Estimation and comparison of thrombocyte count by peripheral blood smear method and automated method in women with pregnancy

Background: Thrombocyte is important and very essential component of blood and have significant role in maintenance of hemostasis. Thrombocyte count is an important investigation done in various acquired and congenital coagulable states which include conditions like pregnancy. Thrombocyte count is routinely done by automated hematology analyzer method. The automated hematology analyzer counters are not usually available at all centres especially in peripheral and rural side though thrombocytes can also be assessed from the peripheral blood smears, which can be easily and precisely done at any set up. Aim and objective of this study was to compare the thrombocyte estimation by peripheral blood smear method and automated hematology analyzer in pregnant women.Methods: Thrombocyte estimation was done from samples taken from 120 normal pregnant women between December 2018 to March 2019, where samples were Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated. Thrombocyte was counted manually using PBS (Leishman stain) and hematology analyzer (Sysmex XN1000 series). Thrombocyte counts were expressed in Mean and standard Deviation. Statistical analysis was done by student’s t test using MS excel and SPSS version 17.Results: Thrombocyte count by PBS have mean value of 2.04 lacs/mm3 with standard deviation of 0.56 lacs/mm3 and by automated method have mean value of 1.89 lacs/mm3 and standard deviation of 0.71 lacs/mm3 with p value 0.010. Thus, there was no statistically significant difference found between two methods.Conclusions: Estimation of thrombocyte count on the basis of manual thrombocyte count is a reliable technique and can be used to validate automated thrombocyte counts. It can also be used in under resourced laboratories, where there are no automated counters of good precision available. In fact, all the tests showing abnormal thrombocyte counts must be reported only after cross examining on PBS.

Poisoning Among Children In A Tertiary Care Centre Of Andhra Pradesh.

Abstracts: Background & Aim: Accidental Poisoning in children focuses on the effect of substances caused by accidental poisonings from drugs of abuse, household products, or various other chemicals. Aim is to analyze children with accidental poisoning for the epidemiological factors; type of poison, time elapsed to reach the hospital, mode of poisoning, socioeconomic status and outcome. Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective observational study carried out at department of pediatrics, SVRR Government General Hospital during the periods of November 2011 to October 2013 . Total of 127 children admitted in the hospital were studied. Results: Most common cause of poisoning in children was kerosene (37.8%) followed by organophosphates(24.4%). 54.3%of the poisoned cases were in the age group1month-5year, compared to 37% and 8.6% of the age groups 6-10 and 11-12 yr respectively. Overall incidence of poisoning in males was much higher than females, but in the age group above 10 years there is increased incidence in females. Conclusion: outcome of poisoning is directly related to the interval between poisoning and presentation to emergency care. Immediate access to the medical management , responsible monitoring of the poisoned patients, rapid treatment and follow-ups are essential to improve the condition of these poisoned children.

Spring Cantilever: When and Why – A Clinical Report.

A fi xed partial denture is routinely done for the replacement of the missing natural teeth. In the case of anterior missing teeth, conventional cantilever type of fi xed partial denture is more conservative depending upon the case selection. Replacements of anterior teeth are challenging when there is a generalized spacing between the maxillary anterior teeth. Shape and size of the pontic, which replaces the missing teeth has to be in proportion with natural anterior teeth (golden proportion). In such cases, to achieve acceptable esthetics there may be a need to involve more number of teeth by regular fi xed partial denture. Spring cantilever is an ideal solution in these situations. Th e present article covers the case selection, advantages and disadvantages of spring cantilever type of fi xed partial denture.

Enzymatic quorum quenching increases antibiotic susceptibility of multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa

There is increasing emergence of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa [MDRPA] strains and drug resistance is positively-correlated with biofilm-forming ability. Since about 10% of P. aeruginosa genome is controlled by quorum sensing [QS], alteration in its antibiotic susceptibility by targeting QS was the focus of the present study. One day biofilms of PAO1 and three urinary tract infection MDRPA isolates [PA2, PA8 and PA18] were formed in 96-well microtiter plate. Biofilms were exposed to concentration gradient of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin to obtain Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration [MBEC] by direct enumeration method. Susceptibility of 24 h biofilms was evaluated by treatment with ciprofloxacin and gentamicin per se and in combination with lactonase. The effect was also examined on 72 h biofilms by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Lactonase treatment did not have any effect on growth of the selected strains but 73.42, 69.1, 77.34 and 72.5% reduction of biofilm was observed after lactonase [1 unit] treatment, respectively. Antibiotics in combination with lactonase [0.3 units] resulted in an increased susceptibility of the biofilm forms by > 3.3, 4, 5 and 1.5 folds of MBEC, for ciprofloxacin and > 6.67, 12.5, 6 and > 2.5 folds, for gentamicin respectively, which could be due to the disruption of biofilm by lactonase treatment as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Also there was significant reduction [p < 0.001] in virulence factor production by the strains. Lactonase treatment increased antibiotic susceptibility of the biofilms of MDRPA isolates underscoring the potential of quorum quenching in antimicrobial therapeutics