[Determination of flavonoid compounds in Rosa damascene mill]

Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Pigments are primarily responsible for the color of rose petals, it is colorless flavonoids aid in the intensification and stabilization of color. The aim of this research was extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from central location of Iran and cultivated in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Samples were collected on late April 2006. A 5 g fresh flower petals was blended with 30 ml of 9: 1 methanol - acetic acid, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]. Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from 15 samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Kamoo 4 [482 ppm], Arak [421 ppm], Ghohrood [420 ppm], Mashhad -e- ardehal 1 [412 ppm], and the lowest from Ghamsar 3 [131 ppm], Kamoo 3 [164 ppm], Kamoo 2 [169 ppm], and Ghamsar 1 [188 ppm]. The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Kamoo 4 [358 ppm], Ghohrod [337 ppm], Ghamsar 2 [324 ppm], and Arak [318 ppm], and lowest were from Qum [82 ppm], Tehran [91 ppm], Ghamsar 3 [122 ppm] and Kamoo 2 [172 ppm]. According to the results the samples were obtained from Kamoo 4 [482 ppm kaempferol, 358 ppm quercetin], Ghohrod [420 ppm kaempferoi, 337 ppm quercetin] and Mashhad -e -ardehal 1 [412 ppm kaempferol, 300 ppm quercetin]

Determination of hypericin content in flowers and leaves of eight Hypericum species

Hypericum genus is one of the most important medicinal plant that contains 17 species in Iran, three of them are endemic. In this research hypericin content of flowers and leaves of eight Hypericum species was determined. Plant material was extracted with chloroform by Soxhlet until chlorophyll ceased extracting, after removal of chloroform, the thimble was re-extracted with methanol until the red pigment, hypericin, ceased extracting. The analysis of hypericin use of a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] method with UV detection on 590 nm. The mobile phase consisted of methanol 68%: ethyl acetate 20%: 0.1 M NaH[2]PO[4].2H[2]O 12% and with column C[18]. Identification of the compound was on extraction of 1 grams of flowers and leaves. Hypericin content obtained in H.dogonbadanicum [flower 36 and leaves 36 ppm] which are endemic, H. helianthemoides [flower 118 and leaves 22 ppm], H. hirtellum [flower 178 and leaves 26 ppm], H. hyssopifolium [flower 224 and leaves 120 ppm], H.lysimachioides [flower 1177 and leaves 178 ppm], H. perforatum [flower 1900 and leaves 813 ppm], H. scabrum [flower 13 and leaves 10 ppm] and H. triquetrifolium [flower 1460, leaves 1426 and stem 17 ppm]. Hypericin content in different Hypericum show that are different, highest are in H. perforatum with 1900 ppm and in H. triquetrifolium with 1460 ppm