the risk factors with the type of stone, histologic findings, age and gender distribution were assessed. All data were recorded in a specified questionaire. Chi-Square test at the significant level of 0.05 was used to analyze the data. The most frequent risk factor for biliary stone was drug consumption. The most usual type of stone was mixed and the most ordinary pathology finding was chronic non-specific cholecystitis. Meanwhile the finding suggest significant relation between cholecystolithiasis and the quantity of drug used, diabetes, multiparity, hyperlipidemia and obesity. We suggest that by controlling these known risk factors such as drug consumption especially OCP by obese and multigravida women, reducing weight, and hyperlipidemia especially in aged groups, the frequency of the gall stones can be reduced