distinct autosomal recessive ocular anomaly in Chaharborj, Islamic Republic of Iran

In Chaharborj, a village in north-eastern of the Islamic Republic of Iran, a high prevalence of congenital blindness [1.1%] has been reported. The clinical findings have not been fully described. We therefore assessed the clinical aspects of this condition in a case series of 20 congenially blind patients and 24 of their parents. All patients had been blind since birth. There was anterior segment dysgenesis and retinal non-attachment in all patients. There were no systemic anomalies. Histopathologically, there was iridocorneal adhesion, normal angle structure and retinal dysplasia. No significant difference was found in the frequency of different HLA class I alleles compared with the general population. The anomaly causing congenital blindness in these patients has components of both anterior and posterior segment dysgenesis. It appears to be a distinct entity with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance

Predicting factors for anastomotic leakage after esophageal cancer resection

Esophageal anastomosis leaks continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy. The purpose of the present study was to identify the predisposing factors of esophageal anastomotic leakage. 95 patients who underwent surgical resection for esophageal or cardia cancer were included for the study. The mean age of the patients was 59.5 years and male to female ratio was 1.56 to 1. The preferred management strategy for anastomotic leakage was the conservative approach when possible. The operative approach was reserved for those patients with fulminant sepsis or those who did not respond to the conservative management. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software and P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Sixty six patients had cervical esophageal anastomosis and 29 had intrathoracic anastomosis; 18.9% anastomotic leakage was diagnosed. Patients with symptoms longer than 6 months prior to operation, and diabetic patients had a significantly higher risk of anastomotic leakage. Our data showed that the presences of diabetes mellitus as well as prolonged symptoms [more than six months] are associated with higher anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy. Controlling blood glucose, early diagnosis of esophageal cancer, early resection of tumor before a long-term period of symptoms, and effective screening program for esophageal cancer may reduce the risk of esophageal leakage

histopathological changes of mice liver due to morphine administration

Morphine is an opioid analgesic and has known effects on different organs. This study was done to determine the histopatological; changes of liver due to morphine administration in adult mice. In this experimental study, 20 male Blab/c mice divided experiment and control groups. In experiment and control group, animals received 15mg/kg/day morphine and salin normal interperitoneally, for 2days respectively. Day 22 the livers were dissected under anesthesiology. Specimens were processed for histological study and stanied with H and E. In experimental group, small sites of necrosis with poly morphic inflammatory infiltration and debris formation of necrotized nucleus in death area, so hepatitis was suggested. Also accumulation of micro droplets of lipid inside the hepatocyte cytoplasm withont nucleus displacement [fatty damages with small vacuoles] observed in cases. In addition, microvesicular steatosis and mouth teeth necrosis in liver parenchyma with inflammation in the vein and portal space were seen in cases. Any changes was not seen in control group. The interperitoneal administration of morphine can cause histopatological changes in mice liver